tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-75096569869341690802024-03-16T11:52:03.863-07:00The wonderful life of Santos=Dumont by Luiz PaganoLuiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.comBlogger41125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-90926025117110049462024-01-28T08:37:00.000-08:002024-01-28T11:42:35.599-08:00Speculations about the Operation and Proposal of S=D # 18 - Hydroglisseur<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmVTjWvMdrIKC68miGnvUk9y2FyiWwlveWTQtuNEARzxlMtQNRVcnYuDpHjCAeOlGzOL-L6mGolNfcVpVnazd4jpd90zl-aeHWXeAlbtIS-_SMsOWhUCGBCb3Nz2lfZ2WRNYO5FDp5TG8W9z5nzz-vRBQ7D2lDkb2sSQuu0bzkcWYYIceJ9vaPnFJuO7g/s2666/Speculations%20about%20the%20operation%20and%20Proposal%20of%20SD%2018.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmVTjWvMdrIKC68miGnvUk9y2FyiWwlveWTQtuNEARzxlMtQNRVcnYuDpHjCAeOlGzOL-L6mGolNfcVpVnazd4jpd90zl-aeHWXeAlbtIS-_SMsOWhUCGBCb3Nz2lfZ2WRNYO5FDp5TG8W9z5nzz-vRBQ7D2lDkb2sSQuu0bzkcWYYIceJ9vaPnFJuO7g/w640-h480/Speculations%20about%20the%20operation%20and%20Proposal%20of%20SD%2018.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>With Number 18, Santos=Dumont not only improved the Demoiselle but also contributed to the efforts in making high-speed luxury boats a reality, alongside inventing a revolutionary hydraulic system.</p><div><div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2024/01/especulacoes-sobre-o-funcionamento-e.html">leia esta matéria em Português</a></div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont went beyond enhancing the Demoiselle; he transcendentally innovated by introducing a disruptive hydraulic system. This not only challenged the conventions of the time but also paved the way for a new chapter in the evolution of aviation and aquatic means—everything started with a bold bet.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>The Audacious Wager</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The tireless researcher with a fertile imagination, Santos-Dumont, seemed more like an amateur of feats than of lasting successes.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2008/10/uma-aposta-cria-o-numero-18-le-hydro.html">Know more about this bet </a></span></div><div><br /></div><div><div>After circumnavigating the Eiffel Tower with his first dirigible balloon and executing wise maneuvers in Trouville with another balloon, he immersed himself in aviation. Without abandoning other modes of aerial locomotion, he dreamed of conquering the liquid element with his hydroplane. During a historic dinner among high-profile sportsmen on July 24, 1906, Mr. Charron, perhaps influenced by the communicative warmth of the banquet, made serious and encouraging challenges:</div><div><br /></div><div>Mr. F. Charron bet 10,000 francs against Mr. Bleriot's 2,000 that it wouldn't be possible to reach 100 km/h on the water with any apparatus before April 1, 1908, covering only 1 km but in both directions, and the average of the two experiments would be considered. Arbiter: Mr. René de Knyff.</div><div><br /></div><div>Mr. F. Charron bet 50,000 francs against Santos=Dumont's 5,000 that the latter couldn't achieve 100 km/h on the water before April 1, 1908, with the same timing method as before.</div><div><br /></div><div>Mr. F. Charron and Marques de Dion bet 5,000 francs against Archdeacon and Santos-Dumont that they wouldn't see an airplane fly a distance of 500m without touching the ground before February 1, 1908.</div><div><br /></div><div>René Doncières – "Les nouveaux Santos=Dumont," La Nature, n. 1796, October 26, 1906, p. 344</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM5yOpNwvQIZpZuhGonlocKKOOvpU3tn-p2GwRbqrf4uJgmJYUhbWAA9OQEi61KIv5NCv3zhGYnDpPvobATe8qF3vhtf9I2cZZVxzMWrpFqOYOaQSwyF1kVs74Pev0qh1CNX3VNT2k6typn_gGLdlj-8qbPW5K9UNr-b0l6H-SVu7jFAvmDOJ5jZt9gm8T/s953/S%20D%20Pilotando.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="618" data-original-width="953" height="416" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgM5yOpNwvQIZpZuhGonlocKKOOvpU3tn-p2GwRbqrf4uJgmJYUhbWAA9OQEi61KIv5NCv3zhGYnDpPvobATe8qF3vhtf9I2cZZVxzMWrpFqOYOaQSwyF1kVs74Pev0qh1CNX3VNT2k6typn_gGLdlj-8qbPW5K9UNr-b0l6H-SVu7jFAvmDOJ5jZt9gm8T/w640-h416/S%20D%20Pilotando.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos-Dumont piloting his Number 18 - Hydro Glisseur. His hydraulic steering system anticipated Francis Devis' invention by more than 10 years.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>The Santos=Dumont #18 Hydro glisseur wasn't just an isolated experiment; it was a crucial milestone that provided essential insights for the subsequent development of Demoiselle and, by extension, modern airplanes. Conceived to study the interactions between wings and water, Number 18 initiated a significant chapter in aviation history.</div><div><br /></div><div>Unfortunately, Dumont didn't win the bet.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Speculations on Operation and Piloting</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The analysis of Number 18 raises fascinating speculations about its operation and piloting. Given Santos-Dumont's distant position from the engine, intriguing questions arise about the controls and onboard systems.</div></div><div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNpTMEcpYJnvg-_RDNrUHOgnlJoYLOBqwWNGZRHEkx_6OfLUKaAvGnL1hLuI1VrEgtzXWJh0tFAnFFmUitkuw90LSCQMPweayRGvSKdJVylks2ESFsztJPn-WS3zW5cZ9_082rs_7YyyoExhQLY5AyThJ3_bnb5twaQvIVSG5RP4l52dn5_pZx8PbCHj6x/s2048/18.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1332" data-original-width="2048" height="416" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNpTMEcpYJnvg-_RDNrUHOgnlJoYLOBqwWNGZRHEkx_6OfLUKaAvGnL1hLuI1VrEgtzXWJh0tFAnFFmUitkuw90LSCQMPweayRGvSKdJVylks2ESFsztJPn-WS3zW5cZ9_082rs_7YyyoExhQLY5AyThJ3_bnb5twaQvIVSG5RP4l52dn5_pZx8PbCHj6x/w640-h416/18.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">In this photo, the compressor seems to be at the stern, protected by a cover (possibly made of wood).</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div></div><div>The suggestion of hydraulic controls for the submerged fins is an innovative approach, providing an efficient means to control the vessel's elevation in the water.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Mysterious Contraption</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLHjlAMs6r0GcPkmeC3vmYH5eVmmIkCXq3PAWxIUtMwIkY7ozRoLc5nJFZgKd-5tEYwBa9o3a1sSDWTeGhzlW7C7MRac0mkvbfvCHN92yNiOL6IpRCzCr8xk_IHtG9pTb-jwlmDc-qRvJPnvQmGJI9YKJ0vsG4534oNqYa4xro88NKbqXHJufgtJxP1Fpx/s1355/hidroplaine.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="1355" height="398" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLHjlAMs6r0GcPkmeC3vmYH5eVmmIkCXq3PAWxIUtMwIkY7ozRoLc5nJFZgKd-5tEYwBa9o3a1sSDWTeGhzlW7C7MRac0mkvbfvCHN92yNiOL6IpRCzCr8xk_IHtG9pTb-jwlmDc-qRvJPnvQmGJI9YKJ0vsG4534oNqYa4xro88NKbqXHJufgtJxP1Fpx/w640-h398/hidroplaine.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">In this photo, we see the two volumes covered with canvas, the 100hp Antoniette engine, and the mysterious object just below the engine.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Santos=Dumont conducted various experiments with the Hydroglisseur, and by observing photos and videos from that time, a mysterious device becomes apparent. This device is often covered with a canvas or wooden casing, sometimes located under the 16-cylinder, 100hp Antoniette engine, occasionally covered with a canvas with lateral stripes. Other times, the mysterious device appears at the stern, just behind Dumont's saddle. What could it be?</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdHascULnUq2D05smYF2_Lxudnc9K5RD3HS91CZTn4k-9vGh8Kh_2jOG90IntisYI6SuCkUaarxJJah3yKHNEPHnK7CDSwW8a7lxuVnyidfsgUGcfLR7hRNfGx_JIoJXy3UrF0OI0DSrunUoCgLMVTPNatIdeNEEPHE3be-2OuKquEtnA7cGIQusqFkI_i/s2666/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Sistema%20hidra%CC%81ulico%20de%20movimentac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20de%20barbatanas.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdHascULnUq2D05smYF2_Lxudnc9K5RD3HS91CZTn4k-9vGh8Kh_2jOG90IntisYI6SuCkUaarxJJah3yKHNEPHnK7CDSwW8a7lxuVnyidfsgUGcfLR7hRNfGx_JIoJXy3UrF0OI0DSrunUoCgLMVTPNatIdeNEEPHE3be-2OuKquEtnA7cGIQusqFkI_i/w640-h480/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Sistema%20hidra%CC%81ulico%20de%20movimentac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20de%20barbatanas.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The mysterious device seems to be an air compressor with outlet towers, valves, cables (and perhaps a centrifugal regulator). It is likely a hydraulic system where pistons and actuators move and hold the fins in a diving and rising position, allowing Dumont to conduct buoyancy experiments.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>In the video, it's evident that it's some kind of air compressor, seemingly not used to inflate the floating pontoons, as they are structured. Nor is it for circulating water in the radiator since a centrifugal governor is observed, a characteristic part of steam engines, with two spheres gently spinning, typically used to balance force in gas outlets.</div><div><br /></div><div>The mysterious device is likely a hydraulic system, with a pump propelling gases into a cylinder transmitting pressure to pistons and actuators. This aligns with the advanced function of controlling altitude on the water's surface.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNhRyQdTPOIIMND1zjsKtOcwTichIjCEiaI_kqaU2ZwFzUlJVQVOUD9pEpOXYS2AmLbG49p6LUJCPV5RJbpIOyR6LFpFOZ9fu3LVZpFB-9qQmymFvBen6Vr_veXc5v2BovJJzQZK8ei5uNvuegOBJuvfdjwR0N9dWfLB4RegEGOMwifjkfuZMesmw_Rjqo/s960/Atuadores%20de%20Cauda.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="866" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNhRyQdTPOIIMND1zjsKtOcwTichIjCEiaI_kqaU2ZwFzUlJVQVOUD9pEpOXYS2AmLbG49p6LUJCPV5RJbpIOyR6LFpFOZ9fu3LVZpFB-9qQmymFvBen6Vr_veXc5v2BovJJzQZK8ei5uNvuegOBJuvfdjwR0N9dWfLB4RegEGOMwifjkfuZMesmw_Rjqo/w578-h640/Atuadores%20de%20Cauda.png" width="578" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">In this October 6, 1907, Le Pèlerin 1605 photo, we can clearly see what appear to be air pistons acting as actuators on the stern fin.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>Manipulating the fins (rudders) to adjust the ascent or descent, according to Dumont's control, involves complex hydraulic components, revealing a high degree of sophistication in the design. Perhaps, it was one of the first hydroplanes to rise in the water using hydrofoils to achieve greater speeds.</div><div><br /></div><div>By examining the pistons and cylinders, we can extrapolate the operation of the control system for the fins on Santos=Dumont's Number 18, based on a clever hydraulic system (from the photos, it could well be a 'Bowden cable' system, a mechanism that uses a thin wire filament moving inside a flexible outer casing, similar to bicycle brakes).</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's continue with the hydraulic system, in which a cylinder containing pressurized fluid is central to the operation, strategically positioned valves play a crucial role in regulating the flow of hydraulic fluid. When Dumont wants to adjust the position of the fins, he precisely operates these valves, opening and closing as needed.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhs9wZpQlcFYv1DxD0IAekQH9IPUqzD0w8Wv8hF5PP3nrAsr5go_dx0RHrWlpug0VbBmz9tYrA6D5g_DUCV_rkm_eThSZiZH3LlWBdqgRXBFn_y4sdbPTOjx0nIkN6PX1ltdxxKkrJkwOGYmQ6SLDwSk84cq15c9zRZ5paF0wTRPwgQhuouH-GCsgLk_X8S/s2666/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Sistema%20hidra%CC%81ulico%20descric%CC%A7a%CC%83o.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhs9wZpQlcFYv1DxD0IAekQH9IPUqzD0w8Wv8hF5PP3nrAsr5go_dx0RHrWlpug0VbBmz9tYrA6D5g_DUCV_rkm_eThSZiZH3LlWBdqgRXBFn_y4sdbPTOjx0nIkN6PX1ltdxxKkrJkwOGYmQ6SLDwSk84cq15c9zRZ5paF0wTRPwgQhuouH-GCsgLk_X8S/w640-h480/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Sistema%20hidra%CC%81ulico%20descric%CC%A7a%CC%83o.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">observing the pistons and cylinders it is possible to extrapolate the functioning of the fin control system in Number 18 by Santos=Dumont, based on an ingenious hydraulic system. In this system, a cylinder containing fluid held under pressure is central to the operation, strategically placed valves play a crucial role in regulating the flow of hydraulic fluid.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div><div>In the diagram above, we see how from his seat Dumont could have controlled the submerged ailerons to understand and master hydrodynamic forces, similar to aerodynamics:</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Diving Position</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>To position the fin in a diving position, Dumont skillfully manipulated the valves, opening and closing them precisely to control the flow of hydraulic fluid through the cables to the opposing pistons, generating targeted pressure. This resulted in a coordinated movement of the fins to the desired diving position.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Ascending Position</b></div><div><br /></div><div>When Dumont decided to raise the fin's position, he reversed the position of the valves to direct the hydraulic fluid in the opposite direction through the cables to the pistons. This reverse action creates pressure that propels the pistons to lift the fins, allowing the aircraft to return to the surface or reach a desired ascending position.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>But which fin moved? Front or rear fin?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The proposal to use a piston to generate pressure and control the front hydrofoils (fins) is ingenious. The integration of a hydraulic system would drive a piston, which in turn would raise the front fin.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5m42GBqdhrYtzO4APDsrfeeHV0Fo2TWT7YHrYUYT9gn7vtwA6bvwQEZ0-jG_XB6VI9HybYSCn-pkzZ6xnjnwCuJ8N3Jm-K5yn86Qp43STDjOrgcj7RaMRYaV2sBCTf9BuAHv5EfW7w-JWFw9vKSycpgKRm6UsNmxnb6fv8tjhBfK0vixzMUBuw_Joev-y/s2666/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Movimentando%20a%20embarcac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20para%20cima.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5m42GBqdhrYtzO4APDsrfeeHV0Fo2TWT7YHrYUYT9gn7vtwA6bvwQEZ0-jG_XB6VI9HybYSCn-pkzZ6xnjnwCuJ8N3Jm-K5yn86Qp43STDjOrgcj7RaMRYaV2sBCTf9BuAHv5EfW7w-JWFw9vKSycpgKRm6UsNmxnb6fv8tjhBfK0vixzMUBuw_Joev-y/w640-h480/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Movimentando%20a%20embarcac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20para%20cima.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Assuming a system to lift the vessel to move the front fin, the simplified tubes painted in red demonstrate the pressure lines controlled by Dumont to lift and maintain the front fins' position.<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div>Observation of the photos is crucial for a more accurate understanding. The rear fins seem to have a tilt actuator, suggesting that these would be the moving parts influenced by the proposed hydraulic system. Therefore, the movement could be centered on the rear fins, allowing the adjustment of the vessel's tilt in the water through the piston driven by the hydraulic system.</div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI5aRqzj6SfmkapDIM9EI1MdxGumVMGv4S5IKp5mTmtArzbimg66vAfsW87lqHDfVQL68rosf14DjFpaKEMrW3TNoJzrJ6WOcFpM4DzcRsWnXNJ49DPFI37X3iPlyP5hTbS3hBQZ7Gga2EsikmtuZ8TJZvWUs73r1Z7-FhCZSrc1xUfijCdsNj4Vf_VBXl/s2666/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Movimentando%20a%20embarcac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20para%20cima%20trazeiras.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgI5aRqzj6SfmkapDIM9EI1MdxGumVMGv4S5IKp5mTmtArzbimg66vAfsW87lqHDfVQL68rosf14DjFpaKEMrW3TNoJzrJ6WOcFpM4DzcRsWnXNJ49DPFI37X3iPlyP5hTbS3hBQZ7Gga2EsikmtuZ8TJZvWUs73r1Z7-FhCZSrc1xUfijCdsNj4Vf_VBXl/w640-h480/Santos%20Dumont%20N18%20Movimentando%20a%20embarcac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20para%20cima%20trazeiras.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Different from the photo above, here we see a system to lift the vessel to move the rear fin. The simplified tubes painted in red move the rear fin in the diving direction, forcing the stern to lower and the bow to rise.<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><b>The Marvelous Antoinette Engines</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>The power-to-weight ratio of these engines enabled the first flight of a heavier-than-air craft in 1906 <a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-ou-os-irmaos-wright-quem.html">(read the article).</a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>In May 1906, Gastambide and Levavasseur founded the Antoinette company (named after Gastambide's beautiful daughter) in Puteaux, located at 28, rue des Bas-Rogers, for the mass production of V8 and V16 engines. Louis Blériot, in search of an engine, contributed funds and was appointed the company's vice president.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZukagJg2hVCC7MHblgP70E3laortUOniAZG7hfeFCrnKPP-f8DtISlWz9dYVmSuSkz5Y-Ibl3H47y8EmH0VXdPYXnvQDh_p3izedp85zQWhEEjGMowzARAwAJJXmaXkLfF_GfDCo1iKSotO3JuRh0aoH5Rghlx4G_irCgH27iuhWKPkTQ68ITtQKfMUss/s2666/Motor%20Antoniette.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZukagJg2hVCC7MHblgP70E3laortUOniAZG7hfeFCrnKPP-f8DtISlWz9dYVmSuSkz5Y-Ibl3H47y8EmH0VXdPYXnvQDh_p3izedp85zQWhEEjGMowzARAwAJJXmaXkLfF_GfDCo1iKSotO3JuRh0aoH5Rghlx4G_irCgH27iuhWKPkTQ68ITtQKfMUss/w640-h480/Motor%20Antoniette.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The lovely Antoniette Gastanbide, daughter of one of the partners, gave her name to this engine factory that contributed significantly to the history of aviation and navigation. The company's ads highlighted the excellent power-to-weight ratio of the engine, which could be carried on the shoulders with ease, enabling Santos=Dumont's first heavier-than-air flight.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>In just two months, a V8 engine with 50 hp at 900 rpm was developed in the small Puteaux factory. This time, the engine operated correctly, and several units were built (around a dozen). Santos-Dumont successfully used it in his first flights in Bagatelle in October and November 1906, with numbers 17 and 18.</div><div><br /></div><div>Practically all French aviators adopted this engine, driven by Dumont's successes. The engine was surprisingly light compared to the power it delivered - in an advertisement from that time, a man is depicted carrying a 16-cylinder engine block on his back without much effort.</div><div><br /></div><div>Levavasseur introduced a new V8 engine with 24 hp, weighing only 36 kg, and a V16 with 100 hp, weighing 150 kg.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Controls of S=D #18</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Extrapolating how Dumont piloted his hydroglisseur implies assuming that the hydraulic system described above was indeed used, given that the assumptions above are correct.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont, piloting his Hydroglisseur #18, demonstrated mastery in using the complex hydraulic system to control the elevation, direction, and tilt of the vessel on the water. Positioned at the stern, the pilot handled the steering wheel similar to the automobiles of that time, like the 1907 Renault.</div><div><br /></div><div>Initiating the aquatic experience, Dumont started the engine with a button located in front of the steering wheel. The propeller's gearing was skillfully performed through a lever positioned to his left. The aviator (now a ship captain) not only navigated the waters but also elevated himself to a new level of control by exploring the hydraulic system.</div><div><br /></div><div>To steer the vessel to the right or left, Dumont adjusted the altitude on the water's surface using the steering wheel connected to a system that activated pistons. This system, analogous to the wings of an airplane, moved the port and starboard fins. When desiring to turn right, the pilot adjusted the left fin for elevation and the right fin for descent, providing refined control over the Hydroglisseur's trajectory (possibly this control was not so efficient, as in some photos Dumont appears to be manipulating a tail rudder).</div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, Santos=Dumont navigated not only on the waters but shaped his course with precision, exploring the nuances of the innovative hydraulic system he introduced.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhY8PEO_fXrW_7QiG6xDjw8DPOTuvBsW2Km35lPjwDaw-Aw18VRKXnrfp1K5boXyqMwTh4tSLIkWwW-fdWLeLM4xHcO9b1wnb1NHEvdjyuAksSBO41kme8XCyFPJvXTkz8Wa5yPqIDyL0pIJ7EYdtOa1WQExXGVB51VTm1d72guL0DuZlG2kmNWi2fqz92/s1329/Controles%20do%20N18.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="998" data-original-width="1329" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhY8PEO_fXrW_7QiG6xDjw8DPOTuvBsW2Km35lPjwDaw-Aw18VRKXnrfp1K5boXyqMwTh4tSLIkWwW-fdWLeLM4xHcO9b1wnb1NHEvdjyuAksSBO41kme8XCyFPJvXTkz8Wa5yPqIDyL0pIJ7EYdtOa1WQExXGVB51VTm1d72guL0DuZlG2kmNWi2fqz92/w640-h480/Controles%20do%20N18.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><div>It's important to note that the tests with the hydrofoils were conducted when #18 was towed by a high-speed boat.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Hydroplanes and Hydrofoils</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Needless to say, Dumont had not just 20 inventions because, considering all the solutions and achievements conceived, the number of creations easily surpasses 300.</div></div><div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMTeRAjlp9sCbfKWFelW5WWLlCVxeAXUV7XWgWVG6KfZyKpGT9afIuRypK0h0uLrhOtha9tIndYg6Ay46Nvlpv6fwvmHgryqJK2yURWgPSJ8L8iokstBphYV8o1y2cudY72pZx8HuCQeKlKVZCJxK7fGGcy1MPe5_e-Zv5nRQgCNpnbtBp0zOZlNnMMRbB/s2666/A%20Histo%CC%81ria%20dos%20Hidroplanadores.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMTeRAjlp9sCbfKWFelW5WWLlCVxeAXUV7XWgWVG6KfZyKpGT9afIuRypK0h0uLrhOtha9tIndYg6Ay46Nvlpv6fwvmHgryqJK2yURWgPSJ8L8iokstBphYV8o1y2cudY72pZx8HuCQeKlKVZCJxK7fGGcy1MPe5_e-Zv5nRQgCNpnbtBp0zOZlNnMMRbB/w640-h480/A%20Histo%CC%81ria%20dos%20Hidroplanadores.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Above left, a drawing of the first British patent granted in 1869 to Emmanuel Denis Farcot, of his hydroplane with lateral fins; on the left, the test of the Fenaille hydroplane on the Seine River in the late 1920s, with an aerial propeller of 5m x 2.25m. Below, the modern W-Foil, reaching a constant speed of 40 knots, with incredible fuel consumption ranging from 7 to 10 gallons per hour, can keep the unique laser-cut fir wood hull above the surface. The company plans to organize classic races with the twelve units currently in production.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>Both the hydroplane and hydrofoil had been patented during Dumont's time; however, he conducted the first practical tests on existing ideas. The first evidence of a hydrofoil on a ship appears in a British patent granted in 1869 to Emmanuel Denis Farcot, a Parisian, who "by adapting to the sides and bottom of the vessel a series of inclined planes or wedge-shaped pieces, which as the vessel advances will have the effect of lifting it in the water and reducing drag."</div><div><br /></div><div>Italian inventor Enrico Forlanini began working on hydrofoils in 1898 and used a "stair" system of fins. Forlanini obtained patents in Britain and the United States for his ideas and designs.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><div>With Number 18, for instance, Dumont conceived and tested dozens of devices and solutions; the hydroglisseur is undoubtedly a strong supporter of this argument. It was a true package of inventions, including the hydraulic system for the movement and stability of the fins, the hydrofoil to reduce water drag and achieve higher speeds, and the direction control with hydraulic pistons, among many other solutions that unfortunately got lost in time.</div><div><br /></div><div>After Dumont's contributions, other pioneers also incorporated hydrofoils into their vessels, playing a crucial role in the evolution of this means of transportation.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisX6rN1DeqvJmFQuXne5X1G9bCTeWNwcS0HGpedLCGIWKbp3vw2fCO30JtsTRfmPqPvIucV2GXZ7VhufhmSbV32ZzR-NIEiMs4Ku-tW2v_KSn5hBHHdbqjjGOx0wsE4aFtD8dMVTDKUmz-LERc-AAx8tPJYGGt37A2yGsw_7UlWh96dKFdTvD6YA01sMz0/s512/Les%20Chantiers%20Tellier.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="356" data-original-width="512" height="446" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisX6rN1DeqvJmFQuXne5X1G9bCTeWNwcS0HGpedLCGIWKbp3vw2fCO30JtsTRfmPqPvIucV2GXZ7VhufhmSbV32ZzR-NIEiMs4Ku-tW2v_KSn5hBHHdbqjjGOx0wsE4aFtD8dMVTDKUmz-LERc-AAx8tPJYGGt37A2yGsw_7UlWh96dKFdTvD6YA01sMz0/w640-h446/Les%20Chantiers%20Tellier.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Auguste Tellier founded 'Les Chantiers Tellier' in 1870, a shipyard for luxury, high-speed boats in La Rapée, Paris.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>From the pioneering work of Les Chantiers Tellier to contemporary creations like modern hydrofoil racing boats, hovercraft gliding on an air cushion with rear propellers, and airboats maneuvering through the shallow waters of the Everglades, technology has evolved considerably.</div><div><br /></div><div>The current applications of hydrofoils range from passenger transport to competition boats, highlighting the versatility and efficiency of this technology over the years.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>But in the end, who broke the 100 km/h record on water?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont's initiative to attempt breaking the 100 km/h record on the Seine River with Hydroglisseur #18 was notably ahead of his time, even considering his genius and the incredible 100hp Antoinette engine, the most advanced and lightweight of that period.</div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFDUmyuRPZ0mkWm4l8A2utAQeZxWKqaKswBm46rGfw2T18VHXMHrtcFywVylPkT86_hXwWVxt9BdoSFfTrHB_V6qvbKgIjASZSrmWOFQOpCV8Qe_7vUREAI1XztmtFMZs2yrYCL5kyVTZLUxMa1lSz7ZzympbJnNlbEFM6QRFyYcd87kmsPT3JJmisj7I_/s2666/Quanto%20ao%20Record%20de%20100%20km.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFDUmyuRPZ0mkWm4l8A2utAQeZxWKqaKswBm46rGfw2T18VHXMHrtcFywVylPkT86_hXwWVxt9BdoSFfTrHB_V6qvbKgIjASZSrmWOFQOpCV8Qe_7vUREAI1XztmtFMZs2yrYCL5kyVTZLUxMa1lSz7ZzympbJnNlbEFM6QRFyYcd87kmsPT3JJmisj7I_/w640-h480/Quanto%20ao%20Record%20de%20100%20km.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Don Aronow not only broke the 100 km/h record in 1967 but also created the Magnum brand, a legendary icon in the high-speed luxury boat market.</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>The real achievement of the challenge to reach 100 km/h on water occurred in 1967 when Don Aronow piloted his 27-foot Maltese Magnum with two MerCruiser outboard engines of 255 HP each in the Miami-Nassau Power Boat Race. He reached an incredible speed of 58.4 knots (approximately 108.15 km/h) in waves of 2 to 3 meters high, securing the record.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtOlRQQw9PtDO7X4K_ijI70mbu5ptrh9kDJFIvpB9GCqCO1CSzYg-ug67UgUrjBF4IO_Q6OgyxRV5CKvMbU8fEJQYaR1vTMC2XbCortTqcgxaPxp49zyZL7y7H6llMjEGPU6ZrgRXlMHTwyqQS-29fpAqi_-EdXC3zT_Fds0zr7n3-UlvnkeRVAsCR4iM/s938/Santos%20Dumont%20e%20a%20Edna%20Powers%20com%20o%20n%2018%20hydroglisseur%20f.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="713" data-original-width="938" height="486" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtOlRQQw9PtDO7X4K_ijI70mbu5ptrh9kDJFIvpB9GCqCO1CSzYg-ug67UgUrjBF4IO_Q6OgyxRV5CKvMbU8fEJQYaR1vTMC2XbCortTqcgxaPxp49zyZL7y7H6llMjEGPU6ZrgRXlMHTwyqQS-29fpAqi_-EdXC3zT_Fds0zr7n3-UlvnkeRVAsCR4iM/w640-h486/Santos%20Dumont%20e%20a%20Edna%20Powers%20com%20o%20n%2018%20hydroglisseur%20f.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">It's fascinating to observe Santos=Dumont's rare smile captured alongside Edna Powers in the photo of No 18. This moment speaks volumes about the unique joy Dumont found in his invention, which is my favorite, a striking testament to his passions</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Don Aronow was an extraordinary figure, a master boat builder behind legendary brands like Magnum, Cigarette, and Donzi. The movie "Speed Kills" with John Travolta highlights his achievements in the world of high-speed boats, although it dramatizes some events, such as Aronow's tragic death, presented in the film with exaggerations and alterations for added drama.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzkpYkxE_kkTUmsICcbsKLQ6syH7JTUnPBQUHMxUT48UTmAEYwdULICqukuyS2q6Rb-gXz1PkIIOYixRslAqTBE11gPEf1KEfSutcnBToaOLGSTnhtSpLza9w24OXqQf5GWFzXf3YoCPYYzdPI-ZIhV9MS73w0UkoKe83drWPdPSSWRWaUzKONtD0wNyYR/s2666/SD%20N%2018%20Possi%CC%81vel%20Inspirac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20Para%20o%20Naboo%20N1%20%20Star%20Wars%20Phantom%20Menace.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzkpYkxE_kkTUmsICcbsKLQ6syH7JTUnPBQUHMxUT48UTmAEYwdULICqukuyS2q6Rb-gXz1PkIIOYixRslAqTBE11gPEf1KEfSutcnBToaOLGSTnhtSpLza9w24OXqQf5GWFzXf3YoCPYYzdPI-ZIhV9MS73w0UkoKe83drWPdPSSWRWaUzKONtD0wNyYR/w640-h480/SD%20N%2018%20Possi%CC%81vel%20Inspirac%CC%A7a%CC%83o%20Para%20o%20Naboo%20N1%20%20Star%20Wars%20Phantom%20Menace.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div>The Number 18 is undoubtedly my favorite invention of Santos-Dumont, mainly because it conveys the feeling of incredible super-fast luxury boats, as well as its bold and unique design, which likely inspired George Lucas in conceiving the Naboo N-1, piloted by Anakin Skywalker in the fourth film of the franchise, "Star Wars Episode I: Phantom Menace."</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoNaoc6wjiDJfTrynVBSWbGH0clO77FbPZePFTGalm1eHpC66_yJjWoSoPJCg2B5E0AhECE33UMPl3GtFu2jFdUYXNxlLwchOzQ0rJtjF2S-Bi8_T3RF2Td9rF8V8mPhyBrLqBQt5efFXEjj-zUWDlcbKjUwNKpBkKxNq_JMwaxQN4nXBESUVL34V9QOTC/s1934/SD%20n%20!8%20e%20o%20Naboo%20N-1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1924" data-original-width="1934" height="636" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoNaoc6wjiDJfTrynVBSWbGH0clO77FbPZePFTGalm1eHpC66_yJjWoSoPJCg2B5E0AhECE33UMPl3GtFu2jFdUYXNxlLwchOzQ0rJtjF2S-Bi8_T3RF2Td9rF8V8mPhyBrLqBQt5efFXEjj-zUWDlcbKjUwNKpBkKxNq_JMwaxQN4nXBESUVL34V9QOTC/w640-h636/SD%20n%20!8%20e%20o%20Naboo%20N-1.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Is it so?</td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>The Santos-Dumont Hydroplaner #18 remains a symbol of its creator's ingenuity and audacity, inspiring not only aviation but also contributing to the evolution of hydroplanes and amphibious vessels. </div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2024/01/especulacoes-sobre-o-funcionamento-e.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>As we explore the origins and speculations surrounding Number 18, we gain a deeper appreciation for the innovations that shaped the course of aeronautical and naval history.</div></div><div><br /></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-84221358008926935932023-09-12T08:26:00.012-07:002023-09-13T04:18:32.880-07:00Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud and the First Flight in Latin America<div style="text-align: left;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUtTGV5sp_N6pH4-VjQYC0GtE4EEAstPwQy9hcApSpX_WjNVmFepu56B9D1Tz2qmJi01jqbQMV9b4ZBso1O4N6c7_I-2tf3IUHA5ZAfwSRUn7TwW7HHyshHD1x6cpcpCT_dp1R0rANXadnPLItUeP40dqIn_r2RX37WVNTi0tAk8sufC1_V2KLmfDeISk/s2940/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD%20AND%20THE%20FIRST%20FLIGHT%20IN%20BRAZIL.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2205" data-original-width="2940" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUtTGV5sp_N6pH4-VjQYC0GtE4EEAstPwQy9hcApSpX_WjNVmFepu56B9D1Tz2qmJi01jqbQMV9b4ZBso1O4N6c7_I-2tf3IUHA5ZAfwSRUn7TwW7HHyshHD1x6cpcpCT_dp1R0rANXadnPLItUeP40dqIn_r2RX37WVNTi0tAk8sufC1_V2KLmfDeISk/w640-h480/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD%20AND%20THE%20FIRST%20FLIGHT%20IN%20BRAZIL.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Plan of the first plane built in Brazil by Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud, which took off on Avenida Autonomistas in 1910 and the Osasco Museum in 1980, with the 'São Paulo' in the garage.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>In 1980 I lived with my family in Parque Continental, near Osasco, São Paulo. It was during this period that I experienced a moment that would shape my fascination with aviation.</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/09/dimitri-sensaud-de-lavaud-o-primeiro.html">leia este zartigo em Portugês</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>A renovation and redesign in our house raised big amount of dust in the air, caused me breathing problems and as part of the treatment my mother regularly took me to a clinic on Avenida Autonomistas to have x-rays - in the way, something always caught my attention.</div></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFxHsi_Qq7a0OtQEGhfdNxMsAC0f3Dep3hobDHGssausZi5uyrhl-5q98bOEUahWANZNEJWNwTdG33kfjLrbEg37_iHZpvVgmOa6hGOzkungKmpXOYeiltnsGzKi5Zjp5UhSlGLWGloBM63Bbpi---XzHtf_gQBrYUeKOwzgZTLghNpBDdmExFzhbxmfWx/s1632/avenida%20um.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1632" data-original-width="1632" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFxHsi_Qq7a0OtQEGhfdNxMsAC0f3Dep3hobDHGssausZi5uyrhl-5q98bOEUahWANZNEJWNwTdG33kfjLrbEg37_iHZpvVgmOa6hGOzkungKmpXOYeiltnsGzKi5Zjp5UhSlGLWGloBM63Bbpi---XzHtf_gQBrYUeKOwzgZTLghNpBDdmExFzhbxmfWx/w640-h640/avenida%20um.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Avenida Um (today Antonio de Souza Noschese, in Parque Continental, where Luiz Pagano lived in the 1970s/80s</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>When the car left Av. João Batista towards Avenida Autonomistas, there was a very old plane, parked in the garage of a beautiful house. It was an old experimental aircraft that looked like it came out of a Jules Verne book.</div><div><br /></div><div>In those moments my imagination was flying high, I thought I had Alberto Santos=Dumont's first plane before my eyes, until my father clarified it, saying that it wasn't the 14th Bis, and that all that was left of him was the basket (I was outraged).</div><div><br /></div><div>That was the former residence of Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud, recently transformed into the Osasco Museum, Lavaud was the first man to fly in Brazil – yes, the first flight in Latin America took place right there, on Avenida Autonomistas, right next to my house . The emotion I felt upon discovering this became the seed of my love for aviation - the first flight in Latin America had taken place 70 years ago, just a few meters from home.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5uZpj6pddx76sZMRMwEfBqr5iQlTpVuC8Xy-4_YIQoboIoq7qNqrls48sit5dfcDFNRNZ6c5WWi3CY_HnGaOfjlAlSYWnrWvTmaD5TeScEKYUldjgOxQHuSfaEUI7DTyYXf3jfvfnKLC0h12NCmkOJXzDP9nJxGt-ONPTV3rJ16_7TUf4NRm1jDBFLEb2/s1632/museu%20de%20osasco.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1632" data-original-width="1632" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5uZpj6pddx76sZMRMwEfBqr5iQlTpVuC8Xy-4_YIQoboIoq7qNqrls48sit5dfcDFNRNZ6c5WWi3CY_HnGaOfjlAlSYWnrWvTmaD5TeScEKYUldjgOxQHuSfaEUI7DTyYXf3jfvfnKLC0h12NCmkOJXzDP9nJxGt-ONPTV3rJ16_7TUf4NRm1jDBFLEb2/w640-h640/museu%20de%20osasco.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Osasco Museum with the plane parked in the garage in 1980. Antônio Agú built, commissioned by Giovanni Brícola, the chalet at Avenida dos Autonomistas, 4001, which was also the residence of Baron Evaristhe Sensaud de Lavaud, and his son, Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud (honored by the name of the museum), a naturalized Brazilian engineer, who made the little-known First Flight of Latin America, piloting the plane SÃO PAULO, on January 7, 1910.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>For years I wanted to visit the Osasco Museum to learn more about the history of that plane and, finally, my wish came true, my father took me to the museum, and that visit was a milestone in my life, I was fascinated by exhibitions that told the aviation history, from Santos=Dumont to local pioneers like Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud.</div><div><br /></div><div>The history of aviation in Brazil is full of notable events. Although Santos=Dumont made history flying in France, it was ironic that a Frenchman, Lavaud, became a key figure in the history of Brazilian aviation. On January 7, 1910, he built the first plane entirely designed on Brazilian soil, named "São Paulo", which made its historic flight in Osasco, in front of a group of onlookers and journalists, a crucial chapter in the city's rich history. . . and aviation in Brazil.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0QhC8rSk4rwWHT5J2Zdv-Fi_P9hCQbMQNAYJzveIRtbAMMefmUrVRJc5PPxjZfbOu_P2HswV4uZu0akdupfqrRsYt76_wfn9FSg6_DkI8b6-ACELvn2__MkFV1vGCGE3fcJVBxZNnAW-Y9oKRDwKtK9LUtp9UbSNqAIDN-neI1IKf6PqDTkh3_vGTinyJ/s1640/Luiz%20Pagano%201980.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1640" data-original-width="1640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0QhC8rSk4rwWHT5J2Zdv-Fi_P9hCQbMQNAYJzveIRtbAMMefmUrVRJc5PPxjZfbOu_P2HswV4uZu0akdupfqrRsYt76_wfn9FSg6_DkI8b6-ACELvn2__MkFV1vGCGE3fcJVBxZNnAW-Y9oKRDwKtK9LUtp9UbSNqAIDN-neI1IKf6PqDTkh3_vGTinyJ/w640-h640/Luiz%20Pagano%201980.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Luiz Pagano in 1980 at Parque Continental, near Osasco</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div><div><b>Who was Dimitri</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud was born in Valladolid, Spain on September 18, 1882, he came to live in Osasco in 1898 brought by his father, Baron Evariste Sensaud de Lavaud and, by his mother, the Russian Alexandrina de Bogdanoff. He married Bertha Rachoud, a Brazilian of French descent, in 1903, and from this union they had three children: Georgeth, Robert and Gabrielle.</div><div><br /></div><div>On January 7, 1910, Dimitri flew the "SÃO PAULO" airplane, which he designed and built himself. It reached a height of 3 to 4 meters from the ground, covering around 105 meters in 6 seconds and 18 tenths, starting from the terrain where the intercession of the Av. dos Autonomistas with Avenida João Batista, flew over Avenida dos Autonomistas, in Osasco, Greater São Paulo, for more than six seconds, making an abrupt landing afterwards.</div><div><br /></div><div>According to the newspaper O Correio Paulistano, he slid for 70 meters before taking off. The uninjured aviator was applauded by those present at the occasion.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi03vo-sFs2CWs4JfE4Zo6va9owJJvtbFrHDMolwd14ROPh5owY7ARQHHTmqrI_Ywv8hIQ-BgcMZYjOZJVr4vp6lTMAQLkYXd6hdDaWtsB8TN3YqzmcMFibbw4_YiCmexMouuAxsZCU13IeDt-7XtZBfVD2tJ-lXCMxSTdD-t89PGK1LUYQVjFIyTy_x_l/s1478/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD%20VOO%20EM%20OSASCO.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="938" data-original-width="1478" height="406" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi03vo-sFs2CWs4JfE4Zo6va9owJJvtbFrHDMolwd14ROPh5owY7ARQHHTmqrI_Ywv8hIQ-BgcMZYjOZJVr4vp6lTMAQLkYXd6hdDaWtsB8TN3YqzmcMFibbw4_YiCmexMouuAxsZCU13IeDt-7XtZBfVD2tJ-lXCMxSTdD-t89PGK1LUYQVjFIyTy_x_l/w640-h406/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD%20VOO%20EM%20OSASCO.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">January 7, 1910, Dimitri and curious onlookers check the “SÃO PAULO” after abrupt landing on Avenida dos Autonomistas, in Osasco.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>At the time, his achievement was widely publicized in the press, making him well-known. But, over the years, the story was forgotten, and today, as happened with Santos=Dumont and the Wrights, many credit the Mexican pilot Alberto Braniff (1884–1966) with carrying out the first Latin American flight.</div><div><br /></div><div>Dimitri also flew in São Paulo with another airplane, a Blériot purchased from Giulio Piccolo, an Italian aviator who had an accident and died in São Paulo, in 1910. Dimitri's flight with this airplane took place in the area where the Palestra Stadium would be built in the future. Italy, today known as Antarctica Park, on February 19, 1911.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwFusXy2R4vAFZwVdRxfMeOraqWX_cjc7DK4VNLPg5GLf1XzECWpgj6-PZJA9pKlDZwXe_x9Ee4dVZt3rbh8tNaMAuAaRwFj1K0m8QT6yyrab6tpD_K60u11_Pm1QBJe8OK4KViDlnihV31KlcbuewWkDhuAnBwStaG_pg4RUOjQSLLI_5Wfh5EeKjwCsk/s1500/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="984" data-original-width="1500" height="420" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwFusXy2R4vAFZwVdRxfMeOraqWX_cjc7DK4VNLPg5GLf1XzECWpgj6-PZJA9pKlDZwXe_x9Ee4dVZt3rbh8tNaMAuAaRwFj1K0m8QT6yyrab6tpD_K60u11_Pm1QBJe8OK4KViDlnihV31KlcbuewWkDhuAnBwStaG_pg4RUOjQSLLI_5Wfh5EeKjwCsk/w640-h420/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">January 7, 1910, Dimitri on board the “SÃO PAULO” shortly before takeoff on Avenida dos Autonomistas, in Osasco.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>In addition to being an aviator, Dimitri was a prolific inventor and an important character of the 20th century. With more than a thousand registered patents, he revolutionized the global metal tube industry and brought innovations to other industries, such as the automobile and the aviation industry itself.</div><div><br /></div><div>The event is usually remembered in Osasco, where flags are sometimes raised in honor of the aviator's achievements. Dimitri's great-granddaughter, Fabiana Martine, and Lourenço Pellegatti's grandson, Caio Pellegatti, who was one of Dimitri's great friends and mechanic, were present at the 2020 event. The aviator lived in Osasco.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>More than 100 Patents and Inventions</b></div><div><br /></div><div>After becoming a naturalized Brazilian (1916), he moved to Canada and resided definitively in France from the 1920s onwards. In 1925 he was decorated as Knight of the Legion of Honor by the Paris Academy of Sciences in recognition of his value your research.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYlRmr-jG4Z7L48addgUvAihhlqfOTanjUCT_94ZmQHT9MXsjLaIXTdZs7j4ER3GIscrfC-M4OjY36ZmD02nl93Ev9qAm3yLEJMBlxsdbf7HmiqDV2bgUDxw3ewc_gVEySiZziwCsYFAUIlDD3rXTuxiVn7kegQ8b6JwqmmZAic4Nq1dVunzzpk7s6FKgT/s2940/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD%20INVENTIONS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2205" data-original-width="2940" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYlRmr-jG4Z7L48addgUvAihhlqfOTanjUCT_94ZmQHT9MXsjLaIXTdZs7j4ER3GIscrfC-M4OjY36ZmD02nl93Ev9qAm3yLEJMBlxsdbf7HmiqDV2bgUDxw3ewc_gVEySiZziwCsYFAUIlDD3rXTuxiVn7kegQ8b6JwqmmZAic4Nq1dVunzzpk7s6FKgT/w640-h480/DIMITRI%20SENSAUD%20DE%20LAVAUD%20INVENTIONS.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Sensaud de Lavaud had more than 100 registered patents, including the "Turbine"</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /><div><div>Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud was a passionate inventor and engineer who played a notable role in the automobile industry, his innovations included the creation of a revolutionary centrifugal casting process, which significantly improved the production of ceramic tubes. Furthermore, Dimitri designed his own car with a continuous automatic transmission, an extraordinary technological achievement for the time.</div><div><br /></div><div>In the 1930s, Dimitri established a partnership and friendship with André Citroën, the renowned automobile manufacturer. Together, they collaborated in testing the hydraulic automatic transmission developed by Dimitri, known as the "Turbine", installing it in Citroën vehicles. The notable feature of the "Turbine" was its smooth running, making the car's progress and acceleration extremely smooth, as well as eliminating vibrations transmitted by the rubber engine mounts.</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1932, Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud exhibited his innovative car and "Turbine" transmission at the Paris Fair. Its advanced technology attracted the attention of the public and automobile enthusiasts, although the "Turbine" transmission had many advantages such as driving smoothness, it also faced challenges such as slower acceleration, higher fuel consumption compared to gearboxes manuals and transmission oil overheating problems on prolonged inclines.</div><div><br /></div><div>Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud stood out as a passionate inventor and his contribution to the automobile industry left an important mark on its history of innovation and technology.</div><div><br /></div><div>Unjustly arrested for having collaborated during World War II, Dimitri was accused of collaborating with Adolf Hitler's regime. He was released on June 8, 1945, after 8 months in prison thanks to an effort by Brazilian diplomacy. Even after being acquitted, he never regained the joy of living, he died depressed and impoverished, at the age of 64. His body is buried in the Neuilly-sur-Seine cemetery, near Paris.</div><div><br /></div><div>There is no information available that indicates a direct meeting between Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud and Alberto Santos-Dumont, the famous Brazilian aviation pioneer. Both were notable figures in their respective fields of interest, with Santos-Dumont being known for his contributions to aviation and Dimitri Sensaud de Lavaud for his work in the automobile industry and technological innovations. Although their activities occurred at the same time and both were prolific inventors, there appears to be no record of a significant interaction between the two.</div><div><br /></div><div>---</div><div><br /></div><div>My excitement about visiting the Osasco Museum and learning about this unique history was a memorable moment. This passion led me to continue exploring the world of aviation and eventually to volunteer at the Air Force Museum, in Oca do Ibirapuera in 1984, alongside Ada Rogato. There, I had the honor of contributing to the preservation of aviation history by helping to clean planes, an experience that has become a valuable part of my personal journey.</div><div><br /></div><div>Lavaud's plane, seen on the edge of Av. Autonomistas, has become an icon in my life, a constant reminder that dreams can take off anywhere, including in our own backyard.</div></div></div></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-46537237372398920812023-08-18T05:30:00.018-07:002023-08-18T07:56:36.301-07:00THE DEATH OF SANTOS DUMONT<div style="text-align: left;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4Vscxfd3nxYRqrUMj_uunlLf2gy1qBt-_QqVbZbTE0YSF7BTJoWQM92VrkaSeW1xyl2hw8lel6Gk2_xdGdVf9IzFATSst7dItvnSBwykAnFM53_YplbAGh2SodnXdAMgzI69HSC2ZtAXtxxjCO7RBwJqUC5RJuyYIlwJP-yNpllY1rQr-d-H1ErcAU3o/s1502/the%20death%20of%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4Vscxfd3nxYRqrUMj_uunlLf2gy1qBt-_QqVbZbTE0YSF7BTJoWQM92VrkaSeW1xyl2hw8lel6Gk2_xdGdVf9IzFATSst7dItvnSBwykAnFM53_YplbAGh2SodnXdAMgzI69HSC2ZtAXtxxjCO7RBwJqUC5RJuyYIlwJP-yNpllY1rQr-d-H1ErcAU3o/w640-h480/the%20death%20of%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">In the photo above we see the famous hearse that transported the body of Santos=Dumont, as well as three emblematic moments of the day of his burial: 1- the crowd carrying his coffin; 2- The passage alongside Avenida Rio Branco, which he affectionately mention to Yoanda Penteado in one 1928 photo and 3- The deluge caused by the torrential rain that fell on the day of his burial. Rua General Polydoro appears to be completely flooded and part of the ceremonies had to be cancelled.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div>It is very difficult for someone who writes about the ‘Wonderful Life of Santos=Dumont”, to talk about his death. But 15 years after the beginning of this blog, at the request of readers, here goes my research on the subject.</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/08/morte-de-santos-dumont.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>I would like to start and end this article with the beautiful words of Henrique Dumont Villares, his nephew:</div><div><br /></div><div>WHO GAVE MAN WINGS - 1953</div><div><br /></div><div>“...From São Paulo, which, at the poignant moment of this passage, found itself isolated from the rest of the world by force of the armed movement, the unexpected, heartbreaking news departed and rumbled far away.</div><div><br /></div><div>Expressions of regret were universal. Then, on July 25, the government of Brazil decreed “national mourning for three days, for the death of Alberto Santos=Dumont”, noting, on his “considerations”, that “the Brazilian Alberto Santos=Dumont, inventor of the direction of balloons and mechanical flight, providing humanity with new devices for its development, tightened ties between nations and cooperated for peace and solidarity among peoples, thus becoming worthy of the gratitude of Brazil, whose name it honored and glorified ”.</div><div><br /></div><div>Incidentally, this was not just a national mourning: it was a universal one. He was a genius that the whole world missed. Forever closed his wings who gave wings to man.</div><div><br /></div><div>---</div><div><br /></div><div>We can start this report with the sad note of July 9, 1932, Santos=Dumont followed the news of the confrontation in Praça da República, between members of the Getulist Revolutionary Legion, founded by Miguel Costa, and people contrary to what the Legion defended.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTo1smV_R2A7N8GOKonQbUPs3Qt3mZXyogcAJpSjwIrhm5EiUEKcBIMq5ORtbCWg1it483kRUID_bTLjTxWmmz6uzRmq0Uf3D27k0mfBqeoQdbcbQ7bAeausxPrx_W_EOSV8hpXQcES-BExswgHB-kcVg1CNwU9_pmCUHwZ_4yAe76BSUgd_ovyJtVxhs/s1502/A%20morte%20de%20Santos%20Dumont%20suspeitas.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTo1smV_R2A7N8GOKonQbUPs3Qt3mZXyogcAJpSjwIrhm5EiUEKcBIMq5ORtbCWg1it483kRUID_bTLjTxWmmz6uzRmq0Uf3D27k0mfBqeoQdbcbQ7bAeausxPrx_W_EOSV8hpXQcES-BExswgHB-kcVg1CNwU9_pmCUHwZ_4yAe76BSUgd_ovyJtVxhs/w640-h480/A%20morte%20de%20Santos%20Dumont%20suspeitas.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">According to the October 24, 1932 article, since that time, the suspicion of suicide had been on the agenda.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>In this clash, where even weapons of war were used, the young men from São Paulo Miragaia, Martins, Dráusio and Camargo died, which would give rise to the acronym MMDC that brought together the revolutionary conspirators, and also to an unprecedented armed confrontation in the history of São Paulo. </div><div><br /></div><div>It was the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932. The State of São Paulo was leading a revolt against Getúlio Vargas, who, in his view, had assumed power in an undemocratic manner. Dissatisfaction increased due to Vargas' appointment of an external intervenor for São Paulo.</div><div><br /></div><div>Liberal elites in São Paulo demanded elections and a new Constitution, but this did not happen.</div><div><br /></div><div>It was then that aviation played an important role; Federal Government had about 58 aircraft at dutry for Navy and the Army, while São Paulo rebels had only two Potez and two Waco planes, in addition to some other planes used in truism.</div><div><br /></div><div>Another plane was obtained by the rebels with the desertion of Lieutenant Artur Mota Lima, who was bringing an aircraft from Campo dos Afonsos, in Rio de Janeiro.</div><div><br /></div><div>The "vermelhinhos", as the federal government planes were called, were used in combat to bomb cities in São Paulo, including Campinas, and also for propaganda, dropping leaflets over enemy cities and places where rebel troops were concentrated.</div><div><br /></div><div>Aircraft from the Constitutionalist Air Units (UAC), nicknamed “gaviões de penhacho” (crested hawks), had limited participation.</div><div><br /></div><div>During the 1932 Revolution, despite aircraft limitations, aviation performed two remarkable feats: on September 21, it attacked Moji-Mirim and disabled five of the seven federal planes before they could take off; and on September 24, three "Gaviãos de Penacho" attacked the ironclad Rio Grande do Sul in Santos to relax the blockade of the port.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZK1JuuBDNgOljCopzEpjltphTAzL5co8B-gUfgsEhaiZ9vJJYVUQA_ZhKWVE04P1NMT5EmgdgKKI2yWxc-pDDdsN7Cuh4rH0go8VIzJE-LY6VewVQrmhsQWovwvkyOLQjhhLhzBlDTnGxoq0XxbPf1VR3d3ZXLuByOKfLxWia16vdcWJZTsAKXrUjUsI/s1502/Airplanes%20in%20the%20Brazilian%20Revolution%20of%201932.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZK1JuuBDNgOljCopzEpjltphTAzL5co8B-gUfgsEhaiZ9vJJYVUQA_ZhKWVE04P1NMT5EmgdgKKI2yWxc-pDDdsN7Cuh4rH0go8VIzJE-LY6VewVQrmhsQWovwvkyOLQjhhLhzBlDTnGxoq0XxbPf1VR3d3ZXLuByOKfLxWia16vdcWJZTsAKXrUjUsI/w640-h480/Airplanes%20in%20the%20Brazilian%20Revolution%20of%201932.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Planes of the Brazilian Revolution of 1932 - on the legalist side there were 58 Waco CSO-5 aircraft, the so-called "Vermelhinhos" - on the São Paulo side, the UAC - União Aérea Constitucionalistas, called "Gaviões de Penacho" had, initially, two WACOs CSO and two Potez 25 TOE, later other aircraft were added like this Nieuport-Delage NiD-72 called “Negrinho”.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>--</div><div><br /></div><div><div>Our story takes place months before, on the 23rd of July, when Santos=Dumont is brutally tormented by the flights of war.</div><div><br /></div><div>The concern with the use of aircraft in war was not new, six years earlier, in 1926, Santos=Dumont had already sent a letter to the League of Nations asking for a ban on the use of aircraft as a weapon of war, even offering an amount money for whoever wrote a monograph on the subject.</div><div><br /></div><div>His request was ignored.</div><div><br /></div><div>In the face of so much pain, the inventor's death occurred at the Hotel La Plage, when his convalescence rest for a 'nervous disorder' was abruptly interrupted by the noise of planes going to their war destination - the pain became unbearable.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>The cardiac syncope version</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Even perplexed by the attacks on São Paulo, public opinion tried to understand what actually happened to Dumont, the official version, told by the press, was that Dumont had died of cardiac arrest.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><div>This is the excerpt from the obituary report of coroner Roberto Catunda:</div><div><br /></div><div>“Guarujá – Alberto Santos Dumont – 23-July-1932. Alberto Santos Dumont – Brazilian, white, single, 59 years old, inventor. Apparently, he was found dead in one of the apartments at the hotel in La Plage, in Guarujá, where he lived. It is the corpse of a man of medium height and regular build, still in a state of muscular flaccidity. He wears a black cashmere suit, black tie and black boots. We found no trace of traumatic injury on the body. Death was due to heart failure.”</div><div><br /></div><div>As we know, due to the revolution of 1932, S=D could not have his wake and burial at the moment of his death, it was then that professor at the Faculty of Medicine of São Paulo, Walter Haberfeld prepared S=D's body to keep it intact until the effective funeral, on December 22, 1932, in the tomb that he had built in the São João Batista cemetery, in Rio de Janeiro.</div><div><br /></div><div>Part of this embalming process was the removal of all internal organs. Walter discarded all the other bad organs but kept the heart preserved, "I wanted to transform the preserved heart into a physical representation of Dumont on his carnal plane". Haberfeld kept Dumont's heart secretly stored in formaldehyde for 12 years, many believe that he wanted to keep Dumont's heart as a way, in the near future, to reveal the true cause of Dumont's death.</div><div><br /></div><div>The fate of this organ was unknown until 1944 when Paulo Gomide presented it again.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiK0YoVY2WD3fTBELCAo5N7DE_-eIT2m37fdmrveyJosR3Dp0gPAE-KisndYcL5pWHK0pXfwn-SRszYMj3YFeCGKy3KEux6o2CTGTi_WLTEUHXtYmQRCDwHl69_1S9wn4lR30I1DpkFdiv9WArSRtzVQbumnPxs8bGDOhS8RWVsZhLhAwEA3u6PAuSd2s/s1502/The%20Heart%20of%20Saints%20Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiK0YoVY2WD3fTBELCAo5N7DE_-eIT2m37fdmrveyJosR3Dp0gPAE-KisndYcL5pWHK0pXfwn-SRszYMj3YFeCGKy3KEux6o2CTGTi_WLTEUHXtYmQRCDwHl69_1S9wn4lR30I1DpkFdiv9WArSRtzVQbumnPxs8bGDOhS8RWVsZhLhAwEA3u6PAuSd2s/w640-h480/The%20Heart%20of%20Saints%20Dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont's preserved heart is in a golden casket in the shape of a metallic celestial sphere, supported by an Icarus, which surrounds another crystal sphere, which, in turn, keeps the heart preserved in chemical solutions. The piece was made by Fundição Zani and has a plaque with the following inscription: ON OCTOBER 24, 1944, DURING THE "WING WEEK" CELEBRATION, DELIVERY WAS MADE BY DR. PAULO SAMPAIO, PRESIDENT OF PANAIR DO BRASIL, AD DR. SALGADO FILHO, MINISTER OF AERONAUTICS, OF THE EMBALMED HEART OF ALBERTO SANTOS DUMONT, WHICH HAD BEEN REMOVED FROM HIS BODY DURING THE AUTOPSY CARRIED OUT BY DR. WALTER HABERFELD, ON JULY 24, 1932. THE MAKEUP OF THE SCRIPT WAS INITIATIVE BY DR. PAULO SAMPAIO, AND THE ARTISTIC CONCEPTION WAS BY AMERICO MONTEROSA AND GUY EYMMINET.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>It was Asa Week, in 1944, the heart was taken to Rio de Janeiro on a flight, being delivered to the then Minister of Aeronautics, Joaquim Pedro Salgado Filho, by the president of Panair, Paulo Sampaio.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Suspected Hanging</b></div><div><br /></div><div>A significant chapter in the history of aviation and humanity was coming to an end, while the world mourned his departure, the events that followed revealed the complexity of human emotions and reactions in the face of such an important loss, at such a dark moment in the history of the Brazil. <div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVcRoaW0Y74dckUtLDQ4wU0nJie810O8nb3hfPccftpH7zRR0NuyfbM--LSztckUJUAd2-w4Aogmt325b5Sc8IcoxM9A2o9HbSq0YwYdYvK2fhyve0sTmtksX24HmDnS2lJGTS02fTsSv0MVy52370XFUQ7aAkTz8VcVbJOrV5u859UK8Fza3MDXFWlnCw/s2728/REvista%20O%20Cruzeiro%201%2011%201972.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2352" data-original-width="2728" height="552" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVcRoaW0Y74dckUtLDQ4wU0nJie810O8nb3hfPccftpH7zRR0NuyfbM--LSztckUJUAd2-w4Aogmt325b5Sc8IcoxM9A2o9HbSq0YwYdYvK2fhyve0sTmtksX24HmDnS2lJGTS02fTsSv0MVy52370XFUQ7aAkTz8VcVbJOrV5u859UK8Fza3MDXFWlnCw/w640-h552/REvista%20O%20Cruzeiro%201%2011%201972.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The important journalistic coverage of Revista O Cruzeiro, written by Edmar Morel in 1972, on the conquests and achievements of Santos=Dumont, as well as the testimony of delegate Raimundo de Menezes, sent from Santos to Guarujá on the day of his death, proving the hanging.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div>The sad event of room 151 would reverberate in a series of events. Jorge Dumont Villares, who was staying in room 152, next to his uncle and mentor, found himself facing a great challenge at that moment.</div><div><br /></div><div>Human solidarity emerges like a ray of light in the midst of darkness, friends, family and admirers came together to honor Santos=Dumont and offer comfort, however, not all reactions were permeated with respect and empathy.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsqtDdsaAp9ccBEeUgVkiT1kmjPy8QhGFzzaCuipQaGrpf9vem5ser2azhGO23ttiNs4Lji2_FamYEIN6jTQFmhKcgMXfiT5KNWAE3Vui9GH7UGpM7tUKywCkk8CzcBSi2M5OiMLQFVRHb7sU-k_AH-CVXzobOSyAJEsBRdZdNQGOa8oM00fZzTz7uVQ8x/s1502/Grand%20Hotel%20La%20Plage%20%20Guaruja%CC%81.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsqtDdsaAp9ccBEeUgVkiT1kmjPy8QhGFzzaCuipQaGrpf9vem5ser2azhGO23ttiNs4Lji2_FamYEIN6jTQFmhKcgMXfiT5KNWAE3Vui9GH7UGpM7tUKywCkk8CzcBSi2M5OiMLQFVRHb7sU-k_AH-CVXzobOSyAJEsBRdZdNQGOa8oM00fZzTz7uVQ8x/w640-h480/Grand%20Hotel%20La%20Plage%20%20Guaruja%CC%81.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Luxurious Grand Hotel La Plage, in Guarujá and some last photos of Santos=Dumont there, before the tragedy in room 151</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br />Some hotel staff, reporters and people who were present at the time, in a cruel and callous gesture, made disrespectful and morbid comments about the events that took place in Room 151. Their actions demonstrate a lack of understanding of the depth of grief and historical importance from that moment. And this generated a series of rumors and misinformation that persist to this day.</div><div><br /></div><div>But it was only on November 1, 1972 that the true story was revealed, in a historical report by Edmar Morel, author of 'The Father of Aviation', entitled “Santos=Dumont, O Gennio Torturado”, makes an overview of the conquests and glories of the inventor, as well as a surprising report by the delegate Raimundo de Menezes, sent from Santos to Guarujá on the day of his death:</div><div><br /></div><div>“One night, I received information from Guarujá that the great inventor had been found dead in the bathroom. I organized the caravan and we went there. At “Hotel La Plage”, the most elegant on that beach, we had to break down the bathroom door, through the skylight we could see the body hanging from a tie or a robe cord. Extremely thin, he was a bundle of bones.</div><div><br /></div><div>Convinced that he was to blame for the invention of the plane, which was being used to bomb his fellow countrymen, he told Edu Chaves, with whom he was staying at the hotel, that he felt distressed by it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Taking advantage of a moment of carelessness, he accomplished his intention: he hanged himself. I immediately communicated to the Chief of Police, Dr. Tirso Martins, what had happened, as well as the family's request that the body be handed over to them, without further legal procedures.</div><div><br /></div><div>Authorized, I proceeded like this, and for that reason the newspapers of the following day announced the episode as natural death, having the coroner Dr. Roberto Catunda given the attestation as such. There was no police inquiry.</div><div><br /></div><div>It was a matter of national glory. Hence the dispatch from the Secretariat of Security, at the request of the family. </div><div><br /></div><div>Here's what I know about it.”</div><div><br /></div><div>--</div><div><br /></div><div>Even with the shocking report of the police chief, who witnessed the death and put an end to the mystery and the bad words of the cruel, even today the death of Santos=Dumont is surrounded by controversy.</div><div><br /></div><div>Sophia Helena, a close relative of the aviator, had great difficulty in approaching this theme, she said something like "it seems that he killed himself" or "they say that he killed himself" in the documentary by Nelson Hoineff, script by Henrique (in the version that has 10 minutes more), as if he didn’t want to believe it.”</div><div><br /></div><div>And at the end of this hard but important article, as she said at the beginning, I end with the phrase of another relative, Henrique Dumont Villares:</div><div><br /></div><div>“And then, on July 23, 1932, his eyes, which had so often seen what we had yet to see, closed forever.”</div><div><br /></div><div>There is a speech by Leonardo Da Vince, which I consider a prayer and illustrates very well the life and death of Santos=Dumont:</div><div><br /></div><div>“Siccome una giornata bene spesa dà lieto dormie, così una vita bene usata dà lieto morire”.</div><div><br /></div><div>Just as a day well spent brings happy sleep, so a life well spent brings happy death.</div><div><br /></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-32259113309637977512023-08-08T11:57:00.010-07:002023-09-07T08:48:15.309-07:00122nd Anniversary of August 8th, the accident that made S=D win the Deutsch Prize<p><br /></p><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB3HOjS0_9QlbeIxEFy9uvqfcejIowcgDt5N20kWjBDDXABQGFu8_w1ur4zSKr8P0NXJ3IePtG7ArMfWdoaQOAfV4ABOQPH2DB-GQZUjvHaE7U6EU9dK9D8x1z3jhi5kX09zu44rFLQZO1Reu83aA-w0eJ65_f_sJHxr3zLPxoAQy_fUNH4dLnoGJ540ZV/s1438/08%20Premio%20Deutche%203.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1438" data-original-width="1121" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhB3HOjS0_9QlbeIxEFy9uvqfcejIowcgDt5N20kWjBDDXABQGFu8_w1ur4zSKr8P0NXJ3IePtG7ArMfWdoaQOAfV4ABOQPH2DB-GQZUjvHaE7U6EU9dK9D8x1z3jhi5kX09zu44rFLQZO1Reu83aA-w0eJ65_f_sJHxr3zLPxoAQy_fUNH4dLnoGJ540ZV/w498-h640/08%20Premio%20Deutche%203.jpg" width="498" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><div>The accident on the 8th of August is very important for winning the Deutsch prize and, consequently, of all the S=D achievements, no one reaches a goal if they don't get involved in doing things, accomplishing them - getting out of their comfort zone and commit to something, biographers sin and only report victories.</div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/08/a-conquista-do-premio-deitsch.html"><br /></a></span></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/08/a-conquista-do-premio-deitsch.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>It is in accidents that a solution is found to move forward, both mentally, not giving up; as scientifically, resolving scientific inconsistencies.</div><div><br /></div><div>-</div><div><br /></div><div>The 'Deutsch Prize Achievement' by Santos=Dumont marked a significant historical milestone, not only for its remarkable victory in achieving air drivability, but also for its achievement within a time limit.</div><div><br /></div><div>But like any success, it had a lot of adjustments along the way - one of them was the accident of August 8th, "8/8".</div><div><br /></div><div>-</div><div><br /></div><div>In a contest practically without competitors, due to the impressive advance of his conquests in the science of flight, Santos=Dumont built airship n. 5, equipped with a more powerful engine, to make the trip between the Parc de Saint-Cloud and the Eiffel Tower in less than thirty minutes.</div><div><br /></div><div>On October 19, 1901, Santos=Dumont masterfully flew over the Eiffel Tower, completing the challenge in 29 minutes and 30 seconds. This achievement not only established his superiority in the field of aviation, but also highlighted him as a true world celebrity. His ability to achieve drivability and meet the allotted time solidified his position as a visionary pioneer, promising to bring wings to the world.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdrjeTk4N43DBXmsrBVZ21uwP5f_5FM_jKWtuWOT2kIbTDL7lg5zQiDWOZTR3p54CvkOb_NXT60nzznFkKu7yIIF2EajUbzgccUqIbu63dET8UXiGjAdlVNzrfLy5KYC8Q6y4tcpNkpKGG9isCXHjACRI2yckY7aoMn2TfshreiRbBVyJUlXD5_FTYELuF/s1600/Chiaroscuro.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdrjeTk4N43DBXmsrBVZ21uwP5f_5FM_jKWtuWOT2kIbTDL7lg5zQiDWOZTR3p54CvkOb_NXT60nzznFkKu7yIIF2EajUbzgccUqIbu63dET8UXiGjAdlVNzrfLy5KYC8Q6y4tcpNkpKGG9isCXHjACRI2yckY7aoMn2TfshreiRbBVyJUlXD5_FTYELuF/w640-h480/Chiaroscuro.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">This photo is wonderful, it exactly describes Santos=Dumont's moment of disappointment and pain. He has just suffered the worst setback of his career, as just as he was about to win the prize, he had an accident that destroyed his aircraft. There is a natural <i>chiaroscuro</i> in the photo - from Dumont's right side the light hits the audience who love to watch his adventures in the skies of Paris and seem to say "don't give up". On her left side, people in the shadows with their heads down, seem to corroborate his pain. Thank God Dumont opted for the light - less than two months after this tragic accident, he built a new airship and finally won the prize.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>From that moment on, Santos=Dumont became an iconic and inspiring figure, a symbol of innovation and progress. His Deutsch Prize win not only propelled aviation forward, but also perpetuated his image as the man who made the dream of flying a reality, leaving a legacy that echoes through generations as a true Father of Air Exploration.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>The Princess's Blessing</b></div><div><br /></div><div>On July 13, 1901, after going around the Eiffel Tower with the N.5 Santos=Dumont, he received an invitation to go to the palace of Princess Isabel, now Countess d'Eu.</div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijTnIic9dTrESF1EdWeoj2a8WbBjpCUTppfOZrbFPl5fH_dIFuzLZbwlD8z20o3D4bOw042JDMatLNTJtCh4yzPfp0gResBcvc8yFYjIr42QI4L9AHA-AAk5N-rYmR4CbRBeVwlc_EIdvedBt5A2prE6Qzuokfd_hbIZpEeS1zm-BXTOLdsgeowG7xvvNu/s1015/Medalha%20de%20Sao%20Bento.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="834" data-original-width="1015" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijTnIic9dTrESF1EdWeoj2a8WbBjpCUTppfOZrbFPl5fH_dIFuzLZbwlD8z20o3D4bOw042JDMatLNTJtCh4yzPfp0gResBcvc8yFYjIr42QI4L9AHA-AAk5N-rYmR4CbRBeVwlc_EIdvedBt5A2prE6Qzuokfd_hbIZpEeS1zm-BXTOLdsgeowG7xvvNu/w640-h526/Medalha%20de%20Sao%20Bento.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">São Bento and São Benedito are distinct figures in history; São Bento (480 ~547 AD) was the founder of the Benedictine order, not to be confused with São Benedito, the Moor (1526 ~1589) - Both have great devotion in Brazil. Also note her Chanel cufflink. Dumont had great friendship and respect for Coco Chanel, who revolutionized the fashion world with less structured dresses.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>She was worried, like a Brazilian mother who sees her son doing acrobatics in foreign skies and decided to give him a protective amulet, a medal of São Bento that has blessed him ever since.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>The Accident That Turned Right</b></div><div><br /></div><div>On August 8, Santos=Dumont took off from the Saint-Cloud airfield, to the applause of more than 200 people who got up early to watch his feat and the Detusch Prize technical committee.</div></div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2010/09/desvendando-o-acidente-de-08-de-agosto.html"><img border="0" data-original-height="849" data-original-width="1598" height="340" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgzWnQaeyWCDBW7hUt8nhRUScYe4sDVecQHyLq5Ph3CSjlQ6mOf7AHj0CVACjh0kUoWVpkv1wRFg-Lnh8Qk_4yFIXJMRunrAvVkji06NGwCKAlL4s_YW1LuOfL1nAdoh-Q32BlqxVhhJRXojXZcH4pLsJ_i6ejmmorHXw6MO5pK5WsnwltBNvdd1Rcr7K_/w640-h340/Passy%20ontem%20hoje.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In this old photo of the Ile de Cygnes taken by Nadar, we can easily locate the building of the old Trocadero hotel, which became famous for its numerous photos with the boat on the N.5. Demolished at some point, it gave way to the twin building of the one previously built in 1901 <a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2010/09/desvendando-o-acidente-de-08-de-agosto.html">(know more)</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><span></span></div><div><br /></div><div>He needed to reach the Eiffel Tower, go around it and return to the starting point in 30 minutes, as described in the rules of the prize of 100 thousand francs offered by the Aeroclube de France.</div><div><br /></div><div>Inexplicably, the balloon began to deflate from the loss of hydrogen. Without the rigidity of the envelope, a support cable came loose, being destroyed by the airship's propeller.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont had only one option: at 200 meters high, he turned off the engine and controlled the airship as if it were a captive balloon until it fell over the Hotel Trocadero - <a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2010/09/desvendando-o-acidente-de-08-de-agosto.html">see the full sequence of the fall here.</a></div></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Santos=Dumont reports illustrated by Luiz Pagano</b></div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYdeLbEmro16RMMIZ0-WGLPBO1POPWUwWYIzzHP96Zv3pO4XUQ7731CHhXRLrZs5F5x68Q-3eLK15d3VlV_VU78LPlcpmdj_pgdR0ODVBY6H1EneczG7MKVJHwFyuOawhu2iHbIcgbgU_U/s1600-h/acidente+88+4.jpg"><img border="0" height="640" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182058425250294962" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYdeLbEmro16RMMIZ0-WGLPBO1POPWUwWYIzzHP96Zv3pO4XUQ7731CHhXRLrZs5F5x68Q-3eLK15d3VlV_VU78LPlcpmdj_pgdR0ODVBY6H1EneczG7MKVJHwFyuOawhu2iHbIcgbgU_U/w506-h640/acidente+88+4.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="506" /></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span><div><div align="justify"><span color="rgb(0 , 51 , 0)"><a href="http://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2011/06/in-beginning-of-1900-aero-club-de.html" style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: xx-small;">read this article in English</span></span></a><br /><br /><b style="font-size: 36px;">“I </b>come now to the terrible day: August 8, 1901. In the presence of the Scientific Committee of the Aero Club, I set off for the Eiffel Tower. I went around it after 9 minutes and headed towards Saint Cloud. Unfortunately, an accident had weakened the spring of one of the automatic valves and the balloon was losing hydrogen. I ventured on. The balloon constricted visibly; to such an extent that when reaching the fortifications of Paris, near La Muette, the suspension ropes arched so much that the ones closest to the propeller became hooked on the propeller in motion.<br /></span><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182058687243300034" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIXllLwZd2I9pKLk52pnZZaUi4i5fesBUJUYaF0FmihT9HlrTCUpfbI1JRxul0RZW4scm9GuShRm3_vx2uSLHZJv3wQFEinSARhPjcbdBL_4XhyphenhyphengMe3nRxdsurOgWcDGPwPpZlXlJwuk5A/s400/acidente+88+2.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" />I saw the propellers cut and rip them off. I stopped the engine.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2wXWyfB3QgVXDKnDeapznBDa_prRxac7u9MmpFDCKH94S_RyNNBxjiGvAWBMUrp5o9ql8GKC83czE-vFXCjBwwek9fKjEiWNTrreGOHVBokF9eLaNqJN2a6G4QQu458uilXRA5yM8xQ4u/s1600/acidente+88++partes+do+motor.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1192" data-original-width="1548" height="492" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2wXWyfB3QgVXDKnDeapznBDa_prRxac7u9MmpFDCKH94S_RyNNBxjiGvAWBMUrp5o9ql8GKC83czE-vFXCjBwwek9fKjEiWNTrreGOHVBokF9eLaNqJN2a6G4QQu458uilXRA5yM8xQ4u/s640/acidente+88++partes+do+motor.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><br /><div align="justify">The wind, which was blowing hard, instantly took the device to the side of the Eiffel Tower. At the same time, I fell. The gas loss was considerable.</div><div align="justify">I could have thrown off a lot of ballast and sensibly cushion the fall, but that way the wind would have had time to throw me against the ironwork of the great monument. I preferred to let the aircraft go in its own way (…)</div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdTvetbldilZRD0X_305DcD_d_dhP8Ippe6vGA7kQLnHrXZEfs05ALlidp4XYHCH2mCNCz_qwZDmT9yK64xe1gHbEPujeJa5GVnlyAVQN0Z51WWM5bT0n39ZgqTKJvA8eLTtcSypTVZ8JP/s1600-h/acidente+88+2.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5295944263069066034" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdTvetbldilZRD0X_305DcD_d_dhP8Ippe6vGA7kQLnHrXZEfs05ALlidp4XYHCH2mCNCz_qwZDmT9yK64xe1gHbEPujeJa5GVnlyAVQN0Z51WWM5bT0n39ZgqTKJvA8eLTtcSypTVZ8JP/s400/acidente+88+2.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 220px;" /></a>I fell. And the wind carried me to the Eiffel Tower (…)<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182059017955781842" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK5hm6ZUN-XSsyNUWdYNf832Gj-hPyxOXjoO7Nd9k6rJwkk8vV8lF30vpjDWCL0zRq1XVG62wH6tVSFTL7Vu7NjeWleDEZoVN1iJ1tWgPW_ArQZcqYrPYFENHk3eVmyq69CSNigR9JVRlG/s400/acidente+88+3.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" />the end of my elongated balloon, which still had all its gas, hit a roof just as I was about to cross it.</div><div align="justify"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3vxRcXHVH-lI79xIyp5jVHCe9_z5mfI0QN988SXE0alxWrH66p6pBpu6Sr2jJArPPE2enCuSwOkmBEhT1kSsm7jCBglWTKUWlp3p581M6jlx2g0DnQTt-gYBIG9CRcSAvQ5rzNaIWrsW6/s1600/acidente+88+1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="946" data-original-width="1600" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3vxRcXHVH-lI79xIyp5jVHCe9_z5mfI0QN988SXE0alxWrH66p6pBpu6Sr2jJArPPE2enCuSwOkmBEhT1kSsm7jCBglWTKUWlp3p581M6jlx2g0DnQTt-gYBIG9CRcSAvQ5rzNaIWrsW6/s640/acidente+88+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />The balloon burst, with a great noise (...)<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182060126057344258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiko1g-Gp6U9T5KnHKvoXPcQnZM_9q0AW4wlu6cOYnVsuRrQ5v3cpau4CCvL09nfWKhVt0mFTyRwH1uJLSWrZviQmJyldqrmPtmnALgHgeX7GODPdT7c2M50j62qM1Ae_N98ONV27h_UJNq/s400/acidente+88+5.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh59v118b1ticDfCc4BvRHp9rMNTYkBfIrwK2F_t5LFcg9uRww4AhIMksRzbUBNlEQwDX4e1qtcCV95eZHIQy2sFoA1u81noa_4hTsB8tvfWX3UWe_ijb9wjdE_DRU5bBeNAvsyS_zxJE7t/s1600/acidente+88+3.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="1600" height="546" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh59v118b1ticDfCc4BvRHp9rMNTYkBfIrwK2F_t5LFcg9uRww4AhIMksRzbUBNlEQwDX4e1qtcCV95eZHIQy2sFoA1u81noa_4hTsB8tvfWX3UWe_ijb9wjdE_DRU5bBeNAvsyS_zxJE7t/s640/acidente+88+3.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Thank God there was no hydrogen explosion, the shell burst like a birthday balloon, making a lot of noise.</span><br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table>A paper bag full of air, knocked against a wall, bursts, producing a great noise; well, my balloon, which wasn't small, made a noise like that, but... in a big way. </div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7nzjP-42zHztwjmYPUCf4vS9TdjJv1zTY1x-H7QRBojIjmtwkviOXUKFvFyqiI2XVpeDVII48IDqRxw6FMHhqMS6s78r998hjixPdgw7XI9JR1pkSCM7PFIlr8_sTtNgdvnEWTrvHiDps-1jDZhSvTKkC_XMoGOLFR8nhZVw0jYi4a5IyYsnJxpI-guwS/s1091/dirigivel%20no%20hotel%20trocadero.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1091" data-original-width="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7nzjP-42zHztwjmYPUCf4vS9TdjJv1zTY1x-H7QRBojIjmtwkviOXUKFvFyqiI2XVpeDVII48IDqRxw6FMHhqMS6s78r998hjixPdgw7XI9JR1pkSCM7PFIlr8_sTtNgdvnEWTrvHiDps-1jDZhSvTKkC_XMoGOLFR8nhZVw0jYi4a5IyYsnJxpI-guwS/s16000/dirigivel%20no%20hotel%20trocadero.png" /></a></div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify">It was completely destroyed.</div><div align="justify"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFnRytR5xCrnJlbvP0S9S0CSeJnTlKqwrXcGGS1-qPYeZ-etQC8bRTGa5OeoMWnYpXVU44D1NjAvhqqRo7xB6ckelVbDTYzZ-E0DcHZ6ttT0i9CzQPHhPYgm-PIObvfOY6usZS_Q_q2d03wN62HVxQszjbJKv3wRhOeFevJTlotD4UOhyi42BQd1PIKCaH/s1700/La%20Vie%20Illustree%2016%20de%20agosto%20de%201901.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1182" data-original-width="1700" height="444" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFnRytR5xCrnJlbvP0S9S0CSeJnTlKqwrXcGGS1-qPYeZ-etQC8bRTGa5OeoMWnYpXVU44D1NjAvhqqRo7xB6ckelVbDTYzZ-E0DcHZ6ttT0i9CzQPHhPYgm-PIObvfOY6usZS_Q_q2d03wN62HVxQszjbJKv3wRhOeFevJTlotD4UOhyi42BQd1PIKCaH/w640-h444/La%20Vie%20Illustree%2016%20de%20agosto%20de%201901.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">La destruction et le sauvage du Santos=Dumont N.5 - La Vie Illustrée 16 de agosto de 1901</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div align="justify"><br />There was no piece bigger than a napkin!</div><div align="justify"><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDNb4mEBidQ-s31Zj4-3LvH9NdbOSMBI2ZNmfYUoinR94DkCl_x4ElTNynG3j4mNVKAk0bmyPkDhPvEbq-pZk4UYjml6DUFTdOguvd9KYN5CGiu8Hdx3ixz1PSQR6O1EBujlVtB_ZL6saE/s1600-h/acidente+88+4.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5263302132144008770" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDNb4mEBidQ-s31Zj4-3LvH9NdbOSMBI2ZNmfYUoinR94DkCl_x4ElTNynG3j4mNVKAk0bmyPkDhPvEbq-pZk4UYjml6DUFTdOguvd9KYN5CGiu8Hdx3ixz1PSQR6O1EBujlVtB_ZL6saE/s400/acidente+88+4.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 267px;" /></a><br />I was saved by a true miracle,<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi8ZjrbDpY_26XyogqextMA_DgMPyVqHuZ5gK2Q-BthOZYT0rZndXB-rdbAiIJu7L_cUZaYCGEz6U5HxSDzWm9rHezYx1Nz1nuVXtWvLDf4oBUOKxvdpkUI0AZNXvBgjwiQ7GK5I0lwert/s1600-h/acidente+88+5.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5263302548265004066" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi8ZjrbDpY_26XyogqextMA_DgMPyVqHuZ5gK2Q-BthOZYT0rZndXB-rdbAiIJu7L_cUZaYCGEz6U5HxSDzWm9rHezYx1Nz1nuVXtWvLDf4oBUOKxvdpkUI0AZNXvBgjwiQ7GK5I0lwert/s400/acidente+88+5.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 283px;" /></a><br /><div align="justify">because I was hanging by some ropes, which were part of the balloon, in an uncomfortable and dangerous position, from which the firefighters of Paris came to rescue me”</div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify"><b>He got up, dusted himself off and made Airship Number 6</b></div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify">“I started building a new balloon and a new engine, this one a little stronger, the other a little bigger. Three weeks, counted day by day, after the last disaster, my device, number 6, was ready.</div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify">The weather, however, was still bad. On October 19, 1901, in the afternoon, as the morning was rainy, the official departure took place at 2:42 am. your direct line. I advanced by gradually raising the aircraft to an altitude of 10 meters above its peak. This maneuver wasted my time, but protected me, as far as possible, against any danger of contact with the monument.</div><div align="justify"><br /></div></div></div></div></div><div><div align="justify"><img border="0" height="432" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182101125815151922" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1SxVQMTYly8mLG5ZRcnzWnMUY8LG_0uUvxhhjFs5v8RtCiSiSR8t7CPdpVredyK1oOIY-4Ma6yPDBFXdqFft37CyWfC5Qm__za2r2H5WCNUkuqnyOyUzGECuTiIK0ughO9760Q988nxGe/w640-h432/08+Premio+Deutche+4.jpg" style="cursor: hand; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="640" />I went up again, went around the Tower, at a height of 250 meters, over a huge crowd that was parked there waiting for me.<img border="0" height="640" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182101903204232530" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbzXkC5EpOyW1JVeX6t8MylQgN2-NdI5tyCHlqosGSFBf1iUvCBrX87usbqWgDLC5qe8A57A7XGlVdG_IaHQ-n7BXAeWPgA9I-YNiACRnYOrIpC1K3Og-_zUXfqDQrZ_lEdiMGePvrtLyE/w614-h640/08+Premio+Deutche+2.jpg" style="cursor: hand; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="614" /><div align="justify">The return was delayed. The wind was contrary. The engine, which until then had behaved well, as soon as it left the Tower about 500 meters behind, threatened to stop. I had a moment of serious indecision. A quick measure had to be taken. At the risk of veering off course, I left the helm for a moment in order to concentrate my attention on the carburetor knob and the electric spark control lever.</div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify">The engine, which had almost stopped, resumed its pace.</div><div align="justify"><br /></div><div align="justify">I had just reached the Bois de Bologna. There, due to a phenomenon that all aeronauts are well aware of, the freshness of the trees began to make the balloon progressively heavier. And by unpleasant coincidence, the engine slowed down again. In such a way that the aircraft descended at the same time that the driving force became smaller. To oppose the descent I had to push back the guide-rope and the movable weights. The aircraft took a diagonal position and what was left of energy to the propeller made it remount in a continuous way.</div></div><div align="justify"><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbj_aCAZPdfSdptIP5QGChjVi30EKc2PV7iisjeuW760J-JIBq4ZBmcDygf-riiR1U420eGQrlbS0AG1E8w6Zr8NFXiyqBFE_KeV82Gu6N5N2lcX_90Pz0CazSnZ-s_aYPh-WVtj_jGJmJ/s1600/Mapa+premio+Dutsche.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5408369084633602658" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbj_aCAZPdfSdptIP5QGChjVi30EKc2PV7iisjeuW760J-JIBq4ZBmcDygf-riiR1U420eGQrlbS0AG1E8w6Zr8NFXiyqBFE_KeV82Gu6N5N2lcX_90Pz0CazSnZ-s_aYPh-WVtj_jGJmJ/s400/Mapa+premio+Dutsche.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 184px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /></a><br /><div align="justify">I had arrived at the track at the d'Auteuil racecourse. The aircraft passed over the audience, with the bow raised very high, and I could hear the applause of the huge crowd, when, suddenly, my capricious engine regained its full speed. Suddenly accelerated, the propeller, which was almost under the aircraft, so steep it was, exaggerated the inclination even more. The ovations were followed by cries of alarm.</div><div align="justify">From my exit to the moment I passed the zenith of the starting point, 29 minutes and 30 seconds elapsed. With the speed I carried, I crossed the finish line - as yachts, oil boats, racehorses, etc. do.</div><div align="justify">- , I reduced the power of the engine and tacked; then, returning, and with less speed, I maneuvered to touch the land, which I did in 31 minutes after my departure.</div><img border="0" height="640" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5182101344858484034" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3seE9DCg5pLHFJyXqe4YQRV4wUbaV6pGztZp4iDgvKoNzdW7QO-baDrxuItpJzvlMrtK7e-PtHYdQnBUeCzQFakWWO0LOUwKjjHbcv7Fy05Mf0lkdaNQDyrgQE5mvF4s3MWtwmx39a8Y6/w640-h640/08+Premio+Deutche+5.jpg" style="cursor: hand; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="640" /><br /></div><div align="justify">I still didn't know the exact time. I shouted: - I won? It was the crowd that answered me: - Yes! Well, some gentlemen wanted that to be the official time! Big controversies. I had with me all the press and people of Paris and also Son Altesse Imperiale le Prince Roland Bonaparte, president of the Scientific Commission that was going to judge the matter. The vote was in my favor.”</div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-86437165304142732072023-08-05T17:18:00.004-07:002023-08-05T17:23:13.429-07:00Le Fatum Innovative Experiment in the Search for Air Balance<div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhiofq6Fw0V9ZHpZDCw0gWFlD047Jq82pO_m9i3OIP26IQvOdehxUDqof4sbMkU0Flb6kdI1YVga0MBGvgNiIsyWCwdE0QheIpJ4Me_vHD1SFi0p5GegiyUrI1aP74B6ymMKAM9lg7Z5OWCPCqZO7ltMGduOKmj4GiJ1O7bC2JIgiRkkalS0QNNXT0SOW2/s1600/Fatum%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1235" data-original-width="1600" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhiofq6Fw0V9ZHpZDCw0gWFlD047Jq82pO_m9i3OIP26IQvOdehxUDqof4sbMkU0Flb6kdI1YVga0MBGvgNiIsyWCwdE0QheIpJ4Me_vHD1SFi0p5GegiyUrI1aP74B6ymMKAM9lg7Z5OWCPCqZO7ltMGduOKmj4GiJ1O7bC2JIgiRkkalS0QNNXT0SOW2/w640-h494/Fatum%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Le Fatum, created by Santos=Dumont and Emmanuel Aimé</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>In July 1901, a crucial meeting for aeronautical exploration was held, bringing to the scene several enthusiasts and pioneers of flight. Among those present were notable names such as Emmanuel Aimé, Alberto Santos-Dumont, Georges Besançon, and many others. The meeting was marked by an outstanding test that was conducted with the "Fatum" balloon.</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/08/fatum-experimento-inovador-na-busca.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>The "Fatum" was an auxiliary spherical balloon, built with an innovative balancing thermostat system, developed by Emmanuel Aimé and Alberto Santos-Dumont. The intent behind this pioneering test was to explore ways to control the balloon's rise and descent with greater precision, without relying entirely on traditional sand and/or water ballast.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzXYYAGAPvxAMzKbJaB3cfKr2M2fxBBd1P97a6tVI864YgXY7fRCi8k4n053eQrfwuk_Hc4xSEhF7lZ9dVBTV1XmE8CGdIytIUVPy0978KxoiOn4eRy46Nk2ofAlpxLSwUx8WX7lSWXx01B-PZmPHLdPBPGRqr8Vp7lIKVJKL2xrv1NpATiYaO2MAz3Bw3/s937/aerophil%201.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="769" data-original-width="937" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzXYYAGAPvxAMzKbJaB3cfKr2M2fxBBd1P97a6tVI864YgXY7fRCi8k4n053eQrfwuk_Hc4xSEhF7lZ9dVBTV1XmE8CGdIytIUVPy0978KxoiOn4eRy46Nk2ofAlpxLSwUx8WX7lSWXx01B-PZmPHLdPBPGRqr8Vp7lIKVJKL2xrv1NpATiYaO2MAz3Bw3/w640-h526/aerophil%201.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Test of the Fatum L'Aérophile, July 1901</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>The "Fatum" balloon had a unique configuration. With a volume of about 50 cubic meters and a diameter of 2.50 meters, the thermostatic cylinder was shaped like an auxiliary balloon made of a light material known as "frou-frou".</div><div><br /></div><div>Half of the cylinder's surface was white, while the other half was black.</div><div><br /></div><div>This cylinder was open at the bottom and closed at the top, and its structure was composed of two cylinders suspended from the sides of the main balloon, balanced by a bamboo that rested on the circumference of the balloon.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRdjin3eJ7zTzgydTgBHBI72zE1dKj-C8JyZhZU2D_OVaHrNxoFWrNZjpBbT7KwkKz1NvbLuuFRwfUaOOVhGnnvTOPmboG7bfIWZj9P8q1CqeeLuHXwtXb8Hr-0rIwoO1L99smW_IA_gbUnxsI-7tHqfOWLost8MBEqOOzaOsCMP9Wy-IqIR7Xwu2oEC6S/s932/aerophil%202.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="765" data-original-width="932" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRdjin3eJ7zTzgydTgBHBI72zE1dKj-C8JyZhZU2D_OVaHrNxoFWrNZjpBbT7KwkKz1NvbLuuFRwfUaOOVhGnnvTOPmboG7bfIWZj9P8q1CqeeLuHXwtXb8Hr-0rIwoO1L99smW_IA_gbUnxsI-7tHqfOWLost8MBEqOOzaOsCMP9Wy-IqIR7Xwu2oEC6S/w640-h526/aerophil%202.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Test of the Fatum L'Aérophile, July 1901</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>The operation of the balancing thermostat was based on the interaction of solar radiation with the thermostat's black cylinder. When the sun acted on this part, the internal air expanded, causing the system to rise to a higher altitude, which makes the thermostat efficient only on clear and sunny days.</div><div><br /></div><div>During the test, the "Fatum" was launched from the Parc d'Acrostation de l'Aero-Club, initially heading towards Sèvres. As it rose, the thermostatic cylinder was activated, raising the system to an altitude of one thousand meters. However, as the clouds passed the sun, the thermostat was temporarily disrupted.</div><div><br /></div><div>The results of the tests with the "Fatum" were impressive, but also revealing, it was clear that the balancer thermostat had a remarkable potential to control the ascent and descent of balloons, providing greater autonomy and precision, but the dependence on solar radiation limited its effectiveness. to sunny days, which presented a significant challenge.</div><div><br /></div><div>While the results of the balancer thermostat were promising, its dependence on solar conditions highlighted the need to continue the search for more effective methods of controlling balloons and aircraft. The story of "Fatum" serves as an inspiring reminder of how the courage to push boundaries and the creativity to develop unique solutions can drive progress and innovation in the quest for human flight.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Operation</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The functioning of the balancing thermostat in the form of a "frou-frou" (accordion-shaped) tube was directly linked to the regulation of the internal temperature of the "Fatum" balloon and, consequently, to the control of its ascent and descent. This balancing system was designed to exploit the properties of air heated by the sun, creating a way to control the balloon's buoyancy.</div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin95OwAGH83xuIHN8uN3-Yc1R1sga95uDq5YSu2Fw54re9OCc8QZTiDpKTihDaETux78rJc7g-ixT0SFt-CfV6x4Rj8FwVukRtrC7ZWzs4rlHD-6DC9R_rVliEOAWDsv2U3ySLzQUpwwZW2getf8wmERzjti3zsKsQUQWnfpXYNo4Rb8DCqwZ39mcfrnGa/s1600/Fatum%20subindo%20e%20descendo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1235" data-original-width="1600" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin95OwAGH83xuIHN8uN3-Yc1R1sga95uDq5YSu2Fw54re9OCc8QZTiDpKTihDaETux78rJc7g-ixT0SFt-CfV6x4Rj8FwVukRtrC7ZWzs4rlHD-6DC9R_rVliEOAWDsv2U3ySLzQUpwwZW2getf8wmERzjti3zsKsQUQWnfpXYNo4Rb8DCqwZ39mcfrnGa/w640-h494/Fatum%20subindo%20e%20descendo.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The operation of the balancing thermostat was based on the interaction of solar radiation with the auxiliary tube with black and white faces of the thermostat - when the sun heats the black side of the auxiliary balloon, the frou-frou expands and the balloon rises. And when, in turn, the tube with its white side is away from solar radiation, the air cools down and the balloon descends.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>When the black part of the thermostat, which consisted of a cylinder of light and expandable material, was exposed to direct solar radiation, it absorbed heat, causing the air inside to expand. This increase in the volume of the internal air resulted in a decrease in the density of the air inside the thermostatic cylinder, making it lighter in relation to the ambient air.</div><div><br /></div><div>With the thermostatic cylinder expanded and lighter, the tendency was for it to stretch, increasing the length of the accordion part.</div><div><br /></div><div>This stretching created an upward force, aiding in the process of lifting the "Fatum" balloon. The main balloon, in turn, was balanced by the weight of the thermostatic cylinder and other parts of the structure, as mentioned in the previous description.</div><div><br /></div><div>As the "Fatum" balloon rose and gained altitude, the thermostatic cylinder continued to absorb solar heat, remaining expanded and elongated, this resulted in a constant upward force that helped to counterbalance the weight of the main balloon and the passengers, allowing for the balloon to rise to desired altitudes.</div><div><br /></div><div>On the other hand, when the balloon needed to descend, the "frou-frou" was collected with the white part facing the sun, the cooled air became denser and heavier, reducing the thermostat's buoyancy force and allowing the balloon to begin to descend gradually.</div><div><br /></div><div>Although the balancer thermostat showed promising potential for regulating the altitude of the "Fatum" balloon, its effectiveness was limited to solar conditions. On cloudy days or at night, when solar radiation was not present, the thermostat did not work, and the balloon depended more on traditional sand and/or water ballasts for altitude control.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Moments of Tension</b></div><div><br /></div><div>In one of the most tense moments during the test of the "Fatum" balloon, an incident occurred when the balancer thermostat was loose next to the main balloon. This episode demonstrated the complexity and challenges associated with pioneering aeronautical experimentation.</div><div><br /></div><div>While the "Fatum" balloon was ascending with the thermostatic cylinder suspended beside it, a risky situation occurred when the auxiliary balloon became agitated and out of control, threatening to tear the main balloon. Setting up the balancing thermostat involved suspending the thermostat cylinder from either side of the flask, balanced by a bamboo that rested on the circumference of the flask. However, at a certain point, atmospheric instability or other unforeseen circumstances may have led the airship to dangerously approach the main balloon.</div><div><br /></div><div>The proximity of the airship to the main balloon represented a potential threat, as it could result in collision or interference with the structure of the balloon, compromising the safety of the experiment. The situation required quick and decisive action on the part of those involved to avoid any damage or accident.</div></div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh60AtIiCmPj2ySUNegqkzpRzYWuOqrFAWwjBoy2N79w7wTFElO6zyeaniG48XmHbgD5CjmYyXxyoURVTKbRMX2Hd0qF33NRcTmXAVhB2-1pkQMB7Dzqi94FvnwdfpaG11vQcVtLiQ_wl08ldwc2hClKPgc73hFEZ6Xv_snp36xsM8n5uV02omZ9alY7rtu/s656/Le%20Fatum%20descontrolado.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="571" data-original-width="656" height="558" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh60AtIiCmPj2ySUNegqkzpRzYWuOqrFAWwjBoy2N79w7wTFElO6zyeaniG48XmHbgD5CjmYyXxyoURVTKbRMX2Hd0qF33NRcTmXAVhB2-1pkQMB7Dzqi94FvnwdfpaG11vQcVtLiQ_wl08ldwc2hClKPgc73hFEZ6Xv_snp36xsM8n5uV02omZ9alY7rtu/w640-h558/Le%20Fatum%20descontrolado.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">While "Le Fatum" was ascending with the thermostatic cylinder suspended beside it, a risky situation occurred when the auxiliary balloon became agitated and out of control, threatening to tear the main balloon.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>While the detailed description of this incident was not provided in the shared excerpt, it highlights the challenging and unpredictable nature of aerial exploration at that time. Aeronautical experimentation was fraught with uncertainty and risk, with pioneers facing a number of obstacles as they sought to understand and control flight.</div><div><br /></div><div>Ultimately, the test of the "Fatum" balloon represented an important milestone in the history of experimental aeronautics, showing the capacity for innovation and the constant search for creative solutions in the search for controlled flight. The meeting of brilliant minds like the great friends Dumont and Aimé, and the results obtained contributed to the continuous evolution of aerial technologies and laid the foundations for future explorations in the field of aerostation.</div></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-40012989078375070512023-08-01T07:55:00.004-07:002023-08-01T10:24:01.287-07:00Santos Dumont stamps with illustration by Luiz Pagano ask for peace for Ukraine<div style="text-align: left;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixtGvq9jumogljo1JSosNWvn5mzr49rVP1UaczOZI_cGWqLEwb4eY5i3Cowie9HdJGdJjPO6LXeKCaZu8JguJiIv17cqyXadmKL1tMjD85e7QTH5MZwbnFME98dDUPw-d53Eh2LgXB92R9_pXByA89FJw_1mIN7j0EhkQvpvTRfIGyPYGwPIkTY3DO7UU/s1500/Selos%20Luiz.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1500" data-original-width="1500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixtGvq9jumogljo1JSosNWvn5mzr49rVP1UaczOZI_cGWqLEwb4eY5i3Cowie9HdJGdJjPO6LXeKCaZu8JguJiIv17cqyXadmKL1tMjD85e7QTH5MZwbnFME98dDUPw-d53Eh2LgXB92R9_pXByA89FJw_1mIN7j0EhkQvpvTRfIGyPYGwPIkTY3DO7UU/w640-h640/Selos%20Luiz.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Stamps by Santos Dumont with illustration by Luiz Pagano ask for peace for Ukraine</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div>I must say that it was a great surprise to see my strokes and colors giving life to Santos=Dumont on the stamps issued by the National Stamp Agency of Ukraine - Укрпошта, in the midst of the armed conflicts that devastate Ukraine, in a gesture of hope and appeal for the peace that emerges unexpectedly: the figure of Santos Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/08/selos-de-santos-dumont-com-ilustracao.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>Having my images of Santos=Dumont destined to promote peace in the world. is undoubtedly the most important work of my career as an artist.</div><div><br /></div><div>It is also good to say that, just as Dumont did by not patenting his aerial inventions, since it was for the benefit of mankind, I also left my images free of rights, so that they can be used to promote peace and to advocate for the well-being of humanity.</div><div><br /></div><div>As tensions mount and the pain of war persists, Ukraine has found an inspiring way to remind the world of the importance of seeking peaceful solutions. Santos=Dumont was very well chosen as a symbol of peace and union.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont dedicated his life to making the skies accessible to man, allowing us to fly beyond physical borders and bring people together, his inventions and his pioneering spirit in aviation symbolize the desire to overcome barriers and seek global integration. And it is exactly this message of peace and unity that Ukraine rescues when choosing its figure to represent its appeal in times of war.</div><div><br /></div><div>At the age of 59, on July 23, 1932, Santos=Dumont left this world, leaving a gap in the history of aviation. In his legacy, the memory of someone who dared to dream of a peaceful world and who, in 1926, made an appeal to the League of Nations to ban the use of airplanes for war purposes.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont reminds us that, behind technological achievements, there are hearts and minds that yearn for peace and harmony among nations.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijiPePpQcZRoaP0bJgHrtvV0i85TmvDheU0LZGQFjBfKrns3BcjzbCVRyq7mMZge1bVw1P2_OO4Yuekip7gocOb-Siat8baac2vvNRF6kcpVvYl8x5nrfRGKNYzFFaIYf-O_HvViqXwd7keNPYeYjOsFAGMMnsiEmYfzDoM6kxLf770OnK3NGV0LzzNAk/s1127/SElo%20SD%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1082" data-original-width="1127" height="614" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijiPePpQcZRoaP0bJgHrtvV0i85TmvDheU0LZGQFjBfKrns3BcjzbCVRyq7mMZge1bVw1P2_OO4Yuekip7gocOb-Siat8baac2vvNRF6kcpVvYl8x5nrfRGKNYzFFaIYf-O_HvViqXwd7keNPYeYjOsFAGMMnsiEmYfzDoM6kxLf770OnK3NGV0LzzNAk/w640-h614/SElo%20SD%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Stamps by Santos Dumont with illustration by Luiz Pagano ask for peace for Ukraine</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>In times of uncertainty and conflict, Ukraine teaches us that even amidst the darkness of war, the light of peace can find a way to shine.</div><div><br /></div><div>Recognizing Santos=Dumont as the father of aviation is essential to Brazilian history and culture, but it also has universal significance. His pioneering spirit influenced the development of aviation globally, paving the way for longer and safer flights.</div><div><br /></div><div>I hope that the images on the stamps continue to fly across the skies, carrying with them the message of a world united in peace and progress. Thanks to Ukraine for this recognition and for allowing me to share my creations with the world. May this tribute inspire future generations to fly in pursuit of their dreams, just as Santos-Dumont did when he gave wings to humanity.</div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-6589778435981712152023-07-22T08:27:00.023-07:002023-08-07T19:37:19.619-07:00Who was Edward C Boyce The man who bought #9 La Baladeuse<p><br /></p><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgctN6j-cBTKF_v9rxO34OTMbl7lcywApoO-oxIRcGIjv-1DSPTS_PUcqlLNJpv5o2PqQbkHcPCPJLVQrXY138qLzWpd0yQ3M_Auw-EmVZEhhlm-_bQ7Ensot6y_Ecc_iVOrFrLOyScrtqTQAvxngp-8fxdUAET4XwUBcMzNEEwulA_j1JM6Og7il48v3U/s1502/Who%20was%20Edward%20C%20Boyce.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgctN6j-cBTKF_v9rxO34OTMbl7lcywApoO-oxIRcGIjv-1DSPTS_PUcqlLNJpv5o2PqQbkHcPCPJLVQrXY138qLzWpd0yQ3M_Auw-EmVZEhhlm-_bQ7Ensot6y_Ecc_iVOrFrLOyScrtqTQAvxngp-8fxdUAET4XwUBcMzNEEwulA_j1JM6Og7il48v3U/w640-h480/Who%20was%20Edward%20C%20Boyce.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><div>Edward C Boyce known for having bought La Baladeuse Nº9 and Santos=Dumont Nº 8, was the first man to pilot an airship in America. He was also an accomplished architect, amusement park mogul and co-owner of Dreamland in Coney Island as well as the White City in Chicago.</div><div><br /></div><div>It is important to say here that perhaps the Number 8 airship, purchased by Boyce, is the modified Number 6, just as the Number 6 came from modifications to the Number 5 after the August 8 accident. The criteria for numbering Dumont's dirigibles were never clear.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/07/quem-foi-edward-c-boyce-o-homem-que.html">leia esta matéria em Português</a></span></div><div><div><br /></div><div>Boyce was undoubtedly a multifaceted figure in the early 20th century, who devoted himself to the emerging aviation of the time, becoming one of the pioneering founders of the Aero Club of America.</div><div><br /></div><div>That's where the intriguing part comes – we don't have his date of birth, death, little is known about his contributions to the Aeroclube, not even a good photo of him. </div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhueQzZhmCBBEevuz67gyKtI9XXjOcFGt1J85Ge3SIItTkPkOhdHT10808lusJRHRYBwobYo88XAUUkiZ0wJwHHEsvehGexF75UqEE27fn2yC3xtdwSzgPITX3EVBTJQ0G9VyfZIdvwV0dhKl03RtOpkPi7bagCRnKCT9BgC1_EWutXmfPyzm3-xyzZ3KZv/s891/ESC.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="748" data-original-width="891" height="538" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhueQzZhmCBBEevuz67gyKtI9XXjOcFGt1J85Ge3SIItTkPkOhdHT10808lusJRHRYBwobYo88XAUUkiZ0wJwHHEsvehGexF75UqEE27fn2yC3xtdwSzgPITX3EVBTJQ0G9VyfZIdvwV0dhKl03RtOpkPi7bagCRnKCT9BgC1_EWutXmfPyzm3-xyzZ3KZv/w640-h538/ESC.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Photo of Boyce's office 302 Broadway, NY - Modern Amusement Parks Catalog 1904</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>One of the most intriguing claims about him is that he was the first man to fly an airship in America, as reported in THE EVENING TIMES article of October 1, 1902.</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtcyQOlQKxB_TFWWkI4cXV-5pPiBCTqt1bK1IZbpcucaa-FudtZ-QlAJnfIOHhFYegIvfoHP6v1VtspMAecvbhLiyAyUWbfPA-oxw9irCT7hECOmrMWxZ5AFW5ZIKTh9i48BlH5h2Z5wQOUKObxmnR_irEFqWqs76gJle5ylDwnQ0udg70hlE14zZ9H4g/s1502/Who%20was%20Edward%20C.%20Boyce%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtcyQOlQKxB_TFWWkI4cXV-5pPiBCTqt1bK1IZbpcucaa-FudtZ-QlAJnfIOHhFYegIvfoHP6v1VtspMAecvbhLiyAyUWbfPA-oxw9irCT7hECOmrMWxZ5AFW5ZIKTh9i48BlH5h2Z5wQOUKObxmnR_irEFqWqs76gJle5ylDwnQ0udg70hlE14zZ9H4g/w640-h480/Who%20was%20Edward%20C.%20Boyce%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Article in THE EVENING TIMES of October 1, 1902.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><div>“The dispute was between the airship Santos=Dumont Nº 6 (some dumontologists believe that it could have been Nº 8), the great airship that was in Brighton Beach all summer, and the Pegasus, airship of the rival aviator, that was in a stable in Manhattan”.</div><div><br /></div><div>It is curious that Stevens' exploits have received more prominence in the historical record, while Boyce has remained relegated to a secondary role.</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgznaxgQ-a5owAsSS2ifOadFWn3cfsAbj34D7pd9LOkfJGhH_h3jM1lAprvjzPlj5E8Qh5CWwRdS7X7M9n-H0tlZ0vau8v2OYEkktmq18L-YlTKI00jc-fcxq0rCrGE9Z28mOp5wL9lftCUqn_nGEQdlMSWp5UJNgBwP65flMSc-BArJeP4bZi0USfXR4M/s1502/Who%20was%20Edward%20C.%20Boyce%203.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgznaxgQ-a5owAsSS2ifOadFWn3cfsAbj34D7pd9LOkfJGhH_h3jM1lAprvjzPlj5E8Qh5CWwRdS7X7M9n-H0tlZ0vau8v2OYEkktmq18L-YlTKI00jc-fcxq0rCrGE9Z28mOp5wL9lftCUqn_nGEQdlMSWp5UJNgBwP65flMSc-BArJeP4bZi0USfXR4M/w640-h480/Who%20was%20Edward%20C.%20Boyce%203.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><div>As for Boyce's description, the article goes on to say that “...Edward C. Boyce, a wealthy young man, who was vice president of the Syndicate Construction Company, whose offices are at 74 Broadway. He has an income of $50,000 a year, and a passion for experiments, is a member of the Aeroclube, and his fight was in fulfillment of his declaration that Santos-Dumont No.6 should fly it he had to take her up himself.”.</div><div><br /></div><div>Huh! Why couldn't Dumont fly his own airship in America? - ...let's continue...</div><div><br /></div><div>“...It was an important race.</div><div><br /></div><div>...</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrKRFc75-xfcvzQxYKwX9CavE9UQLVyZd0zYr5qBnWWNyjl0Eovzqolpuc6f3myA-FyCU9_D-DvhtBFe90mScLuLH_k679nZs5k3voI820P5jziSAOyUh8mZpvIxc7q_C8VvmZuflwSEbDfn-yc0HRxqjlla92vppo7CDHMSvSV7MJRmY9BthPo44FnLfm/s1502/Quem%20foi%20%20Edward%20C%20Boyce%204.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrKRFc75-xfcvzQxYKwX9CavE9UQLVyZd0zYr5qBnWWNyjl0Eovzqolpuc6f3myA-FyCU9_D-DvhtBFe90mScLuLH_k679nZs5k3voI820P5jziSAOyUh8mZpvIxc7q_C8VvmZuflwSEbDfn-yc0HRxqjlla92vppo7CDHMSvSV7MJRmY9BthPo44FnLfm/w640-h480/Quem%20foi%20%20Edward%20C%20Boyce%204.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>The flight was a surprise; Boyce began without any warning, Mr. Stevens saw his companion in the air and was unwilling to allow the honor of the first airship ride in America to go to his rival, so within twenty minutes, after Mr. Boyce was in the air, he took his out of the shed in Brighton Beach and shot it up onto the roofs of houses.” Ready Mr. Stevens was also venturing over Manhattan.</div><div><br /></div><div>The article says that Mr. Boyce landed smoothly in a field, so easily he wouldn't have broken an egg, while Stevens fell into an electric light pole and tangled himself in the wires.</div><div><br /></div><div>Boyce's flight was a jagged ellipse from Brighton Beach in the northeast to a field in Sheepshead Bay. He circled his starting point and actually went into the wind most of the way.</div><div><br /></div><div>This same article has been published in newspapers around the world, yet it appears that Mr. Boyce decides to disappear from history for a while.</div><div><br /></div><div>It is important to note that Pegasus itself, which was not a replica of the number 6, shared extremely similar characteristics with Dumont's airships.</div><div><br /></div><div>Oh, and we also know that in this beautiful Dreamland shed, number 9 was on display before it went to the Smithsonian - Thankfully, it didn't burn in the great Coney Island fire of 1911.</div><div><br /></div><div>But the question remains: why has Edward C. Boyce's story been so overlooked in the historical record?</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06B35jwbXuMKwAiwRwaKwtpZ-lkR7BDyyOzBtaMzkBy_vIeJB4TFSkYDPc4jNS8CVNcmdqWw_vqCIVKWt9Y9J-cTji0BlNwvLjfeM34F1nkFtv3P6chsW6HhNSL3s_lyAuUUKpXbpAVGIe4TtncWyvGy3uFmpZyxIfiFHuKga9XS756-ZYS80eD-5XKg/s1502/Who%20was%20Edward%20C.%20Boyce%205.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06B35jwbXuMKwAiwRwaKwtpZ-lkR7BDyyOzBtaMzkBy_vIeJB4TFSkYDPc4jNS8CVNcmdqWw_vqCIVKWt9Y9J-cTji0BlNwvLjfeM34F1nkFtv3P6chsW6HhNSL3s_lyAuUUKpXbpAVGIe4TtncWyvGy3uFmpZyxIfiFHuKga9XS756-ZYS80eD-5XKg/w640-h480/Who%20was%20Edward%20C.%20Boyce%205.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; text-align: left;">Left, Clement nacelle and engine from La Baladeuse #9 at the Smithsonian, on loan from Edward C. Boyce - right, Leo Stevens' airship nacelle on display in the beautiful Dreamland pavilion..</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>I have a theory, which perhaps seems a bit conspiratorial – that it was because of his friendship with Santos=Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><div>Yes, saying that Santos=Dumont's aircraft, Nº 6, (perhaps Nº 8) and Nº 9, bought by Boyce, ended up at the Smithsonian Institution, has a bad political connotation for the history told in America.</div><div><br /></div><div>Anyway, to mention less conspiratorial reasons, here are other possible reasons:</div><div><br /></div><div>Lack of Proper Documentation: In an age when historical documentation was not always as comprehensive or detailed, it is possible that records about Boyce were lost or not properly preserved;</div><div><br /></div><div>Historical inequalities: Historical inequalities, such as gender, racial or social class prejudices, may have influenced the representation and protagonism of certain individuals in historical records;</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifcKCeyWnYWxMROM7MK3YfSRKd92J_OaicGWoTkxhX-OTWWGP5gH8NNT2pBKLrpr9q1q8WwGT4IjISOuBc7FBe01RD630r71ioWxljLqn_wpJQjyQzm3I_b6UQ-eMTj-xbMeZaY3SqD_JU-j0dVsSqV2eZS3VVV7jeJThtd6_yCJM7yUEWFO3A7brHj242/s1256/bala.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1256" data-original-width="1179" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifcKCeyWnYWxMROM7MK3YfSRKd92J_OaicGWoTkxhX-OTWWGP5gH8NNT2pBKLrpr9q1q8WwGT4IjISOuBc7FBe01RD630r71ioWxljLqn_wpJQjyQzm3I_b6UQ-eMTj-xbMeZaY3SqD_JU-j0dVsSqV2eZS3VVV7jeJThtd6_yCJM7yUEWFO3A7brHj242/w600-h640/bala.jpg" width="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">La Baladeuse Nº 9 de Santos=Dumont, which was purchased by Edward C. Boyce displayed in a beautiful pavilion at Dreamland in Coney Island</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>Focus on other pioneers: In a competitive field like aviation and the amusement park industry, more prominent names may have received more attention, leaving figures like Boyce in obscurity.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>In Search of Historical Truth.</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Although the story of Edward C. Boyce remains shrouded in mystery, it is essential to continue the search for information about his life and accomplishments. Research into primary sources such as old newspapers, business documents and personal files can shed light on Boyce's legacy. Also, it's important to question the official story and pursue one.</div><div><br /></div><div>If any readers know anything else and want to add, please comment - It will be a pleasure to know more about this great man.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>The Mystery of Airships Number 6 and Number 8</b></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Para saber se existiu ou não um dirigível número 8, a resposta pode ser encontrada nas evidências e em artigos de jornal.</div><div><br /></div><div>De acordo com um artigo no The Sketch of London em 4 de junho de 1902, o dirigível N.6 que foi resgatado do acidente na baía de Monte Carlo, Mônaco, em 13 de fevereiro de 1902, foi danificado no Crystal Palace em Londres (provavelmente sabotado), e por lá ficou até 1919 (pelo menos a quilha e o invólucro). Renato Oliveira acredita que o cesto exposto no Le Bourget é o que foi resgatada do mar.</div><div><br /></div><div>Por outro lado, de acordo com o The Evening Times, em outubro de 1902, o Sr. Boyce voou com ele.</div><div><br /></div><div>Portanto, é provável que o Sr. Boyce tenha pilotado o N.8 e não o N.6, Santos=Dumont fez uma cópia do N.6 para levar para a América.</div><div><br /></div><div>O próprio Leo Stevens tinha várias cópias de seu dirigível espalhadas pelo mundo; 2 na Inglaterra 1 nos Estados Unidos e outro na Itália idênticos de 1902 a 1905.</div><div><br /></div><div>Renato Oliveira afirma que "cronologicamente não havia como o N.6 estar em Londres e Nova York ao mesmo tempo".</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-3vJuRiqRtNAZCG0776xdPNsfsi2ydMnpogTsfuZr0QkD6cbjyt8q75gEcP16Ngrj8YcDS4vbIvQ1NiDeckQN1DyzNv0X0jwGmBaNDOWNTHYBz9wbwvnR8mW0bn_m59PuiDIv30dIcNGCQ5r9Uzp9dBjX0LVPJw6uE07fG4X2Fo569axQytY4p3vurvwV/s1393/The%20sketch%20June%204%201902.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1389" data-original-width="1393" height="638" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-3vJuRiqRtNAZCG0776xdPNsfsi2ydMnpogTsfuZr0QkD6cbjyt8q75gEcP16Ngrj8YcDS4vbIvQ1NiDeckQN1DyzNv0X0jwGmBaNDOWNTHYBz9wbwvnR8mW0bn_m59PuiDIv30dIcNGCQ5r9Uzp9dBjX0LVPJw6uE07fG4X2Fo569axQytY4p3vurvwV/w640-h638/The%20sketch%20June%204%201902.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The article of The Sektch of London, June 4, 1902, with the picture of the huge shed specially built to house the airship Santos=Dumont N.6, near the Crystal Palace pole, in London</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>Well, let's wait, soon he will release a book on the subject.</div><div><br /></div><div>Next, the article of </div><div><b>The Sektch of London, June 4, 1902</b></div></div><div>----</div><div><br /></div><div>The threatening eye with which, according to Shakspere, Fortune looks upon men when she means most good has been almost too much in evidence with M. Santos-Dumont. Air-ship after air-ship has belied its name by sinking unbidden to the earth; on more than one occasion the daring aeronaut has been in imminent peril of his life, and now the public lights which were to have begun this week have of necessity been ostponed indefinitely. Even M. Damont's customary nonchalance must have been sorely tried when, on his return from Paris, it was found that the silken casing of his balloon had been badly left in several places. The scene of the unfortunate accident outrage, as the case may be, was the huge shed specially constructed near the Crystal Palace polo-ground. It had been deemed visable to hold some preliminary experiments before the public trials, the inventor's two French assistants were busily adjusting the chanical portion of the vessel when its owner arrived. All was apparently well then, but while he was at luncheon it was discovered that the silk was torn and quite beyond repair. Detectives and police were, of course, at once summoned to take the matter in hand. The theory was that the damage was malicious, or, at least, mischievous;</div><div>-------</div></div><div><br /></div><div>read the full article of THE EVENING TIMES, 1º de outubro de 1902:</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqOudl7waAsNVHgPOCdCXBI9aI0a_ptLb1pp-Swtw7daSG6DthJiBV-TdaolG5bFVpoMDcVhN442r-DpuZff-bbideur5S9np0VEAz12P4M0NWRs1r8pim0EP4_3wrxdIdizX55wy6wot76SnqP_XGVTDxHoIuf7_uycUA0vCdPBIGipxy43mnQxTC8NU/s894/Noticia.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="894" data-original-width="550" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqOudl7waAsNVHgPOCdCXBI9aI0a_ptLb1pp-Swtw7daSG6DthJiBV-TdaolG5bFVpoMDcVhN442r-DpuZff-bbideur5S9np0VEAz12P4M0NWRs1r8pim0EP4_3wrxdIdizX55wy6wot76SnqP_XGVTDxHoIuf7_uycUA0vCdPBIGipxy43mnQxTC8NU/w394-h640/Noticia.png" width="394" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><div><b>THE EVENING TIMES, October, 1st 1902</b></div><div><br /></div><div>RIVAL AIRSHIPS IN EXCITING RACE THROUGH THE CLOUDS</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos-Dumont and Stevens Machines High in the Sky Above Sheepshead Bay Interest Racegoers.</div><div><br /></div><div>American-Built Flyer Guided by Leo Stevens Victorious Over the Brazilian Vessel. Met With Mishaps.</div><div><br /></div><div>NEW YORK, Oct. 1-America had its first race of airships yesterday.</div><div><br /></div><div>The contest was between SantosDumont N. 6, the big airship which the Brazilian would not go up in and put go up is and which has been at Brighton Beach all summer, and Pegasus, the rival flyer, that has been stabled at Manhattan, and which has made one or two false starts.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqSNRczbzKhjM1e7Vi_QlYU6FDKuOmquHMoYNPByttBemRnHUwrNr2-Zn9eOjbUp_LXuE_XOa6UlPy16akeypqEQqNjaPLs8zpnN4C0nZWq7QnAnGmLwgTTQzhRR7bMd4NJoyZGxGJHfM1OjkAHXomsIx2_bBWTFuvVztLcKTnbwOS-5YvKBMFbUjTpmAU/s1600/sd%20em%20usa.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="1600" height="460" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqSNRczbzKhjM1e7Vi_QlYU6FDKuOmquHMoYNPByttBemRnHUwrNr2-Zn9eOjbUp_LXuE_XOa6UlPy16akeypqEQqNjaPLs8zpnN4C0nZWq7QnAnGmLwgTTQzhRR7bMd4NJoyZGxGJHfM1OjkAHXomsIx2_bBWTFuvVztLcKTnbwOS-5YvKBMFbUjTpmAU/w640-h460/sd%20em%20usa.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Reception of Satnos=Dumont in the United States on April 19, 1902. Moments of joy alongside Emmanuel Aimé and Samuel Pierpont Langley</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>Yesterday both navigated the air.</div><div><br /></div><div>The Santos-Dumont was operated by Edward C. Boyce, a wealthy young man, who la vice president of the Syndicate Construction Company, the offices of which are at No. 74 Broadway. He has an income of $50,000 year, and a passion for experiments, is a member of the Aero Club, and his fight was in fulfillment of his declaration that Santos-Dumont No.6 should fly it he had to take her up himself.</div><div><br /></div><div>Pegasus was operated by Leo Stevens, an aeronaut, and a candidate for the $200,000 prize which is to be sailed for at the St. Louis Exposition. He has made many ascensions in hot-air balloons near New york.</div><div><br /></div><div>Both machines flew high and long and well. The Stevens airship crossed the path of the other and went much higher, but as it was a test of divisibility there is some doubt whether the higher flight counts for our against man who made it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Was an important Race.</div><div><br /></div><div>From the ground it seemed that the low flight machine was able to turn more easily, and to be more under control than the other, but Mr. Stevens disputes this.</div><div><br /></div><div>The flight was a surprise; Mr. Boyce started without any announcement, and Mr. Stevens started because the other fellow did and was not going to see the honor of the first voyage of airship voyage in America go to his rival, so within twenty minutes, after Mr. Boyce’s machine bulged from the shed at Brighton Beach and shot above the house tops, Mr. Stevens was also adventuring upward from Manhattan.</div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitc-RlzgzoTpe4u3Dfb1o9vhVrgmngPO9KFYqh7gaMNThV_cRGnlMO-3jWzNytIxG9QYqFjbBhDRGepjA67zK_FI5p-Td2BcTvf5YDYCyVVzMInD_Fmc3YygyTDg4ncCW0R7w-wbYjN51OFnrfL-rVu5LekEpO9hA4LFnN_NgV-kuJ1rRHrnMV5mXvG_eI/s1179/hangar.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="882" data-original-width="1179" height="478" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitc-RlzgzoTpe4u3Dfb1o9vhVrgmngPO9KFYqh7gaMNThV_cRGnlMO-3jWzNytIxG9QYqFjbBhDRGepjA67zK_FI5p-Td2BcTvf5YDYCyVVzMInD_Fmc3YygyTDg4ncCW0R7w-wbYjN51OFnrfL-rVu5LekEpO9hA4LFnN_NgV-kuJ1rRHrnMV5mXvG_eI/w640-h478/hangar.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont N.6 (or maybe N.8) airship in a shed of Brighton Beach, NY</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div></div><div>Mr. Boyce came down gently in a field, so easily, he says, that he would not have cracked an eggs ball. Mr Stevens came down on a telegraph and electric light pole and got mixed up with the wires, but he was not hurt and his machine was not damaged to amount to anything.</div><div><br /></div><div>Mr. Boyce’s flight was an irregularity wavy line from Brighton Beach northeast to a field in Sheepshead Bay. He circled his starting point, and really went against the wind most of the way.</div><div><br /></div><div>Mr. Stevens course was a double ellipse, according to his own statement, ranging form Manhattan north and westto his landing place on the tlegraph pole at the corner of the Sheepshead Bay Road and First Street.</div><div><br /></div><div>Nearly Broke Up Race.</div><div><br /></div><div>Both passed almost over the race track, and they were in sight spectators, bookmakers, and jockeys, and even the horses themselves watched nothing else. It was so serious that the Jockeys had to be admonished in the fourth race to mind their start instead of the two big cigars that bung in the air above.</div><div><br /></div><div>It was 3:45 when Mr. Boyce made his start. He had come down to the Aerodome, which is what they call the barn in which an airship is kept, to his automobile with his wife and two little children. His little boy bewalled the fact that be could not accompany his father, and Mr. Boyce gave the word to let go, calling back directions to his party to meet him in Grimes Fields at Sheepshead Bay.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMuh9k0sUqfph5B1tO72cubE2im1AJt5v8NZm6hxGXATu6ncYe5Ve7Mj6M2Eb0pq4TFR-9MNS5KbZy8iWWYg96LFxlgvI6DYtDIY2vfdU7q_JIvJUSmrAVFuyKOaPa6dLsNy9_mdiU9DBoqjxx7a0Y7RNMKuXlI_Xcl9pldrbyzr2L4Fr_pTKf3pk0S9Ii/s1024/recepcao%20st%20louis.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="749" data-original-width="1024" height="468" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMuh9k0sUqfph5B1tO72cubE2im1AJt5v8NZm6hxGXATu6ncYe5Ve7Mj6M2Eb0pq4TFR-9MNS5KbZy8iWWYg96LFxlgvI6DYtDIY2vfdU7q_JIvJUSmrAVFuyKOaPa6dLsNy9_mdiU9DBoqjxx7a0Y7RNMKuXlI_Xcl9pldrbyzr2L4Fr_pTKf3pk0S9Ii/w640-h468/recepcao%20st%20louis.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont reception in St Louis</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>The two ropes at the rear of the airships holding it, should have them pulled off when it ascended. But one of them was not pulled by the man that held it. It went up with the balloon and was caught in by the propeller. Those on earth who saw him try to disentangle it, and apparently, he succeeded, for his turn about over the shed was as smooth and steady as a trolley car coming around a curve. Then he sailed away toward the notth, every now and then describing a curve, first to the right, then to the left, and so on until be finally sank in the field for which he was aiming.</div><div><br /></div><div>Another Airship Ahoy!</div><div><br /></div><div>Meanwhile over the eastward the other machine had risen and came across the right angle to the course of the other, from the Stevens machine depended on a rope, which, he says, is 1,800 feet long, and which acts like the tail to a kite, steadying the flight. It has its disadvantages, for once it caught, some telegraph wires, and Stevens was prisoner until some lineman cut off a few feet of rope. Hi did his lofty circling, snooping in wide curves three quarters of mile in the air, while Mr. Boyce never got higher than 800 feet.</div><div><br /></div><div>When Mr. Stevens began to descend his troubles began. He says a crank that controls the spark of his machine worked loose and began to fling out electric flashes so long that the aeronaut feared they would ignite the hydrogen, of which he had 22,000 feet in his gas bag. In reaching for this crank he knocked out a plug that controlled the machinery, and had to think of descending at once. </div><div><br /></div><div>His long, trailing rope caught in the electric wires in front of Lundy’s fish market, Sheepshead Bay Road and First Street, and later his anchor, which he cast out, caught in these same wires ad there was a display of electric fire.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stevens pulled the valves and came down on the electric light react and the wires , and half of the population of that part of the world came out and shouted to him that he would be grilled alive on those wires. He skipped about on the frame of his machine, however, until some lineman got a ladder up to him. </div><div><br /></div><div>He freed his ropes, which were eagerly graped by as many of half a thousand volunteer assistants as could take hold, while he conducted the airship over the roofs to a large lot, where the descent was finally made in safety and comfort.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhb8G_6IG8Xhst4_nK3wGFqOAFFHfmSODrLgMuaFQGxoDucffrxyJKdepdMaaFcJC44Dl3esk9ztHng5KQ3TNdLXL0a3926WgtoFpkFBQ5EMcmFRZAqfDUIOk_7Xeg7iFQO9Ag5TB7Dbebg-hhfk2CJuK2vgSQSgt5BXykIG-OEU34BWj_o5DRGRDWwL4k3/s1024/Sd%201904%20Chapin%20e%20Dozon.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="878" data-original-width="1024" height="548" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhb8G_6IG8Xhst4_nK3wGFqOAFFHfmSODrLgMuaFQGxoDucffrxyJKdepdMaaFcJC44Dl3esk9ztHng5KQ3TNdLXL0a3926WgtoFpkFBQ5EMcmFRZAqfDUIOk_7Xeg7iFQO9Ag5TB7Dbebg-hhfk2CJuK2vgSQSgt5BXykIG-OEU34BWj_o5DRGRDWwL4k3/w640-h548/Sd%201904%20Chapin%20e%20Dozon.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">On his second trip to the United States after the Deutsh Prize, in the spring of 1904, Dumont booked a series of engagements and demonstrations, and returned to France on 28 May to make the various preparations until he was thwarted at St. Louis. Louis. On June 12, 1904, Santos=Dumont leaves for his third and last trip to the USA aboard the SAVOIE, upon arriving there he realizes that his airship N.7 had been destroyed (possibly sabotaged). In the photo next to mechanics Chapin and Dozon.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br />The race was a success from the standpoint of everybody but the trolley people, who are figuring what kind of an injunction will hold against these new birds of the air who mess up their wires with trail ropes and anchors.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stevens’ anchor was pretty well burned by the electric wires.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-67309888889689165652023-07-20T08:19:00.081-07:002023-09-04T06:52:07.177-07:00Santos Dumont 150 years - Chronology of Inventions<div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit43b9IySzC6-nQ7OEdwffSDB022wtHCu3vqHSzvTB1rzgO3acXbLUgxycmEHyksL7IPN6XQ8x2-6dbLLcB9WTlsY8gNrW4LpJnnMdXbLFE28fultOC7grXJ34WcHjmo_GYc64Ds9iQwoocPmNPxgwSKFrE7UX-HA9VGSc5cSHBz1Nb6OcO67AvrLaieU/s1502/Capa.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit43b9IySzC6-nQ7OEdwffSDB022wtHCu3vqHSzvTB1rzgO3acXbLUgxycmEHyksL7IPN6XQ8x2-6dbLLcB9WTlsY8gNrW4LpJnnMdXbLFE28fultOC7grXJ34WcHjmo_GYc64Ds9iQwoocPmNPxgwSKFrE7UX-HA9VGSc5cSHBz1Nb6OcO67AvrLaieU/w640-h480/Capa.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div>At this very moment, the celebration of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Alberto Santos=Dumont is taking place at the Brasília Air Force Base (which can be followed live on YouTube).</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/07/comemoracao-dos-150-anos-do-nascimento.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://youtu.be/XnLaLFNSLxQ">Whatch the video of this article</a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>At the same time, Renato Oliveira, a brilliant biographer of Dumont who promises many new things about the aviator, and I investigated unpublished aspects of Dumont's life, such as his intention to travel to the Arctic and the first flights in the United States.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVOKU3EzhJPOwjk8AyjWVL0tnSitbtxFoRECvlK1Nj3dYqfwY8NaU32LhbeUKaYngrv1sdxtpn_4SdF78HOgqiRv1PurnZN9xEkrcGiy-jtr5oKVFpJbHP9G34NMUC3VmSOq39MvU-qkejmQfZi-ZUNMmvr1h7B0YCMKvYXFrQGCMdw-5LVWs2vPyQm1Bl/s1179/hangar.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="882" data-original-width="1179" height="478" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVOKU3EzhJPOwjk8AyjWVL0tnSitbtxFoRECvlK1Nj3dYqfwY8NaU32LhbeUKaYngrv1sdxtpn_4SdF78HOgqiRv1PurnZN9xEkrcGiy-jtr5oKVFpJbHP9G34NMUC3VmSOq39MvU-qkejmQfZi-ZUNMmvr1h7B0YCMKvYXFrQGCMdw-5LVWs2vPyQm1Bl/w640-h478/hangar.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Hangar built for Santos=Dumont to store his airships on Long Island</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /><div><div>There is still much to be said about the period after winning the Detutch prize, November 4, 1901, such as:</div><div><br /></div><div>-His trip to Monaco from the end of 1901 to February 1902, and consequent trip to London;</div><div>-Their tour of New York on April 19, with the number 6, when Mr. Boyce becomes the first man to fly in America (minutes before Leo Stevens);</div><div>-His return to Paris in February 1903 to build the N.7 and N.9;</div><div>-Return to the USA in the spring of 1904, with the rebuilt N.6 (possibly the N.8) and with the N.9 to sell to Mr. Boyce.</div><div>-Returns to France on May 28, 1904, to make preparations for a busy schedule for his third return to the USA;</div><div>- And finally, June 12, 1904, when S=D departs for the USA on his 3rd trip, with several scheduled activities, including the demonstrations in St Louis (aboard the SAVOIE), when everything is frustrated to see his N. 7 damaged.</div><div><br /></div><div>In these almost four years of research, a photo emerged that definitely made me write this article about the Dreams of Santos=Dumont.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRUqynFOQRc0VQJBzEc4-8zg_yaDRNurQG0YJlqUS1lCuHaA2HbqDHYUsOerznuv4xsI6kTJerGh1VnZSjb5flSSjm00PAJj8bdk0H8Jzjya45Gwg3GbijqZ_pxdVhEepy-FhANzEXOTwQXgtL0VTBdScWfweIRzlVaJj-RNniR0ytko__-OVbeUPNu935/s1179/maquete.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="845" data-original-width="1179" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRUqynFOQRc0VQJBzEc4-8zg_yaDRNurQG0YJlqUS1lCuHaA2HbqDHYUsOerznuv4xsI6kTJerGh1VnZSjb5flSSjm00PAJj8bdk0H8Jzjya45Gwg3GbijqZ_pxdVhEepy-FhANzEXOTwQXgtL0VTBdScWfweIRzlVaJj-RNniR0ytko__-OVbeUPNu935/w640-h458/maquete.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">This incredible photo, in which Santos=Dumont appears holding a scaled airship, is moving because it shows the tangible symbol of all the passion and hard work invested to conquer flight, until then impossible.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>It's a picture of him holding a scale model of #6 in the Long Island hangar just before Mr. Boyce make the not-so-famous flight before Stevens (infamous indeed for Americans).</div></div><div><br /></div><div>Dumont inspires the entrepreneurial spirit of every Brazilian, who sees in the great aviator a source of pride and inspiration.</div><div><br /></div><div>That's why I decided to post today an article entitled 'Santos Dumont and his Methods for Transforming Dreams into Realities', which also has a video on Youtube (read it and watch it).</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Santos Dumont and his Methods to Turn Dreams into Realities</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont was self-taught - He created his own methods to turn his dreams into reality. </div><div><br /></div><div><b>THE LIGHTER THA AIR</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div>At the end of the 19th century, no one would know whether or not it would be possible for man to fly, just as today it is impossible to say whether we will reach the moons of Jupiter, or a planet outside our solar system.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont intended to explore all possibilities of flight known at the time, as well as those only imagined by Jules Verne in his fiction.</div><div><br /></div><div>Flights with captive balloons lacked maneuverability and steerability. Henry Giffard put a steam engine in his airship, and tried unsuccessfully to drive it through the air.</div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMZ985Dl6EyNWtlnbPxO00E71eD5fX7muPHoprcp_Bho3D1eAW5w_j5o_TzP5Kgk6GUdfurStoQYqpGa26eKgRL1JDdKDNu5lvOD7MHmAghHxm2o6_wq23DwoEYet1Bkp29oKJrW4gNeQhwwyQijYwMjjepgFpAtDSjHPIbscrX6S3wtgNR4tNRog_Ofj5/s1600/Bala%CC%83o%20Brasil%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1235" data-original-width="1600" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMZ985Dl6EyNWtlnbPxO00E71eD5fX7muPHoprcp_Bho3D1eAW5w_j5o_TzP5Kgk6GUdfurStoQYqpGa26eKgRL1JDdKDNu5lvOD7MHmAghHxm2o6_wq23DwoEYet1Bkp29oKJrW4gNeQhwwyQijYwMjjepgFpAtDSjHPIbscrX6S3wtgNR4tNRog_Ofj5/w640-h494/Bala%CC%83o%20Brasil%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Balão Brasil of Santos=Dumont</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Santos=Dumont’s father suffered an accident that left him a hemiplegic. Unable to take care of the farm, he decided to sell it for a pulp and paper company in Brazil. The sale took place in 1891, and the amount paid to its owner was a huge fortune, 12 thousand contos de reis. Still young S=D was emancipated and received part of his fortune.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>Now he already had the technical and financial conditions to pursue his dreams.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTMvf_YpapwuWxTtrhgtorQLKCmX4ga4qG7rPclwrit2SRaykITcYRcicmwe3d2WylpSXI8XmC3lhQ5_dQPlrlw2nF4t96lvdKfZW7ce-m0vFgwTTHB6UhtGTECuQ32WVsv1_PilwqBYyDNQgPoFugid51mf6lWtmPK04Vwhjsvgc70hwyjdztykZud48/s784/005%20america.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="772" data-original-width="784" height="630" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTMvf_YpapwuWxTtrhgtorQLKCmX4ga4qG7rPclwrit2SRaykITcYRcicmwe3d2WylpSXI8XmC3lhQ5_dQPlrlw2nF4t96lvdKfZW7ce-m0vFgwTTHB6UhtGTECuQ32WVsv1_PilwqBYyDNQgPoFugid51mf6lWtmPK04Vwhjsvgc70hwyjdztykZud48/w640-h630/005%20america.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div>Then he went to Paris, met the balloon builders Lachambre a Marchuron and began his flying adventures. He quickly mastered all the techniques he needed to drive a captive balloon through the air – his reports of these flights are fascinating, Santos Dumont saw wonders from up there.</div><div><br /></div><div>It was then that he decided to order the smallest captive balloon ever made, with only 113 cubic meters of hydrogen it had the strength to lift only him from the ground.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtU1effPGqpN_4RYEvG0Vw0askGo7L8eaEnaqIvvPmN53BX-mp3jL8_-Qjz6WCvxag-SuU2Pxxi3ZoNPNJfQqX7bLSzzUam_XND77kC3uUA9yXOX9Jh2vDZ4whnrG5D293Xe8eC6mrrqrE4GqJCwDGxqP0CaZ_JXaKBS3u-Y7IvNmEayQY9JCWWMK8OJY/s1502/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20Brasil.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtU1effPGqpN_4RYEvG0Vw0askGo7L8eaEnaqIvvPmN53BX-mp3jL8_-Qjz6WCvxag-SuU2Pxxi3ZoNPNJfQqX7bLSzzUam_XND77kC3uUA9yXOX9Jh2vDZ4whnrG5D293Xe8eC6mrrqrE4GqJCwDGxqP0CaZ_JXaKBS3u-Y7IvNmEayQY9JCWWMK8OJY/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20Brasil.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>The individual balloon, idealized by Dumont, had the purpose of enabling the next steps - to test the possibilities that would be validated or discarded, following a rigorous scientific process - and it had to be rigorous, because his life depended on how well designed his next project would be. </div><div><br /></div><div>He saw in the wicker basket the perfect safety equipment, the shock of the sudden landings of the balloons were perfectly absorbed by its flexible and resistant structure.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7KYUqRfK4wFBVe70dgBA-g144j5hfxgmJls2IFDHv0eBzRTP1vs7dUn2IckYoUHFzgvcAfDY-kYJGT8yy4ohHRAwjmkYHa8xAULU6134XDul7bI0MTUsxUUJStuEBjHIeVWXMxW_T7iammxZzuDo1TfpKAERbRwHYOgh1vbKvv0Y0Mb8SVcvyRLtjRT0/s1600/Bala%CC%83o%20LAmerique%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1235" data-original-width="1600" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7KYUqRfK4wFBVe70dgBA-g144j5hfxgmJls2IFDHv0eBzRTP1vs7dUn2IckYoUHFzgvcAfDY-kYJGT8yy4ohHRAwjmkYHa8xAULU6134XDul7bI0MTUsxUUJStuEBjHIeVWXMxW_T7iammxZzuDo1TfpKAERbRwHYOgh1vbKvv0Y0Mb8SVcvyRLtjRT0/w640-h494/Bala%CC%83o%20LAmerique%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">L'Amerique</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>The balloon ‘Brasil’ was tested and approved, however it had a problem - during the captive flight, the balloon flew at the whim of the winds and Dumont needed a bicycle to return from wherever he had landed. It was then that in less than 8 days of his inaugural flight with Brazil, Dumont arrived with his second balloon, the L'Amerique, with a capacity of almost 5 times more hydrogen.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwtxPBUOM_b1-bF5G8prGF-5gJGWgrk8oipifxkuV4OpWX5Reqb-LWcpCDXHM7eDX-rAS_N5YKW7YKG2-cnrGJmi6y7BP0fhjFhI-BPKLQjmo9n6tBEpQRhK2mg1_Jv9gZI3OUkrMPKWFGAUm5eWnyXkTrbBlGdG9vTyIzAThhsINnA5oHc4leKYE5Hrg/s1502/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20lamerique.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwtxPBUOM_b1-bF5G8prGF-5gJGWgrk8oipifxkuV4OpWX5Reqb-LWcpCDXHM7eDX-rAS_N5YKW7YKG2-cnrGJmi6y7BP0fhjFhI-BPKLQjmo9n6tBEpQRhK2mg1_Jv9gZI3OUkrMPKWFGAUm5eWnyXkTrbBlGdG9vTyIzAThhsINnA5oHc4leKYE5Hrg/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20lamerique.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>With L'Amerique Dumont won his first prize, he took first place in the Aeronauts Cup for staying 22 hours in the air. This would become the first of many other important awards.</div><div><br /></div><div>Once the first stage of his cycle of inventions had been mastered, Dumont could now soar through the skies monobracing his balloon and design new equipment, but he was still very uncomfortable with the lack of steering power over the captive balloon, with that he gives a new direction for his inventions. He decided to put the engine of his De Dion bouton tricycle, coupled to a propeller, in the wicker basket. So he could steer the balloon in whatever direction he wanted.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFzFe-EgIsnFRWjCpd7WswVca590KMRfpGNF17iKj-8pE1U5-NXsULlV2WHHGp4qYodF8D5nbG3T3rYHodQDOlV9ThK2PBTyXw4feXHLpAyPJc-WLILVb2wDpasmF8-lOVsL82XyopWhsKuPNX48DFYbmD44wFL98ZeMB6kKwNJQLLtbnxwxMOzQ39Auk/s1879/Primeiros%20Testes.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1173" data-original-width="1879" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFzFe-EgIsnFRWjCpd7WswVca590KMRfpGNF17iKj-8pE1U5-NXsULlV2WHHGp4qYodF8D5nbG3T3rYHodQDOlV9ThK2PBTyXw4feXHLpAyPJc-WLILVb2wDpasmF8-lOVsL82XyopWhsKuPNX48DFYbmD44wFL98ZeMB6kKwNJQLLtbnxwxMOzQ39Auk/w640-h400/Primeiros%20Testes.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>In what he considers his first scientific experiment, with the help of mechanics, Dumont hung the tricycle from a tree and revved it up, trying to see if torque and vibration would cause problems during flight. He realized that this would not be a problem, but he decided to modify his engine, duplicating it from one to two pistons.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7wroCi7XEzoF53EeAKq6sH5JT-ttX13xCrWUGl1JVXFMah5q_RDL7nHpcmqaj-VrhRQguf92SX2YmKZPkO2PpNR7OaUhux2PIv4FWGA5bIfBYL5YHOCfGRKFTwrwbU6F1jAAbTIzwZm0xIFr7xCNz8_ANKCBOc8oLRGCLkCffV64oPfY3U3Dn6CCStlI/s784/006%20n%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="772" data-original-width="784" height="630" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7wroCi7XEzoF53EeAKq6sH5JT-ttX13xCrWUGl1JVXFMah5q_RDL7nHpcmqaj-VrhRQguf92SX2YmKZPkO2PpNR7OaUhux2PIv4FWGA5bIfBYL5YHOCfGRKFTwrwbU6F1jAAbTIzwZm0xIFr7xCNz8_ANKCBOc8oLRGCLkCffV64oPfY3U3Dn6CCStlI/w640-h630/006%20n%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Taking advantage of its now 3.5 horsepower, Dumont dismantled his tricycle and added an engine and carburetor to a nacelle, made up of a wicker basket and a 40cm propeller.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4FVEXkSYrnWZafYqT17Qwcj2u4WDsLudWdcCaJDQrGOMCYtqImFQRET0yjkzqqk0qz899BW9GHxVQw1nH_PCc8jZWi65d4wpL4PBuqFH0ArutC8BIryrnqdQPaGDxZYPc3wQ8-KJJZvY1PtIijKfOjczSfI6MpaI1VwRdRHfT_MJfXa4swsIvlSJRT48/s1136/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-07-20%20at%2012.30.58.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1136" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4FVEXkSYrnWZafYqT17Qwcj2u4WDsLudWdcCaJDQrGOMCYtqImFQRET0yjkzqqk0qz899BW9GHxVQw1nH_PCc8jZWi65d4wpL4PBuqFH0ArutC8BIryrnqdQPaGDxZYPc3wQ8-KJJZvY1PtIijKfOjczSfI6MpaI1VwRdRHfT_MJfXa4swsIvlSJRT48/w640-h360/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-07-20%20at%2012.30.58.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Dumont realized that a spherical balloon has a lot of drag and that it would fly better if his airship had a cylindrical shape like Guiffard's model. Sparks from the tricycle could ignite the hydrogen in the envelope, so he decided to pull it away from the nacelle by means of very long ropes, added a rudder to turn to port and starboard, envelope pressure control, and counterweights to steer the airship up and down.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg0bMjwk0xNDKvGF_ac41HqVBs72Cj577i69Cvh4aQbhlxdwux3Z5FwBNTKz4-bBixMzbkLasPkrNBNO6Z3NopkJMEbSaFVYfjSHZIR9_fqS-FR0q-Dirs7n5B4ioAKCvYjFlQR8y2peR-KtpMh5Xw_IUlB1EyYhVmp4NTHGkguAHPYLc0_jk_gI0xIvJY/s1236/N1%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="1236" height="350" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg0bMjwk0xNDKvGF_ac41HqVBs72Cj577i69Cvh4aQbhlxdwux3Z5FwBNTKz4-bBixMzbkLasPkrNBNO6Z3NopkJMEbSaFVYfjSHZIR9_fqS-FR0q-Dirs7n5B4ioAKCvYjFlQR8y2peR-KtpMh5Xw_IUlB1EyYhVmp4NTHGkguAHPYLc0_jk_gI0xIvJY/w640-h350/N1%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiGQodrlXT2_9ORIuZuQgSHF8o9sww6JYfV6Y1K-Lc5mp5cx7ZH5YWEaH5YEGSsSdFKN9Cb_pkNbmS5EdmC6ztJNVSt0uBFwfff7EV5EFmK9SlngVwxlfSfnwpO0BAgO8-DIT04QQuyN39p0PPNew75vwMkEqxixgLc8sbBEpNghnZ003RwnaVU9oGMKWP/s1502/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiGQodrlXT2_9ORIuZuQgSHF8o9sww6JYfV6Y1K-Lc5mp5cx7ZH5YWEaH5YEGSsSdFKN9Cb_pkNbmS5EdmC6ztJNVSt0uBFwfff7EV5EFmK9SlngVwxlfSfnwpO0BAgO8-DIT04QQuyN39p0PPNew75vwMkEqxixgLc8sbBEpNghnZ003RwnaVU9oGMKWP/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div></div><div>The hydrogen in the envelope equalized the weight of the airship with its nacelle and ropes, sandbags were used to weighting the bow and stern. To make the dirigible rise, he released the stern bag and collected the bow bag, creating an imbalance causing the nose of the envelope to tilt upwards. The force of the engine pushed the dirigible upwards. </div><div><br /></div><div>And to go down, he would do the opposite, he recolect the stern bag and release the bow bag, unbalancing the nose of the envelope downwards. Again, the power of the engine drove the airship to the ground.</div><div><br /></div><div>It was the first time in human history that someone could control two other axes of flight:</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNiSodlwhLSUIptr6H58XjJ6REARB06ptvmVhBoMt70WrCx7hkuTGRzF2OTrgM0sjpAhT2fErKUDFTOpsmrlAofTOdWlTM1lCQeNnG0lXeMH0K_WWZaVsvYrhoBeEgoLGuZiSljrgXfFPDfCqZJWvmtGneb0JBdz6sZ2mlgBzuQyFpmPKhISCnCGIFX3c/s1879/Eixo%20lateral%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1173" data-original-width="1879" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNiSodlwhLSUIptr6H58XjJ6REARB06ptvmVhBoMt70WrCx7hkuTGRzF2OTrgM0sjpAhT2fErKUDFTOpsmrlAofTOdWlTM1lCQeNnG0lXeMH0K_WWZaVsvYrhoBeEgoLGuZiSljrgXfFPDfCqZJWvmtGneb0JBdz6sZ2mlgBzuQyFpmPKhISCnCGIFX3c/w640-h400/Eixo%20lateral%20copy.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div>1- Lateral axis controlling the pitch of the airship, allowing it to go up or down;</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAdHn13haoOms-Q3ta4IzNbB00h-_DWjSuWHCAWPtif1-RhwklrEPgnY_bZql25XKfOXEYDsG0rbmqrkWRVRxw7YYzMxnHRrgfD1QAVpGk5UZ13wwEHwk44ohir8mT3FsxBVXGAsqmFmwZFzTGWtDTW8vZgAVy3JFbhkjDhiu4qd_ZQ4yIYFILovcVKiY/s1879/Eixo%20vertical.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1173" data-original-width="1879" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAdHn13haoOms-Q3ta4IzNbB00h-_DWjSuWHCAWPtif1-RhwklrEPgnY_bZql25XKfOXEYDsG0rbmqrkWRVRxw7YYzMxnHRrgfD1QAVpGk5UZ13wwEHwk44ohir8mT3FsxBVXGAsqmFmwZFzTGWtDTW8vZgAVy3JFbhkjDhiu4qd_ZQ4yIYFILovcVKiY/w640-h400/Eixo%20vertical.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>2- and the vertical axis, controlling the yaw to the right and left through the tail rudder;</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_b-p1ClG3YGLlWViOOxla1Gnzw1nn5chfq8C5q_opNmI63RlRlxqdq2QLH1aPDUTCag-KCTrACYXr8Tw7xbfw_5tAbobr7_Fjjqatj_IZyWCbV7DB3A_xRvbrUNb6HGy-uzBemnXk5DKhPngR5OS2sGu1pbbqzOkrQxX4sE1M4om4r_CHkpOl-QpCbno/s1879/Eixo%20de%20rolagem.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1173" data-original-width="1879" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_b-p1ClG3YGLlWViOOxla1Gnzw1nn5chfq8C5q_opNmI63RlRlxqdq2QLH1aPDUTCag-KCTrACYXr8Tw7xbfw_5tAbobr7_Fjjqatj_IZyWCbV7DB3A_xRvbrUNb6HGy-uzBemnXk5DKhPngR5OS2sGu1pbbqzOkrQxX4sE1M4om4r_CHkpOl-QpCbno/w640-h400/Eixo%20de%20rolagem.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>The third axis of flight, the roll axis, will only appear on airplanes, we'll talk about them later.</div><div><br /></div><div>Despite the numerous achievements with the number 1, there were a few more tweaks to the project that had to be made.</div><div><br /></div><div>Even having a small ballon in the center of the envelope, which could be inflated at the sign of loss of tone, the elongated cylindrical shape of the number one meant that the center had little ability to remain intact, and when it did, it would bend in a V shape and fall directly to the ground. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFuK1z9KCLGMUyzTTBGjXqDmouGu6w-D_MjRRml4DKw3c01inj4_Ghn99mA1yXVMKLT7wk-VaUwQK-Ywk9gTF9fY8gXJLRd7UGIPjtyzpPyYt15sWaK6MlLSVm8zFxqSrzydskdNfxbCcUuG8FLUjEZYFIuBUMOa3ij3qOi7GMNR19N90pkBZ3qaAFDWrF/s1841/N2%20em%20alta.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1164" data-original-width="1841" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFuK1z9KCLGMUyzTTBGjXqDmouGu6w-D_MjRRml4DKw3c01inj4_Ghn99mA1yXVMKLT7wk-VaUwQK-Ywk9gTF9fY8gXJLRd7UGIPjtyzpPyYt15sWaK6MlLSVm8zFxqSrzydskdNfxbCcUuG8FLUjEZYFIuBUMOa3ij3qOi7GMNR19N90pkBZ3qaAFDWrF/w640-h404/N2%20em%20alta.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9scHhDHw-XICnuz4y7Ry_eOVw1mpuiAcFT0PGNYopEePWI1WPclYcMIAB2uKsVZBSANdmH9oz4RemYA2Tfji2hSovGi3lK2hZ5TC5-gmHI8HNmubOKlfZh5F3giSn-fGvaWJgN2i_d1b2ZgwwtWwUE-tCTZAuATghRl29WdZa05QuEfMCR3Xqef2ZTB3h/s1502/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9scHhDHw-XICnuz4y7Ry_eOVw1mpuiAcFT0PGNYopEePWI1WPclYcMIAB2uKsVZBSANdmH9oz4RemYA2Tfji2hSovGi3lK2hZ5TC5-gmHI8HNmubOKlfZh5F3giSn-fGvaWJgN2i_d1b2ZgwwtWwUE-tCTZAuATghRl29WdZa05QuEfMCR3Xqef2ZTB3h/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div></div><div>Another very characteristic adjustment that made it leave number 1 and go to number 2 was to remove the rudder from the cables and place it in the stern of the envelope.</div><div><br /></div><div>But still the envelope continued to bend in the center. It was then that he decided to make airship number 3, in the shape of a rugby ball. With this airship he achieved perfect flight autonomy, but still with little power and poor maneuverability.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN4e7B9AZS0C3o0V7c6PSIvpwoD5ChdFwOgMYvv8FTOsleE0yv911jQnhtfwo5k2fGp4hIQtzwLnNVrvjF5kJjK_5hrcWi9FETSYq7BD04N2mwjxH5Kt5Oh7U15T_zCpXvvUWWiyvccCt6NjfJQarck3ZP5dxYL3w61Zkq22u6QbUjYE1uzn8h29VPw0_M/s2666/Numero%203%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN4e7B9AZS0C3o0V7c6PSIvpwoD5ChdFwOgMYvv8FTOsleE0yv911jQnhtfwo5k2fGp4hIQtzwLnNVrvjF5kJjK_5hrcWi9FETSYq7BD04N2mwjxH5Kt5Oh7U15T_zCpXvvUWWiyvccCt6NjfJQarck3ZP5dxYL3w61Zkq22u6QbUjYE1uzn8h29VPw0_M/w640-h480/Numero%203%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju9cFp2tosE6NoVxkTQwZSviutguhL-VA9NFAxWtNpzG_6WYqjiy3alUe1G7IX6O9dgcKA6Ztyz1Hppv5795SXNLAfdgZzqoVV6aUXpQ4I5NW-MFpsLZxZTQT9Nh5T9dBdiGjHw6IHKFGfRZ2XEZ79tJkDk3-mlVcjls2HfDD5pPmexRQkrN2IX0Puv5D8/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju9cFp2tosE6NoVxkTQwZSviutguhL-VA9NFAxWtNpzG_6WYqjiy3alUe1G7IX6O9dgcKA6Ztyz1Hppv5795SXNLAfdgZzqoVV6aUXpQ4I5NW-MFpsLZxZTQT9Nh5T9dBdiGjHw6IHKFGfRZ2XEZ79tJkDk3-mlVcjls2HfDD5pPmexRQkrN2IX0Puv5D8/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div><div>Another important change that Santos=Dumont made with the N-3 was the lengthening of the bamboo shaft to consolidate engine, seat, ballasts more efficiently. With number 3 SD made several flights over Paris.</div><div><br /></div><div>Dumont's method was simple and elegantly scientific, the modifications often coming from his multidisciplinary experiences.</div><div><br /></div><div>He gradually became a better pilot, engineer and designer – all at breakneck speed. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmbPijT64ird49V478bYrfoWNRP4_xfLwOLQdhEbR1iLA-Xn70hH-60-AqdgmuRodymMNvMx7rMofz0zpQC5_8zz40fDPGnOivpG1mwPxBCRRRFr5bbXlNMN6MuaI-EO7AFfHxPNM5YhFnzpJ0otPtPDNax_DyFqjh700OEplYyEu4if7RZH0UeOjtIkF5/s1377/Numero%204%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="538" data-original-width="1377" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmbPijT64ird49V478bYrfoWNRP4_xfLwOLQdhEbR1iLA-Xn70hH-60-AqdgmuRodymMNvMx7rMofz0zpQC5_8zz40fDPGnOivpG1mwPxBCRRRFr5bbXlNMN6MuaI-EO7AFfHxPNM5YhFnzpJ0otPtPDNax_DyFqjh700OEplYyEu4if7RZH0UeOjtIkF5/w640-h250/Numero%204%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>It is from that moment on in his life that Dumont starts to conceive his inventions as extensions of his body, which would later make him known for being for a long time the only man to pilot the so-called “wearable aircrafts” with each innovation. Replacing the ropes tied to the wicker basket with key handles, he sought to improve item by item in a continuous process of efficiency and practicality.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgknWQe8KQ7Uj5bzetKH83joC0I8i2vOGxnsvxtCnFAKJJs3nDFIO_X4wSmGXfpHp5gHXQvbmWFRs-F4cgbH9PVFw5gC3_2SUIYU78BnODm6AArImU7j_xloBqPA2yNkSmGXXOf0cVmBCCZvkgOQdyNgg3ESi55IzsbkAeKhyAcnwnv12uZHiADBJVe42Q/s1502/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N4%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgknWQe8KQ7Uj5bzetKH83joC0I8i2vOGxnsvxtCnFAKJJs3nDFIO_X4wSmGXfpHp5gHXQvbmWFRs-F4cgbH9PVFw5gC3_2SUIYU78BnODm6AArImU7j_xloBqPA2yNkSmGXXOf0cVmBCCZvkgOQdyNgg3ESi55IzsbkAeKhyAcnwnv12uZHiADBJVe42Q/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N4%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>With number four Dumont tested several innovations, abandoned the wicker basket as a central element and started to adopt rigid nacelles, when he realized the benefits of the rigid bamboo of number 3.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU61isU1wNNWHfqQr6qGNVImoFd7UQD4GZQYAGwJQ5QY48Or0mZgZHhUHqL_eErSrRmQ0IF5Q8alTJvOnEojDuTHD1CqgsYGRFjiue922upLmYmmrvR5PRzpmz_tO5aA5w9T9KBZHVq-4eEOuBCvCWERu21WTX6foNrJl7kIJNLu6Xyt9GQJRXRTH6hrw/s1502/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N4%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1127" data-original-width="1502" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiU61isU1wNNWHfqQr6qGNVImoFd7UQD4GZQYAGwJQ5QY48Or0mZgZHhUHqL_eErSrRmQ0IF5Q8alTJvOnEojDuTHD1CqgsYGRFjiue922upLmYmmrvR5PRzpmz_tO5aA5w9T9KBZHVq-4eEOuBCvCWERu21WTX6foNrJl7kIJNLu6Xyt9GQJRXRTH6hrw/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N4%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>He also increased the volume of the envelope, first to 420 and then to 520 m3 of hydrogen.</div><div><br /></div><div>In addition, it replaced sand ballast with liquid ballast.</div><div><br /></div><div>Another important replacement was that of the engine, changing from his picturesque De Dion Boutton modified, first to a 2cl Buchet with 7hp and then to another 4cl Buchet with 16hp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Number 4 brought great advances to his airships, but he still noticed some defects that needed modifications.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC6jcQ_J_lifTl306wAgsZMxgPgHQHkYW7Pb-mpoInflRX9j-lLnGlX-VTV_3a3hynLOdOk6jnUkK07-gal8nthS05-dSKoeiecrxesVoToNVzUc6rULjmkqLfVoMDTxBiXcZz0pTqQjV617o5BSMTiKYb8CtIeBl4BRrUXXtc3ijj1JV4UG-3ccEDzFc/s1136/n4.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1136" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC6jcQ_J_lifTl306wAgsZMxgPgHQHkYW7Pb-mpoInflRX9j-lLnGlX-VTV_3a3hynLOdOk6jnUkK07-gal8nthS05-dSKoeiecrxesVoToNVzUc6rULjmkqLfVoMDTxBiXcZz0pTqQjV617o5BSMTiKYb8CtIeBl4BRrUXXtc3ijj1JV4UG-3ccEDzFc/w640-h360/n4.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>The first of these was a nacelle-like structure that could be a much more efficient nacelle to carry the fuel tank, liquid ballast tank and much more.</div><div><br /></div><div>He also understood that the bicycle saddle did not have the necessary safety conditions compared to the simple and highly efficient resource that is the wicker basket.</div><div><br /></div><div>And finally, due to constant colds that he got due to the wind generated by the propeller, he decided to change the layout, which no longer pulled the airship but started to push it through the air.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhPEZSHO3xMGwIlxHIaGY19Rh5lK3lWQoMRr72V2m8lqXpcC4q7K7sl-hotQaNPNESF39oepU_qiIdeRAGJAoS7Rjsa6u02uKCSd8ZZJ8FK6RRUabdXTdpr50EGqPNvelKeTc-VMw8v7YSrbwJg7NhrukV-hiUVYjzqsDMlYl3gHr3VGzmt06r1EaGLa43/s1600/Fatum%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1235" data-original-width="1600" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhPEZSHO3xMGwIlxHIaGY19Rh5lK3lWQoMRr72V2m8lqXpcC4q7K7sl-hotQaNPNESF39oepU_qiIdeRAGJAoS7Rjsa6u02uKCSd8ZZJ8FK6RRUabdXTdpr50EGqPNvelKeTc-VMw8v7YSrbwJg7NhrukV-hiUVYjzqsDMlYl3gHr3VGzmt06r1EaGLa43/w640-h494/Fatum%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Meanwhile, Santos=Dumont and Emmanuel Aimé build a balloon called Le Fatum, with the aim of carrying out aerostatic balance experiments. It was a balloon with a detachable cuff made of frou-frou fabric, with black and white paint, called Thermosphére. It was an elongated aircraft 7 meters high and 310 cubic meters.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvc6kvj6nNgQoGHPTgRSpDxIg5-xDr_1Xc1vv1aoHC6cb6POZOLt-K7LGcvhyf-pEmzkRnwXvKtTB6NZOvZxY7ekDFRraNbSEXgM55HcEPJ7T1RKqTGshZUvuxPOL67Vptgdv04UAIdWoD_qRjJksacEhQJFSf-2Yilp8Ulj7sFFEnm9c1cWMAnnT0rifn/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20Le%20Fatum%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvc6kvj6nNgQoGHPTgRSpDxIg5-xDr_1Xc1vv1aoHC6cb6POZOLt-K7LGcvhyf-pEmzkRnwXvKtTB6NZOvZxY7ekDFRraNbSEXgM55HcEPJ7T1RKqTGshZUvuxPOL67Vptgdv04UAIdWoD_qRjJksacEhQJFSf-2Yilp8Ulj7sFFEnm9c1cWMAnnT0rifn/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20Le%20Fatum%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>The first flight took place on May 30, 1901.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><b>And behold, champion airships arrives </b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div><div>Its new nacelle is made of pine wood, attached to the Japanese silk envelope by means of piano strings. The seal of the involucre is a compound with latex, specially developed by the company La Chambre & Marchuron, so that Santos=Dumont has the best chances of winning the Deutsch prize – whose 11-kilometer route was to leave the Saint-Cloud Aerodrome, go around the Eiffel Tower and back in less than 30 minutes.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont worked harder than anyone else to win the prize, he had no competitors to match, he successfully completed the long route on July 12, 1901, falling the next day in the chestnut trees of Baron de Roschild.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqe2qxoA3ZUIMHV0HXE-r2GlL_4iyGlHvOPT_jwYIPthjPvQLirA8i5wY9Mh9v3e2CcTaXEkQVnsA_Mt1k1t7Y70C3Yt1Qv2IC75kVddD_pdBFRxuS1v-UaBPLTQlJ3-nj2NaN_F2u02CGvSeagyOYZy3sZjrrO6MZGcbyJRCS1IwMxTGSC2jFWD6uix_X/s1600/Numero%205%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="690" data-original-width="1600" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqe2qxoA3ZUIMHV0HXE-r2GlL_4iyGlHvOPT_jwYIPthjPvQLirA8i5wY9Mh9v3e2CcTaXEkQVnsA_Mt1k1t7Y70C3Yt1Qv2IC75kVddD_pdBFRxuS1v-UaBPLTQlJ3-nj2NaN_F2u02CGvSeagyOYZy3sZjrrO6MZGcbyJRCS1IwMxTGSC2jFWD6uix_X/w640-h276/Numero%205%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont Dirigible N. 5 </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Wym4krmg2fxplwipErY8seG0LhAmnKos1u2TWDl9AcDbmgml77fvSDaelCRB6n9Kma39oS78KtyOCG8lbUxPsmrjzuCFZFkkpE1iWvWaqbNYKnPokrVn0Nf-3MRhXFrlY-sV5ZWiumfirZQYU3MnmLpa1ekZYyZjdasB3e3ACzAPy_5UAV41zz-bNfkg/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N5.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9Wym4krmg2fxplwipErY8seG0LhAmnKos1u2TWDl9AcDbmgml77fvSDaelCRB6n9Kma39oS78KtyOCG8lbUxPsmrjzuCFZFkkpE1iWvWaqbNYKnPokrVn0Nf-3MRhXFrlY-sV5ZWiumfirZQYU3MnmLpa1ekZYyZjdasB3e3ACzAPy_5UAV41zz-bNfkg/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N5.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Santos=Dumont Dirigible N. 5 in details</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>He continued his flights until he suffered a serious accident on August 8 at the Trocadero hotel.</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4p6UGj_r7abMSsrAcU_6Vt6nCFEXI-CIYW3k94EBcTWQBC9z69jTbqilntMgTz2YLylJrZJuq9meFeyNcv06-JUY19UGLLJbbJS_t2qNcjccIYVcXKZoVRaUnDczfi52gJm5125OJPymCvGjQcrZkcqAegSZtnb9C5FpgvMMxSnOAj1xn1u3Ajn5ofvjv/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N6.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4p6UGj_r7abMSsrAcU_6Vt6nCFEXI-CIYW3k94EBcTWQBC9z69jTbqilntMgTz2YLylJrZJuq9meFeyNcv06-JUY19UGLLJbbJS_t2qNcjccIYVcXKZoVRaUnDczfi52gJm5125OJPymCvGjQcrZkcqAegSZtnb9C5FpgvMMxSnOAj1xn1u3Ajn5ofvjv/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N6.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Santos=Dumont Dirigible N. 6 in details</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;">Domont quickly fixed the number 5 by creating the number 6.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">As usual, he made important changes, moving the basket and engine closer to the bow and increasing the tail rudder.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjalO4eLnN1cMoel7ZyuK3ao4ZD042olZCHOFAhA_s8wkTWx7EUPWyFEWhBtlIgZBw41i8xvazAH86KQkl8lfE9hDetDa4QY5M6cLLUDbtVIoWt5MbB19ElE7cPbuwmvCLnlwJeEDEf1aRDZ5v_hDCeEw-RqJhB3qGvXKPzUwF6e-JwfGoGMeSFRk1si9uQ/s1600/Numero%206%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="690" data-original-width="1600" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjalO4eLnN1cMoel7ZyuK3ao4ZD042olZCHOFAhA_s8wkTWx7EUPWyFEWhBtlIgZBw41i8xvazAH86KQkl8lfE9hDetDa4QY5M6cLLUDbtVIoWt5MbB19ElE7cPbuwmvCLnlwJeEDEf1aRDZ5v_hDCeEw-RqJhB3qGvXKPzUwF6e-JwfGoGMeSFRk1si9uQ/w640-h276/Numero%206%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Santos=Dumont Dirigible N. 6</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div>He had his first flight on September 6, 1901 and ended up winning the Deutsche prize on October 19 of the same year, becoming the first man to sail through the air.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>COMPETITION & TOURING AIRSHIPS</b></div><div><br /></div><div>N.7 was built to participate in the Louis World's Fair, an international exhibition held in the state of Missouri, in the United States, from April 30 to December 1, 1904.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqpsbmwCo4-EY6n-Ot_ix6-V0Ebdj19rnu6kQrnR0azRQjmNUHtDXiyX5HJnE5X2SK8GFSy1cTj5Txkrrt_wn50NQVfoLn7fkGUB3mvdXgvkRjO3nmjKJ0aHVxn_e8j2IyXNfGiGF3wzdyJgxXFM7a_l6Ff6cAqy9YYZ5mvjB4b3EIBSykn3Xly__Sg4Ns/s1879/N7%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1185" data-original-width="1879" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqpsbmwCo4-EY6n-Ot_ix6-V0Ebdj19rnu6kQrnR0azRQjmNUHtDXiyX5HJnE5X2SK8GFSy1cTj5Txkrrt_wn50NQVfoLn7fkGUB3mvdXgvkRjO3nmjKJ0aHVxn_e8j2IyXNfGiGF3wzdyJgxXFM7a_l6Ff6cAqy9YYZ5mvjB4b3EIBSykn3Xly__Sg4Ns/w640-h404/N7%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBIAsxhIYgPungBl-hesx5gO6HxckuJpAN7NmbyuPDelBqg-PmbG9iUEWG6oobJmKKE4ufGNYAguJ_nHJxUCxY8KMF1nla-Rzwyq5XbIAjCseI0jGD8us5ExsCy0kNiItmyi691_TWBuSS3T3FWv4PLrkDMqSFk3_zaOBMu1EYiVRq_GT3rafSWDwAMqp4/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N7.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBIAsxhIYgPungBl-hesx5gO6HxckuJpAN7NmbyuPDelBqg-PmbG9iUEWG6oobJmKKE4ufGNYAguJ_nHJxUCxY8KMF1nla-Rzwyq5XbIAjCseI0jGD8us5ExsCy0kNiItmyi691_TWBuSS3T3FWv4PLrkDMqSFk3_zaOBMu1EYiVRq_GT3rafSWDwAMqp4/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N7.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>The airship was dispatched on June 6th, and encountered a series of setbacks before reaching the US. First, an exorbitant customs fee was charged to retrieve the boat and then it was found that the package arrived damaged. There are indeed suspicions of sabotage related to these incidents.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>MISSING MEMORIES</b></div><div><br /></div><div>From the end of 1902 on, Santos=Dumont passages are not very clarified. Unfortunately, Santos=Dumont's life could have been better documented, were it not for the episode in Benérville, on the French coast near the Balneario de Deuaville, in which he himself burns his documents, photos and personal objects.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji6CBJiMIIAmOoI0UtSb760T5Zplisa-8DCNTMW7raoI5v599l23P22pyN54_iqJEx2VSmcoiUHNWOvsWt-25mNO3Lbzhl6jp1galMSNOmLU0I6SeJwrrNEm4H3xp2ZM2mfBk5l7AXPzZQ8Qdscs46Z7z7-nnjosJ54RsTbB2wK4vOJFknVReWNF7JsmA/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N8.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji6CBJiMIIAmOoI0UtSb760T5Zplisa-8DCNTMW7raoI5v599l23P22pyN54_iqJEx2VSmcoiUHNWOvsWt-25mNO3Lbzhl6jp1galMSNOmLU0I6SeJwrrNEm4H3xp2ZM2mfBk5l7AXPzZQ8Qdscs46Z7z7-nnjosJ54RsTbB2wK4vOJFknVReWNF7JsmA/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N8.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">It was the 1st airship to fly in America, piloted by Mr. Boyce on October 1, 1902</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>So it is accepted that maybe the airship No. 8, acquired by Boyce, is the modified No. 6, just as the No. 6 came from modifications to No. 5 after the August 8 accident. The criteria for numbering Dumont's dirigibles were never clear <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2023/07/who-was-edward-c-boyce-man-who-composed.html">(see more).</a></div><div><br /></div><div>With that, perhaps Nº 8 or Nº 6 was the first airship to fly on American soil, piloted and purchased by Mr. Boyce on October 1, 1902.</div><div><br /></div><div>For chronology purposes I also include the explanatory drawing of number 8.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHTGcfdrNaqWjMD5oSxwVI9YDzRXA4nHGTfcNlRY8Z6O0FW9zsTNJ7ZMdJhgUUcb9B-zrQ5l-l0S48CB5N7JZFecYzqsDrfTfoLHjX8k4dLOpXIFUneWZIkPeCOOvxpb4-cLbKg5wqaanzxpnJ7Ihs42ybJvjXrYKomnCNcVXTANOsRrwou6aDXodVMzS5/s1070/N9%20Baladeuse%20em%20alta%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="690" data-original-width="1070" height="412" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHTGcfdrNaqWjMD5oSxwVI9YDzRXA4nHGTfcNlRY8Z6O0FW9zsTNJ7ZMdJhgUUcb9B-zrQ5l-l0S48CB5N7JZFecYzqsDrfTfoLHjX8k4dLOpXIFUneWZIkPeCOOvxpb4-cLbKg5wqaanzxpnJ7Ihs42ybJvjXrYKomnCNcVXTANOsRrwou6aDXodVMzS5/w640-h412/N9%20Baladeuse%20em%20alta%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The first version of “La Baladeuse“ with a capacity of 220m3 of gas</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>However, it was with balloon Nº9, called “La Baladeuse“, that Dumont began to realize several other dreams, flying like someone driving a chariot through the air of Paris (hence the name).</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkfKjcGUAW7lfXdBrz5qAqYkjg4dWH6gMkcBhGoXQRhSt7HmY5KK7xtO_Gsxff51JGUWTob0_SdvUUTGP8-ZexRnnvs4_FpXFl52UM14OVt5ZJ52zpcB0Nrzx9rXYP9zT0Zo7qUs7Ae6AKWcwGT-vziTEDW06BbkYyGyHfCn3fKx36l8iOWgATfs6gDMbR/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N9%201%20La%20Balladeuse.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkfKjcGUAW7lfXdBrz5qAqYkjg4dWH6gMkcBhGoXQRhSt7HmY5KK7xtO_Gsxff51JGUWTob0_SdvUUTGP8-ZexRnnvs4_FpXFl52UM14OVt5ZJ52zpcB0Nrzx9rXYP9zT0Zo7qUs7Ae6AKWcwGT-vziTEDW06BbkYyGyHfCn3fKx36l8iOWgATfs6gDMbR/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N9%201%20La%20Balladeuse.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbmgMiDMZrrV6mHPuY49zDbISU3b7UXLL05xZI3WzVaLN0f84qrNkEAlcZBO0zyjNyAJpIBjiYdfUAgUyRvR8vwhgHHOJ3XXBwOudt1k60DtrWzD6anUWNOEg0TY9X12v35ntwN8RDchqhWRtMorxgwNv005C6x-Tacwhkf55Bo8V-7-FG0dzD7KS9EfBE/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N9%202%20La%20Balladeuse.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbmgMiDMZrrV6mHPuY49zDbISU3b7UXLL05xZI3WzVaLN0f84qrNkEAlcZBO0zyjNyAJpIBjiYdfUAgUyRvR8vwhgHHOJ3XXBwOudt1k60DtrWzD6anUWNOEg0TY9X12v35ntwN8RDchqhWRtMorxgwNv005C6x-Tacwhkf55Bo8V-7-FG0dzD7KS9EfBE/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N9%202%20La%20Balladeuse.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div>Since June 24, 1903, he had been flying at night with an enormous headlamp, made by his personal friend, the also famous Louis Blériot, stopping by her apartment for coffee, going to La Casacade to meet friends, even transporting people on his flights.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPFxVjJ_2u4YRZTanBvvlh0z6W7LpIsfCtA8pLCvEnQjDzweXkFmVE6mu4F5LCZxbDlF51pSOjn-Ae1frVkRIoyKxL2fTYrGasY_nt59TfPSZ7Wf2GEsWefJWT4bCz5VMfZv14vH0bfRBKGz3FaP3loVROY0ATTsOd8WvHJj1R8evCjefvnJ2pZ0e4F_YU/s1070/N9%20Baladeuse%20em%20alta%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="690" data-original-width="1070" height="412" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPFxVjJ_2u4YRZTanBvvlh0z6W7LpIsfCtA8pLCvEnQjDzweXkFmVE6mu4F5LCZxbDlF51pSOjn-Ae1frVkRIoyKxL2fTYrGasY_nt59TfPSZ7Wf2GEsWefJWT4bCz5VMfZv14vH0bfRBKGz3FaP3loVROY0ATTsOd8WvHJj1R8evCjefvnJ2pZ0e4F_YU/w640-h412/N9%20Baladeuse%20em%20alta%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">With the second version of “La Baladeuse“, now with a capacity of 261m3 of gas, it made night flights with a huge headlamp</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div>The first woman to pilot an airship in history was Aida de Acosta, driving her number 9, on July 11, 1903.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnzwhmtgvkLu_8ombe83x9DVwyFQlrr7Bmg7fkoFOlmwrCervd0u1im7twv9zhL9Sjtr2MCj3G-G_xDfCdCgs_sv2BvHNc3utG62_emfN9PmQ2kSXxJl-lCiL3-7UFTvU54KnINLk0WuqopTEv1z0w18lZOPAN6DiIdCXIIvApsrhuowEUlfIEQMimFpJ0/s1600/Numero%2010%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="689" data-original-width="1600" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnzwhmtgvkLu_8ombe83x9DVwyFQlrr7Bmg7fkoFOlmwrCervd0u1im7twv9zhL9Sjtr2MCj3G-G_xDfCdCgs_sv2BvHNc3utG62_emfN9PmQ2kSXxJl-lCiL3-7UFTvU54KnINLk0WuqopTEv1z0w18lZOPAN6DiIdCXIIvApsrhuowEUlfIEQMimFpJ0/w640-h276/Numero%2010%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkqorsSCxmwQpLgRiIfEOBsZ_w5z1y4n8iBqgDjE0f-k9btHKrVntv4pbqe8ZuXx0oubRpQR55Xbsnz9ofCemQNGjvB1mgKFvZiTaFbcsTbI_1DiXu6ZRhd5ndXmO0Tr4v_57H3wvFYfb7Nj7ievAYfIvCdxdZS1tqfm9RlNWv1rJ696NN2FRcD3AQ6kpk/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N10%20LOminibus.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkqorsSCxmwQpLgRiIfEOBsZ_w5z1y4n8iBqgDjE0f-k9btHKrVntv4pbqe8ZuXx0oubRpQR55Xbsnz9ofCemQNGjvB1mgKFvZiTaFbcsTbI_1DiXu6ZRhd5ndXmO0Tr4v_57H3wvFYfb7Nj7ievAYfIvCdxdZS1tqfm9RlNWv1rJ696NN2FRcD3AQ6kpk/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N10%20LOminibus.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Even taking great pleasure in fulfilling his dreams of personal flights, Dumont was a humanist, he understood that his inventions should not only serve his individual pleasures, flight was an achievement for humanity.</div><div><br /></div><div>In this sense, in November 1903, he developed an Omnibus capable of carrying a few more pairs of wicker baskets in its nacelle to transport passengers.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCSp0_C7xTCD2szQXG8xDt43XSpMo6GW5LTpBmwjYHN_un0pXKPg9EIj4ObRgIdjeO7W4oPd3HyaQAIUuSJ83XNXnyVPMFmJCE0RkSnxUbN_DZ7gBssFCLzQ4rfGDHSrRc5jup3mPaa5xrbYVDrufUFGpDXJH6Bsvho_nyobngZNgHEljXhHcp0GKtnV0u/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N11.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCSp0_C7xTCD2szQXG8xDt43XSpMo6GW5LTpBmwjYHN_un0pXKPg9EIj4ObRgIdjeO7W4oPd3HyaQAIUuSJ83XNXnyVPMFmJCE0RkSnxUbN_DZ7gBssFCLzQ4rfGDHSrRc5jup3mPaa5xrbYVDrufUFGpDXJH6Bsvho_nyobngZNgHEljXhHcp0GKtnV0u/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N11.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div><div>There is no consensus whether number 11 was really this prototype, here recreated in George Cayley's design, of a 15-meter airplane that was supposed to fly with a 24 hp Levavasseur engine.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>TRIP TO THE ARTICLE</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The dream of living the adventures of Jules Verne never left his head. Inspired by Andrée's expedition to reach the North Pole in 1897, Dumont designs a balloon that combines hydrogen and hot air, with the aim of keeping gases at a good temperature and not falling like Salomon Andrée, on his third day of travel.</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbPNxr3mwQQJCjXhFF1ogiE96VRsiO7fwghf9OrJ0aJ0dEbbG9-5okFzfQJMw6w8bu_NHmd9rwZyzdJf7vDFHzhtClhxFNPhb0q4-evAbqyQ7R9UkE4jQOMo1TQQJbOf00Ubrf0LDMxK1eJF8KjF3dDEbhuEMNLqhA5oafeNmuJvJXOiCveqj1aqGcljBn/s2666/Numero%2012%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbPNxr3mwQQJCjXhFF1ogiE96VRsiO7fwghf9OrJ0aJ0dEbbG9-5okFzfQJMw6w8bu_NHmd9rwZyzdJf7vDFHzhtClhxFNPhb0q4-evAbqyQ7R9UkE4jQOMo1TQQJbOf00Ubrf0LDMxK1eJF8KjF3dDEbhuEMNLqhA5oafeNmuJvJXOiCveqj1aqGcljBn/w640-h480/Numero%2012%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF44uULOC1s95QQmtdmWC93brI6f41MOSSzYMWJrGOsPA_KNXuIdZm5R2aH1CmC5emnQ0SkWct45q1WymwZan5achmRghGtkp1lcMJIcuHJP7ty5q-LuuFVWzU-7A_nwI4yupB0Jt5J2AaV6Zbu28tMzjc-oyYMGqYhapcD4tSwTIK4od9JdfflziBXjVI/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N12.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF44uULOC1s95QQmtdmWC93brI6f41MOSSzYMWJrGOsPA_KNXuIdZm5R2aH1CmC5emnQ0SkWct45q1WymwZan5achmRghGtkp1lcMJIcuHJP7ty5q-LuuFVWzU-7A_nwI4yupB0Jt5J2AaV6Zbu28tMzjc-oyYMGqYhapcD4tSwTIK4od9JdfflziBXjVI/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N12.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div>Another possible solution for not suffering from the pressure of gases in the cold could have been solved by replacing the upward force of the gas envelope with the propellers of a helicopter, supposedly associated with the number 12 by Henrique Lins de Barros and other biographers.</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1r_U6Ya-lVdT0jjp20pUYF5V9aYvEqQmTPXbGRAjaNlROpeolDv_HZfWZyLQjUzgXYhAhqoZ2r19LRIWzWviNmBrrlqquvb3O6S_rpUZiw1PrWS_ZPDiiqZ7qJIhxZo3B7FDjLHo5gtKM7CVWSKsQB438_wr8gtvvy-bYph9vxBEXZJkNjNqaW3xquL3H/s2666/Numero%2013%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1r_U6Ya-lVdT0jjp20pUYF5V9aYvEqQmTPXbGRAjaNlROpeolDv_HZfWZyLQjUzgXYhAhqoZ2r19LRIWzWviNmBrrlqquvb3O6S_rpUZiw1PrWS_ZPDiiqZ7qJIhxZo3B7FDjLHo5gtKM7CVWSKsQB438_wr8gtvvy-bYph9vxBEXZJkNjNqaW3xquL3H/w640-h480/Numero%2013%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg__tmxXA1PdQA7GMwyN-9OnvFti10Q-ftC3R2drYuqq1PeA2IBSQZsDSDhUa019b96v40yKM9_k1mHjld4dlMaGOTQocXllhDfyvoYYak20dOnPnhBVMIEs4R3w7cgx-SQlMOoyukx6A5Pu5y8q7x20D8B6wzCoLeztKkTDDjnrtKjqgDQShAk_kFiUpNn/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N13.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg__tmxXA1PdQA7GMwyN-9OnvFti10Q-ftC3R2drYuqq1PeA2IBSQZsDSDhUa019b96v40yKM9_k1mHjld4dlMaGOTQocXllhDfyvoYYak20dOnPnhBVMIEs4R3w7cgx-SQlMOoyukx6A5Pu5y8q7x20D8B6wzCoLeztKkTDDjnrtKjqgDQShAk_kFiUpNn/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N13.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div></div><div><div><div>THE VARIOUS 14'ERS</div><div><br /></div><div>Still with the intention of creating racing aircraft, simplifying and making their inventions more elegant, they were the watchword. Santos=Dumont presents his airship number 14 on the beach of Trouville - the smallest airship in the world.</div><div><br /></div><div>Placing the propeller immediately in front of the basket and a short steering wheel, all in one set, it attracted attention due to the elongated shape of its 40-meter-long enclosure.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYIyNU51NRvuKn03hBsCWOJsN2Vj9CNWItwYTcMo8V8LBIwxoXBiy6a9t4xe40-PdN8by9EGqV1MwSkjXRjgmG-tfHBhUby1Ww56sSbPNax1P9L4NihqfY1goYO2-BKvmv_FgqECFYhp0inbboh3UIytRLxtfg0i7QTRbDIlikKMzIUlfLzIb0u_QU7iaP/s2666/Numero%2014%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYIyNU51NRvuKn03hBsCWOJsN2Vj9CNWItwYTcMo8V8LBIwxoXBiy6a9t4xe40-PdN8by9EGqV1MwSkjXRjgmG-tfHBhUby1Ww56sSbPNax1P9L4NihqfY1goYO2-BKvmv_FgqECFYhp0inbboh3UIytRLxtfg0i7QTRbDIlikKMzIUlfLzIb0u_QU7iaP/w640-h480/Numero%2014%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-n2kGnRAAS1lVEpuy8Ivr8HFSytqpjWKoPbZhFj73ZPvOyUcXRab0itt1SagDZh1N8ZxQrUNv25RV_4QDemTpAuWHKCN0JcBaVoVAQKVC-tqBSFZ6MjGEGOxy-q_RhS5ZUJsce-dmvME759Rvw-8SrvSeD91CVoFfTA7nYg9UeIZ3-rqfB_o5jmBCbBhB/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-n2kGnRAAS1lVEpuy8Ivr8HFSytqpjWKoPbZhFj73ZPvOyUcXRab0itt1SagDZh1N8ZxQrUNv25RV_4QDemTpAuWHKCN0JcBaVoVAQKVC-tqBSFZ6MjGEGOxy-q_RhS5ZUJsce-dmvME759Rvw-8SrvSeD91CVoFfTA7nYg9UeIZ3-rqfB_o5jmBCbBhB/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div>He made a few flights with it and soon modified the casing of his "racer", with which he made several flights from August 1905 onwards.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm9j-zCb9wTK6zFut4dBdOBrP9Bs27HPH8hDYy4MaY_K0cmfMs5-Wp-ugsXnx1-8kaUZk_Rmqp1IuJhWw3EABv7cteaDaMwpR-E-N46fkjYEKPkNVEmUM0rQrFH_4ekG9Jsr9FagqXSnNP-W5dSwcMtR_D5-DdAxgO1eD1HJ9sRfL8Viq9zZYrw5UivAA_/s2666/Numero%2014%201%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm9j-zCb9wTK6zFut4dBdOBrP9Bs27HPH8hDYy4MaY_K0cmfMs5-Wp-ugsXnx1-8kaUZk_Rmqp1IuJhWw3EABv7cteaDaMwpR-E-N46fkjYEKPkNVEmUM0rQrFH_4ekG9Jsr9FagqXSnNP-W5dSwcMtR_D5-DdAxgO1eD1HJ9sRfL8Viq9zZYrw5UivAA_/w640-h480/Numero%2014%201%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuQNo0L85lV3EoAfWUrbCfoGbonPkpBQcbPtqmfz48nTAbT2WXFOyfuySeUR6sabyBfwswF946bGwQwvFrjB9ciGFLmUrD1rJ7TbWePXduROa_E0buo79268ayR3kQzAJ2CpVqYayQ2yUtlPgTEF5KoaIoHS-Ep0VOwk67aq1tEq9HBqx6qHXAhvuZd7fP/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20Modificado.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuQNo0L85lV3EoAfWUrbCfoGbonPkpBQcbPtqmfz48nTAbT2WXFOyfuySeUR6sabyBfwswF946bGwQwvFrjB9ciGFLmUrD1rJ7TbWePXduROa_E0buo79268ayR3kQzAJ2CpVqYayQ2yUtlPgTEF5KoaIoHS-Ep0VOwk67aq1tEq9HBqx6qHXAhvuZd7fP/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20Modificado.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div></div><div><div><div>Then, I let Dumont explain his decisions regarding the airplane, in his own words:</div><div><br /></div><div> "The reader will ask me why I didn't build it sooner, at the same time as my airships. It's just that the inventor, like Linnaeus's nature, doesn't make leaps; it progresses smoothly, it evolves. I started by making myself good free balloon pilot and only later did I attack the problem of its drivability. I became a good aeronaut in handling my airships; for many years I studied the oil engine in depth and only when I verified that its state of perfection was enough to fly, I tackled the heavier-than-air problem.</div><div><br /></div><div>The issue of the airplane had been on the agenda for some years now; I, however, never took part in the discussions, because I always believed that the inventor must work in silence; strange opinions never produce anything good".</div><div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK-emy0pECCM3SawX4EvtEX4Mlmdk3CAxFEzTs-4REmjDduDtS2LxgIbFlltSDXRm-lKAzyiHXlCFGV4B0C4dZ0vqgKDf2RdFNDxZHA3egXvBjdeZhKhn8gP2w69l4YNPpE8CPyu1xVqZmW4TlbtpTgIXbNQy1eer83byED4bmsKThYttBsSLOYKYRXfqq/s2666/Numero%2014%20c%2014%20bis%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK-emy0pECCM3SawX4EvtEX4Mlmdk3CAxFEzTs-4REmjDduDtS2LxgIbFlltSDXRm-lKAzyiHXlCFGV4B0C4dZ0vqgKDf2RdFNDxZHA3egXvBjdeZhKhn8gP2w69l4YNPpE8CPyu1xVqZmW4TlbtpTgIXbNQy1eer83byED4bmsKThYttBsSLOYKYRXfqq/w640-h480/Numero%2014%20c%2014%20bis%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAy1Xy175dAED5WvcqJJtMTdC2OZiHgMfXSviZtMDIYpS5q6vuoUXhx7s1fD-Rd29z1BQ6RujaYmL6IqohVuXcYvfKVvGH_XVVV6yqw_70a8PQkvSJeNL82WkXsFDykfIfyTxY21fDR466EUszBAJa23_GeBWV7Lxr8UXVxiBt2zhR7LQZNHxNuUU0BaWR/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20com%20o%2014bis.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAy1Xy175dAED5WvcqJJtMTdC2OZiHgMfXSviZtMDIYpS5q6vuoUXhx7s1fD-Rd29z1BQ6RujaYmL6IqohVuXcYvfKVvGH_XVVV6yqw_70a8PQkvSJeNL82WkXsFDykfIfyTxY21fDR466EUszBAJa23_GeBWV7Lxr8UXVxiBt2zhR7LQZNHxNuUU0BaWR/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20com%20o%2014bis.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div><div><div>On July 19, Dumont began connecting the plane to the N.14 airship, calling it "14-bis" (a name that would become famous).</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>HEAVIER THAN AIR</b></div><div><br /></div><div>After mastering everything about flying with the N14 in conjunction with the 14-bis, Santos=Dumont had already learned to pilot himself.</div><div><br /></div><div>He got rid of the casing (N.14) and began testing a structure built on land he owned in Neuilly, with the help of the famous donkey Cuigno to take the plane back to its highest point.</div><div><br /></div><div>Now that S=D already knew how to fly an airplane, it was finally time for test flights.</div></div></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX-OwwbYyJHjT_pbo2yv1IKvhE-AHqk2Sc0iyc6CdPPU9YaXg3UxqYWJJhx-6If_2-9c8k29s-twqKRFngrBAuc_O5f7F_5MLe_L51UEjqBudn_n2PgBpjbhBXYL2yu3VxCFNeyn8cn9TFi_cepCLK3T5abjiDJE1smZmAWyBqdHd4MdKtwagKlH3pMFt9/s2666/14%20is%20um.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX-OwwbYyJHjT_pbo2yv1IKvhE-AHqk2Sc0iyc6CdPPU9YaXg3UxqYWJJhx-6If_2-9c8k29s-twqKRFngrBAuc_O5f7F_5MLe_L51UEjqBudn_n2PgBpjbhBXYL2yu3VxCFNeyn8cn9TFi_cepCLK3T5abjiDJE1smZmAWyBqdHd4MdKtwagKlH3pMFt9/w640-h480/14%20is%20um.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKxHy0R60DIs8pcWyzZQ6jmh2K_XABREHfDpLQ69ngCNtWkx19dQP_Z1oHXmDUCbu2oUDdy9nhAJ6v_tuJBnwj0lwV0cow8LlsN18ffHK_1Er2kIUj46rlnIhq_0yDyPXQePLraS7Y0socGo1fsCvUDbasytHXToGCA6vlyP_L-CfFAE3KrkkZ-9VaDXuN/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20bis%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKxHy0R60DIs8pcWyzZQ6jmh2K_XABREHfDpLQ69ngCNtWkx19dQP_Z1oHXmDUCbu2oUDdy9nhAJ6v_tuJBnwj0lwV0cow8LlsN18ffHK_1Er2kIUj46rlnIhq_0yDyPXQePLraS7Y0socGo1fsCvUDbasytHXToGCA6vlyP_L-CfFAE3KrkkZ-9VaDXuN/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20bis%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>His dreams come true on September 4, 1906, when he flew for the first time in his plane number 14-Bis named Oiseau de Proie. It was small flights of 7 to 8 meters in the Campo de Bagatelle, but perhaps the happiest day of his life, as he finally managed to take off, with enough force to stay in the air.</div><div><br /></div><div>Upon realizing that he needed the bearing axle (as we saw there arthras), he put ailerons on the tip of each wing.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiqeWu1eruPKPkIknxSIyIyrEf7gKNHtF5kurnT_U2HQNAEsRRXyVGAOB48MM2CQb8F_BSN2nf7PVsIW8M-32qM89z7YJJrnaWhmgMM0-Fv6s0oO3iL6Lm1GTl_lDEZFJnzwxBq2OI9NjLk9m_Hvq2gOIJovm0PAvjDZFoct-IquqdyeRFDQgS0vZqiuSc/s2666/14%20bis%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiqeWu1eruPKPkIknxSIyIyrEf7gKNHtF5kurnT_U2HQNAEsRRXyVGAOB48MM2CQb8F_BSN2nf7PVsIW8M-32qM89z7YJJrnaWhmgMM0-Fv6s0oO3iL6Lm1GTl_lDEZFJnzwxBq2OI9NjLk9m_Hvq2gOIJovm0PAvjDZFoct-IquqdyeRFDQgS0vZqiuSc/w640-h480/14%20bis%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuHYHtlp-h71u1mLQbNXAiu8fma0CP8hJsRf1y74ZAkO2GM9xsCdMkekcXork63bNUl-RKbt6PWHHmFPQIFp4VmG3qqqBvfpGwrjlBglW69FxbjDzy5jI-c54kogiL392E8fIpUj1XKOnF3yi7TDf5NlqgtnnU7FM5g6-HaapGqMNcRBK1SloA-Luq_p98/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20bis%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuHYHtlp-h71u1mLQbNXAiu8fma0CP8hJsRf1y74ZAkO2GM9xsCdMkekcXork63bNUl-RKbt6PWHHmFPQIFp4VmG3qqqBvfpGwrjlBglW69FxbjDzy5jI-c54kogiL392E8fIpUj1XKOnF3yi7TDf5NlqgtnnU7FM5g6-HaapGqMNcRBK1SloA-Luq_p98/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N14%20bis%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>This encouraged him to continue until on the 23rd of October he claimed the Archdeacon's cup, flying 60 meters away from three meters high - Dumont didn't stop there...</div><div><br /></div><div>On November 12, 1906, he also won the prize of the Aeroclube de France.</div></div></div></div></div><div><br /></div><div><div><div><b>AFTER 14-bis</b></div><div><br /></div><div><div><div><div>Once again, Santos=Dumont was not satisfied with the flight of the 14-bis, much still had to be done.</div><div><br /></div><div>Still in the spirit of competitions and with the intention of participating in the Gordon Bennett Cup, as well as giving continuity to the experiments to get rid of ballast in ballooning, started with Le Fatum, Santos=Dumont created Les Deux Ameriques, a spherical balloon with two horizontal propellers that played the role of ballast.</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgif3a8e00HovnflK03EaKvl-9gA7B0OZESlfpYY6oArNyrJLtkOxQY59PYqukXcvEMNqgSpRBuaK-ZFwog2bTJWIppuadc33fzGygwHRWEU4MvPL7orAJz9pg3etP4SdDenLns_jlNUlpCt6UquCJLcEmPWyvpVhq64qY_ui8k5_GLKFxu3pMYQtNglcAG/s1600/Les%20Deux%20Ameriques%20em%20alta.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1235" data-original-width="1600" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgif3a8e00HovnflK03EaKvl-9gA7B0OZESlfpYY6oArNyrJLtkOxQY59PYqukXcvEMNqgSpRBuaK-ZFwog2bTJWIppuadc33fzGygwHRWEU4MvPL7orAJz9pg3etP4SdDenLns_jlNUlpCt6UquCJLcEmPWyvpVhq64qY_ui8k5_GLKFxu3pMYQtNglcAG/w640-h494/Les%20Deux%20Ameriques%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVPIEouxj1_VrtM-LasKn9ab_DUDo6_VmMOa71KpYBKrkh8e9TV0RVKjTaQsLk_4n8BQPT_j4NabvxgGy74WX27N5vDxjmVAaXcB0d_tBIgz_k8MD-ThO5BQ69IZ-i_c1AWFs-Dd3HXgOD3xnIffAhShoYiTCrCMzCIq5rOUjskx1yFIYGhKr7W5U8I4RF/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20Les%20Deux%20Ameriques%20em%20alta.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVPIEouxj1_VrtM-LasKn9ab_DUDo6_VmMOa71KpYBKrkh8e9TV0RVKjTaQsLk_4n8BQPT_j4NabvxgGy74WX27N5vDxjmVAaXcB0d_tBIgz_k8MD-ThO5BQ69IZ-i_c1AWFs-Dd3HXgOD3xnIffAhShoYiTCrCMzCIq5rOUjskx1yFIYGhKr7W5U8I4RF/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20Les%20Deux%20Ameriques%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div><div>It raced on September 30, 1906, starting from the Place de la Concorde in Paris.</div><div><br /></div><div>Unfortunately, he didn't win the prize and decides to go back to flying with the N.15.</div><div><br /></div><div>It was a wooden plywood airplane, it was 16 meters long and 2150 cubic m3, used a 6 horsepower Dion engine to drive two propellers.</div></div></div></div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOX-bpYJKzeEFjiMnaMM9BYtw64ciYRrEvDxp3vb3V7NvRfA8CRG2fDECfv0hSzBtPuHVVjh4Fwqb44mWmeHTJXsHHHAJcBZC2Vyuv8Z8g2V_EUmiLPkfoUV9Gr1bK_PAe9Hf89LIaycK18g7N6weKBMEbBz1TD9JzYenYEZF8xjlmdvEUJ8OLAgdG2v7o/s2666/Numero%2015%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOX-bpYJKzeEFjiMnaMM9BYtw64ciYRrEvDxp3vb3V7NvRfA8CRG2fDECfv0hSzBtPuHVVjh4Fwqb44mWmeHTJXsHHHAJcBZC2Vyuv8Z8g2V_EUmiLPkfoUV9Gr1bK_PAe9Hf89LIaycK18g7N6weKBMEbBz1TD9JzYenYEZF8xjlmdvEUJ8OLAgdG2v7o/w640-h480/Numero%2015%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Number 15, testing controls for the roll axis on March 21, 23 and 27, 1907.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirum2aWYGZDTAyi5fKaUZQPNHkMZZPPLYFpdbbLJoUWvcFahtmZ8K235-Ai4Px2FT4CELQ3OMVh4VeHspA-v2BQkE99qFMvuVxz4t6OEYNSeZh0rHKeqQNstGwjMF7QR8Iz3q4uh92our5PbAJJXpRAoSZJUttZTW-2UcJF0b7UudO6R6tSHf3ZVBzOYkK/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N15.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirum2aWYGZDTAyi5fKaUZQPNHkMZZPPLYFpdbbLJoUWvcFahtmZ8K235-Ai4Px2FT4CELQ3OMVh4VeHspA-v2BQkE99qFMvuVxz4t6OEYNSeZh0rHKeqQNstGwjMF7QR8Iz3q4uh92our5PbAJJXpRAoSZJUttZTW-2UcJF0b7UudO6R6tSHf3ZVBzOYkK/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N15.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Even before the fall of 14-bis on April 4, 1907 in Saint-Cyr, Dumont was already carrying out tests with Number 15, testing controls for the roll axis on March 21, 23 and 27, 1907.</div><div><br /></div><div>From June 1907 to March 1908, Dumont tests the N.16, a hybrid aircraft, with wings and casing, as light as air. The idea is to test engine power and flight controls.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij9nBwmKYQcAD7U6f46glPs8Z0ti66IpE_wxaw1UvS-6XOfrS_hWgPbOPdwG7lPGUsnxhhxFEXeajWRC979SijEQDFnObQOjns47qk5RxNsqSVH-XifwfUoa8C9ol3FN2NznTtoNlG5SXh1R6UzsykBsgRxJOSBVZqcDwJQ3quHDMWHu5j-YGLI_7eKSE/s2666/Numero%2016%20em%20alta%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij9nBwmKYQcAD7U6f46glPs8Z0ti66IpE_wxaw1UvS-6XOfrS_hWgPbOPdwG7lPGUsnxhhxFEXeajWRC979SijEQDFnObQOjns47qk5RxNsqSVH-XifwfUoa8C9ol3FN2NznTtoNlG5SXh1R6UzsykBsgRxJOSBVZqcDwJQ3quHDMWHu5j-YGLI_7eKSE/w640-h480/Numero%2016%20em%20alta%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY_jp3HZzw_ADM3fRpscQ3OHTlHwsasUjVc_RNiTKGYhu8g4xLjO8jh9roRlzogfVXCJb0N5Q5OhKXFM1l9MI1wUjdHemu3Gwm41XVY7zxob8-MldlaDNPLuWw34pRlaudC3HfVdYlmStdUaiHHGlHfUuVorlJFUm1T2nZIP0vhcrFR9seoccZPYlcxr0/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N16.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY_jp3HZzw_ADM3fRpscQ3OHTlHwsasUjVc_RNiTKGYhu8g4xLjO8jh9roRlzogfVXCJb0N5Q5OhKXFM1l9MI1wUjdHemu3Gwm41XVY7zxob8-MldlaDNPLuWw34pRlaudC3HfVdYlmStdUaiHHGlHfUuVorlJFUm1T2nZIP0vhcrFR9seoccZPYlcxr0/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N16.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div>First with the 50 horsepower 8-cylinder Antoinette engine, and then<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5uZ2SNS9F34D5QOnDGV9sclc7vyt1R9O2iCOOYRcv6RDoHKM5k809kLXlxJfw_xBxTPN2sqDDhZQT5kt2o7XX-t8RP_xcyqxFsPAVs8VEuP2MQ-NAo5I8G8bHha58OEATbm_GxIAuSUvMiuiDM6VHeRmLI-ceHpIIVpXcnmasNCGP_KPO-rezZnWgA6M/s2666/Numero%2016%20em%20alta%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5uZ2SNS9F34D5QOnDGV9sclc7vyt1R9O2iCOOYRcv6RDoHKM5k809kLXlxJfw_xBxTPN2sqDDhZQT5kt2o7XX-t8RP_xcyqxFsPAVs8VEuP2MQ-NAo5I8G8bHha58OEATbm_GxIAuSUvMiuiDM6VHeRmLI-ceHpIIVpXcnmasNCGP_KPO-rezZnWgA6M/w640-h480/Numero%2016%20em%20alta%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiku2h6teT5CpHwXf6kzuVCnNocPFeoxsjzkcWwu9YWCtjiqFvFA8bBv1FL6wSIj_QwURF7-9X4KFt2YB2icV3YXm8FaTjbf1fR9bySkxdVrghWa00iJCZKSma8lMx0uDzmC7o5qeqyxBTXjo9lp03guuEwEY-PjfMjUr2bgAO-4i9Oj9FcLauREeQYZLc/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N16%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiku2h6teT5CpHwXf6kzuVCnNocPFeoxsjzkcWwu9YWCtjiqFvFA8bBv1FL6wSIj_QwURF7-9X4KFt2YB2icV3YXm8FaTjbf1fR9bySkxdVrghWa00iJCZKSma8lMx0uDzmC7o5qeqyxBTXjo9lp03guuEwEY-PjfMjUr2bgAO-4i9Oj9FcLauREeQYZLc/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N16%202.jpg" width="640" /></a><br /><div><br /></div><div>with two 2-cylinder Darracq engines of 20 horsepower each.</div><div><br /></div><div>In September 1907 Dumont doubled the power to 100 horsepower, putting a 16-cylinder Antoniette engine in the new aircraft number 17. It was never tested.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4pG_50I9Wb8mCG3UFDMp7GRMmliAoQED0cPaF6kXfnp6QhsecezbpxfZtp4RD3rREPSnLEFV1kCXFpiOLat_n5Ml0w8F9jEdiMwMNeslWwueg-oLseSovNXLVEhpRLrQEjdKHwFKR6MvpYT762Ij0a5Wu7Y9IrbcSnC7iyHtJErouCmZ6vYwDU89sNtXv/s2666/Numero%2017%20em%20alta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4pG_50I9Wb8mCG3UFDMp7GRMmliAoQED0cPaF6kXfnp6QhsecezbpxfZtp4RD3rREPSnLEFV1kCXFpiOLat_n5Ml0w8F9jEdiMwMNeslWwueg-oLseSovNXLVEhpRLrQEjdKHwFKR6MvpYT762Ij0a5Wu7Y9IrbcSnC7iyHtJErouCmZ6vYwDU89sNtXv/w640-h480/Numero%2017%20em%20alta.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Ui_knZOaHjbUCMGEbGm2QsftSYDFtnIM2QuZNLs1lHVUVtMtn8kaudZu-6eB5DAWlFLbU0JouGYbQ3djsyBJ9vGwjFMwWv6MiXBKTfWgg3RS-jGa5-1Qr69ce6Bq0elBLzQmqAvTG-R121Kwofl7wC64eraUbo5slxhZ8JxgVhRdDy1wC6VEd7m6k_SK/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N17%20La%20Sauterelle.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4Ui_knZOaHjbUCMGEbGm2QsftSYDFtnIM2QuZNLs1lHVUVtMtn8kaudZu-6eB5DAWlFLbU0JouGYbQ3djsyBJ9vGwjFMwWv6MiXBKTfWgg3RS-jGa5-1Qr69ce6Bq0elBLzQmqAvTG-R121Kwofl7wC64eraUbo5slxhZ8JxgVhRdDy1wC6VEd7m6k_SK/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N17%20La%20Sauterelle.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Some sources suggest that the nickname "La Sauterelle" may have been a reference to the shape of the folding wings, while others claim that the name came from the high landing gear.</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEltyU0VJu0e5X22Mya8v8im0dvSPYJgviaq0uweIx_eNmMr151IT43mXBO-z1O52TRFn3H4h6xaUaUz2T4wzGSSSlg8g5P5YNN3bPV_5Iw4-7koqaN8bJPlhwh8U3dhxpgDfaR6oJdyBFxbfr6dUib_eIdPsA6ynfOseP_8_F7cmsSe81AiXQoBiVv2o/s2666/hidroglisseur.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEltyU0VJu0e5X22Mya8v8im0dvSPYJgviaq0uweIx_eNmMr151IT43mXBO-z1O52TRFn3H4h6xaUaUz2T4wzGSSSlg8g5P5YNN3bPV_5Iw4-7koqaN8bJPlhwh8U3dhxpgDfaR6oJdyBFxbfr6dUib_eIdPsA6ynfOseP_8_F7cmsSe81AiXQoBiVv2o/w640-h480/hidroglisseur.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div>The N18 came from a bet, Mr. Charron wagered 10,000 francs against Mr. Bleriot that it would not be possible to travel 100 km/h over water with any device before April 1, 1908.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjxj_2a6jnga0N7q7s1CjlStFElNOXvdTYVVHSmrnM3h_TPDh5ReNqd3U4rkvddfoxUDl-tbJGKMOSTOmVOCyW0eABUoJ0s1x9D2mJM5RKhuiegloW1qKqJOX33DllySuTzTC7WosrTohBrKljtdsk0EyOUcKw7r2g7RPZaA-k3NJzSn30VtDodGdaHYA/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N18.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjxj_2a6jnga0N7q7s1CjlStFElNOXvdTYVVHSmrnM3h_TPDh5ReNqd3U4rkvddfoxUDl-tbJGKMOSTOmVOCyW0eABUoJ0s1x9D2mJM5RKhuiegloW1qKqJOX33DllySuTzTC7WosrTohBrKljtdsk0EyOUcKw7r2g7RPZaA-k3NJzSn30VtDodGdaHYA/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N18.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div>Although Dumont was unable to win the bet due to his high jumps, the test of the hydrodynamic effects of N. 18, with its hydrofoils, simulated in water the relationship of resistance and lift that the wing shapes should have in the atmosphere.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>At that time, Dumont made changes to practically every flight, each aircraft that took off was unique, his innovations happened at a fast pace.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLV1oKU1R-vk8qcUZld3X1SbeZp7f3W3vMhimEOeihciLEVnYe9XtTsVQFiYgtXyhhZrBHtVbNd0Kwu5GZPg1ha94lnI2b-WxLEyS3vctAleXWRCtZEJf6kEKI80NKyENsdHHEsgBLIkTdozyg8wtYpd8Nrb5hli69Zlmw-Gt0UHJjBE6k4v1FaIwVyN0/s2666/19%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLV1oKU1R-vk8qcUZld3X1SbeZp7f3W3vMhimEOeihciLEVnYe9XtTsVQFiYgtXyhhZrBHtVbNd0Kwu5GZPg1ha94lnI2b-WxLEyS3vctAleXWRCtZEJf6kEKI80NKyENsdHHEsgBLIkTdozyg8wtYpd8Nrb5hli69Zlmw-Gt0UHJjBE6k4v1FaIwVyN0/w640-h480/19%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">S=D N. 19 model with 20 hp Dutheil & Chalmers engine with propellers more similar to current ones, flew 200 m.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrLO93MygwEnu46szpHd_MDWbU8OZ9zPXhgni1o54OlzqrBxCFrFWNT2PRbvGAhiDoY1lsQD8KClYSL_XhTk_xcsu1VGPyopDrmTlDX8rMjaPPJDwlVsZdL1IJutDpugP5rcZglQEM7gF698v4YA8M5sq0IoLLSSnbWH15vK9Sx56sS2glLLvkm06XJqc/s2666/Ficha%20Tecnica%20SD%20N19%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrLO93MygwEnu46szpHd_MDWbU8OZ9zPXhgni1o54OlzqrBxCFrFWNT2PRbvGAhiDoY1lsQD8KClYSL_XhTk_xcsu1VGPyopDrmTlDX8rMjaPPJDwlVsZdL1IJutDpugP5rcZglQEM7gF698v4YA8M5sq0IoLLSSnbWH15vK9Sx56sS2glLLvkm06XJqc/w640-h480/Ficha%20Tecnica%20SD%20N19%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">S=D N. 19 model with 20 hp Dutheil & Chalmers engine with propellers more similar to current ones, flew 200 m.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>The Aeroplano de Numero 19 - Built in 1907, performed flights in St-Cyr and Issy-les-Moulineaux on the 16th, 17th and 21st of November 1907, it was powered by a 2-cylinder Dutheil & Chalmers engine of 19 hp.</div><div><div><br /></div><div>This model with two propellers combined with a central tripod, was designed to try to gain power and flight time, with the aim of winning the 1km Archdeacon prize.</div><div><br /></div><div>Tests also carried out with a 30 horse Darracq.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr9N1_8wUmlAFo_EU04iIxzmyadHbmZZ_BDzy6MhGH5I26WC5zb-R3813hom5Mdq-nRSfXaw-AJg9kS7HE2AvAW-XKw299hwuWYP3sj4s5mx8zfvff3ky08DPKKoEhAtbj6JqzXDGnGg24-Uol9yovctnUv6Lz1k48V9N9I_4oPSdw78ZpfxQrxPjqfcI/s2666/19%20bis.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr9N1_8wUmlAFo_EU04iIxzmyadHbmZZ_BDzy6MhGH5I26WC5zb-R3813hom5Mdq-nRSfXaw-AJg9kS7HE2AvAW-XKw299hwuWYP3sj4s5mx8zfvff3ky08DPKKoEhAtbj6JqzXDGnGg24-Uol9yovctnUv6Lz1k48V9N9I_4oPSdw78ZpfxQrxPjqfcI/w640-h480/19%20bis.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">S=D N. 19-bis model with 50 hp Antoinette engine</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX31joV1iTiK7PDQPnzJE9eVrSXvDylt8cLzM1xSqpjsIlo3YSpP7tHkCig6B3vsaxcouwr7GnxRPBwEHyYRCtzsmr-kU0TOgl81u0CPztQm0qqvi17odIGGKP8PxfkjtT8E0hHAy9XHFJ0HqclSqKRAmBL1wlnXRhpJPWNz9rOGkoBl5-N0g17Gu43AX2/s2666/Ficha%20Tecnica%20SD%20N19%20bis.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX31joV1iTiK7PDQPnzJE9eVrSXvDylt8cLzM1xSqpjsIlo3YSpP7tHkCig6B3vsaxcouwr7GnxRPBwEHyYRCtzsmr-kU0TOgl81u0CPztQm0qqvi17odIGGKP8PxfkjtT8E0hHAy9XHFJ0HqclSqKRAmBL1wlnXRhpJPWNz9rOGkoBl5-N0g17Gu43AX2/w640-h480/Ficha%20Tecnica%20SD%20N19%20bis.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Detalhes do Santos=Dumont N. 19-bis modelo com mtor Antoniette de 50 CV<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div>Another version of the Numero 19 called the 19 Bis was tested, with an 8-cylinder Antonette engine that weighed 180 kg, it did not fly.</div><div><br /></div><div>This last plane number 19 was the last stage before the N 20, it had its first flight on March 1, 1909 in St Cyr, in this first format, giant crowns made a great rotation of the propeller, during the test one of the propeller blades detached, it was launched a great distance, until it was planted in the sandy soil, of a neighboring property.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgner1Flira-w6srAa8wo1Ya-x2-DLVege_aehLLFYDXDSpueSiqBZHI3jz9uaiD-KCBLxJbKwV4IvoguzY4e1A7chrILu_l6kaQyxlbdyT9-0u9QXUodTuby3S9zqo-tAjZ7nILPhw_xCte2VGqqK1IzuMMDQF49-sFzadMAE9Um59vDMWNaV1fwfUcNc/s2666/19%20bis%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgner1Flira-w6srAa8wo1Ya-x2-DLVege_aehLLFYDXDSpueSiqBZHI3jz9uaiD-KCBLxJbKwV4IvoguzY4e1A7chrILu_l6kaQyxlbdyT9-0u9QXUodTuby3S9zqo-tAjZ7nILPhw_xCte2VGqqK1IzuMMDQF49-sFzadMAE9Um59vDMWNaV1fwfUcNc/w640-h480/19%20bis%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">S=D N. 19-bis 2 model with 30 hp Darracq mtor with tripod and two conjugated propellers</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcqNJuQxrKu2UC1EG2hsnVaSW5xU-JaaQV-ilpwC_NvQ1rsaCAEktd8Zaywgllfck1wChG1mZ3tHDQ5OB5-TCZjgZNiveYGa1K1zeaCmo0ZTM4kYpygKtfuPopM91GoXPV1IAY2esFSy7oIbGupfp0VKnaBPURXqoIBtC3KoZxyj0ZzBJLEWukDxInQkY/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N19%20bis%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcqNJuQxrKu2UC1EG2hsnVaSW5xU-JaaQV-ilpwC_NvQ1rsaCAEktd8Zaywgllfck1wChG1mZ3tHDQ5OB5-TCZjgZNiveYGa1K1zeaCmo0ZTM4kYpygKtfuPopM91GoXPV1IAY2esFSy7oIbGupfp0VKnaBPURXqoIBtC3KoZxyj0ZzBJLEWukDxInQkY/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N19%20bis%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Details of S=D N. 19-bis 2 model with 30 hp Darracq mtor with tripod and two conjugated propellers</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Already with propellers remade in the molds of modern propellers, Number 20 called "La Demoiselle", broke the record for the distance needed for takeoff on September 16, 1909, on September 17 of that year it flew to the castle of Wideville, it was 5.55 meters long, and 5.50 meters wide, weighing 115 kg.</div><div><br /></div><div>After testing with different models, it tested different engines, including Dutheil & Chalmers with 2 cylinders and 30hp, Darracq with 30hp and Clement Bayard with 40hp.</div><div><br /></div><div>Improving with each flight, as he always has, after only 8 years since he hung his tricycle on the tree, Santos=Dumont learns to fly in a balloon, design and build airships, and also invents, builds and flies airplanes.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3aFsReybiF0ZvXgYnYZ4j_jx3dTKNrqbU6DDuADwM6E0UuudXFDK9xjCE89luEPlXS0EGMqlekdu5H1dRIffkB0qsywDbniz7NUEBfwT-cDpJMV_vihcETh4jH2oW7DecEUEyy2CHygI4PbTS--2W4TCYxy_oY4wBd5X66NJQj4lEgdyLQ-2qBDAZ32Mt/s2666/Demoiselle%20em%20alta%20.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3aFsReybiF0ZvXgYnYZ4j_jx3dTKNrqbU6DDuADwM6E0UuudXFDK9xjCE89luEPlXS0EGMqlekdu5H1dRIffkB0qsywDbniz7NUEBfwT-cDpJMV_vihcETh4jH2oW7DecEUEyy2CHygI4PbTS--2W4TCYxy_oY4wBd5X66NJQj4lEgdyLQ-2qBDAZ32Mt/w640-h480/Demoiselle%20em%20alta%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont N. 20, Demoiselle - in this configuration it carries an extra fuel tank to increase flight autonomy.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgffCH_qw33tz20XTy2srA8voL69NtN3yIBnlWpx2Kuv8VT34vZpageDlcS_8Wjd7D8XbUnc_97NZgjv2Nirlwwchxb8BOuyCZXatj126Pndcu-jLDQ1kiHWLAiV9mhaJVcwAnk6OHxMh4stbZlIm1oH7Sb3gtGVGzLXI5jf44TqzWIos6Z30BPJojpDmNx/s2666/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N20%20Demoiselle.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgffCH_qw33tz20XTy2srA8voL69NtN3yIBnlWpx2Kuv8VT34vZpageDlcS_8Wjd7D8XbUnc_97NZgjv2Nirlwwchxb8BOuyCZXatj126Pndcu-jLDQ1kiHWLAiV9mhaJVcwAnk6OHxMh4stbZlIm1oH7Sb3gtGVGzLXI5jf44TqzWIos6Z30BPJojpDmNx/w640-h480/Ficha%20Te%CC%81cnica%20SD%20N20%20Demoiselle.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div></div></div></div><div><div><div>As if that weren't enough, he makes the first airplane to be built in series, the Demoiselle, using open source culture, something that only in 100 years would be seen again.</div><div><br /></div><div>That done, now finally, S=D dominates flying through the air with 'lighter' and 'heavier than air'.</div><div><br /></div><div>Today, just 150 years later, the whole world is interconnected and reduced with more than 100,000 daily commercial flights on the planet.<br /><br /></div></div></div></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-24029915003751565082023-07-04T19:55:00.022-07:002023-07-07T11:39:09.746-07:00A contract that stripped Santos=Dumont of all of his merits - The Wright & Smithsonian Brothers Agreement<div style="text-align: left;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfTBOQbtQQWiACEMC4C_Wk-tsZE_zB036P8rcKpp-rSHEFMssSugLhn0miAHyA5yohjgaM3m4THx60jo_FxT-mmBeh3piS-TVJ4JU_47deowwYyZvSBnLZH4VceUiH2x2GtTFOp8kU-D-xs0o-CXqgRtaxDBYPwBVaDPSRbx9Ou1l5zchq3acsWVrKta0/s2048/The%20Flight%20of%20the%20Wrights%20Science%20through%20Political%20Contract.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfTBOQbtQQWiACEMC4C_Wk-tsZE_zB036P8rcKpp-rSHEFMssSugLhn0miAHyA5yohjgaM3m4THx60jo_FxT-mmBeh3piS-TVJ4JU_47deowwYyZvSBnLZH4VceUiH2x2GtTFOp8kU-D-xs0o-CXqgRtaxDBYPwBVaDPSRbx9Ou1l5zchq3acsWVrKta0/w640-h640/The%20Flight%20of%20the%20Wrights%20Science%20through%20Political%20Contract.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Above, joint work by Langley and Santos=Dumont to unravel the mysteries of flight - Below, a tiny space reserved for Santos=Dumont. A lifetime of aerial accomplishments ignored by the Smithsonian.</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /><div>To explain why Santos=Dumont was practically obliterated from aviation history by the Smithsonian an article titled "Smithsonian releases Wright brothers agreement detailing 'first in flight' claims" explains the case.</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2023/07/um-contrato-que-tirou-todos-os-meritos.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span><br /><div><br /></div>Published by Fox News on October 20, 2015 by Jeremy Kaplan, the article says that the Smithsonian has publicly disclosed the 1948 contract between the Orville Wright estate and the institution, which states that the Smithsonian must recognize the Wright brothers as the first in flight. The agreement prevents the Smithsonian from claiming that any aircraft prior to the Wrights' plane in 1903 was capable of carrying a man under its own power in controlled flight.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Disclaimer</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Before moving forward with this matter, it is very important to say that we must respect all aeronautics pioneers for their wonderful deeds, the Wright brothers did incredible things, as much as other pioneers. I do not intend to diminish the image of the Brothers, however, I want the space reserved for great achievements of Santos=Dumont to be ensured within a scientific context, not a political one, even more so within an institution as grand as the Smithsonian Museum.</div><div><br /></div><div>With that said, we continue with the article.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The article suggests that an aviation historian argues that the contract is wrong and forces the museum to ignore the truth. The Smithsonian decided to release the contract publicly to allow the world to make its own decisions.</div><div><br /></div><div><div>According to Peter Jakab, associate director of curatorial affairs at the Smithsonian Museum, before heavier-than-air flying apparatus existed, the Smithsonian Institution sponsored the experiments of Samuel Langley, an astronomer and physicist who had been doing flight experiments. At this point it is important to say that Santos=Dumont and Langley knew the work that both were doing, unlike the Wrights who worked in secret.</div><div><br /></div><div>In the 1920s, there was a falling out between Langley and the Wright brothers, as both claimed to have invented the airplane. The Wrights claimed to have performed successful flights in their aircraft, the Flyer, while Langley, who carried out his experiments in the eyes of the scientific commission, did not obtain satisfactory flight results.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvyW3QCMIJWL_PWlHUq7FFGuuBA_U9oEfW4KlOgbXhHFZcSzQLQpuA0IvXlrnUtw37aaADl1T8GH6ZZVqscUQ9yZr071yGqfLzI27bXz6mdXmL7kWIdRaI1OlIlM1eQ6YKyOV--tJCG6ho4f2EsEnzb0hErDvGGINyQ1jNwGQXewvNfFZOq3xy2OASqvY/s970/Langley%20e%20santos%20dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="970" data-original-width="847" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvyW3QCMIJWL_PWlHUq7FFGuuBA_U9oEfW4KlOgbXhHFZcSzQLQpuA0IvXlrnUtw37aaADl1T8GH6ZZVqscUQ9yZr071yGqfLzI27bXz6mdXmL7kWIdRaI1OlIlM1eQ6YKyOV--tJCG6ho4f2EsEnzb0hErDvGGINyQ1jNwGQXewvNfFZOq3xy2OASqvY/w558-h640/Langley%20e%20santos%20dumont.jpg" width="558" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Samuel Langley, visiting Santos=Dumont's hangar in Saint-Cloud to follow the experiments with Airship Number 4, on August 8, 1900. Both scientists collaborated with each other to bring flight to humanity. How many important scientific reports have been deliberately hidden from the eyes of science because of the policy of a contract?</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>In protest against the museum's unwillingness to acknowledge that the Flyer flew, Orville Wright in 1928 sent the Flyer to London with the help of the important pilot Charles Lindbergh, who joined Orville Wright to oppose the Smithsonian Institution, which had always credited Langley with for carrying out experiments within the scientific framework accepted at the time, hurting the inventors' egos.</div><div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_QKlQTS7TtcLtDkja6q2tsEbFe48fo2iZqP0bAHkHE62hSdwRDoMOKwqQAfQMCibpbBrvaA4oo21oqacqCK0FDymKjMyAx-5ESLn1aZLcKzR04U0emYNnhbfBHP9ouqUM7JNHhQJ3nP6OcQCR3ro56h7y982OS6QSl0yoOF-ytLt7u6XFts3GRNl8FjU/s847/Contrato%201.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="847" data-original-width="516" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_QKlQTS7TtcLtDkja6q2tsEbFe48fo2iZqP0bAHkHE62hSdwRDoMOKwqQAfQMCibpbBrvaA4oo21oqacqCK0FDymKjMyAx-5ESLn1aZLcKzR04U0emYNnhbfBHP9ouqUM7JNHhQJ3nP6OcQCR3ro56h7y982OS6QSl0yoOF-ytLt7u6XFts3GRNl8FjU/w390-h640/Contrato%201.png" width="390" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pg 1</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><br /></div><div>The Flyer remained on display at the Science Museum in London until 1942, after which it was sent into storage during World War II alongside the Magna Carta and Crown Jewels.</div><div><br /></div><div>Shortly after World War II, the US government understood that it was very important to follow the narrative that the Flyer would have been the first to fly and contacted the executors of Orville Wright's will. They struck a deal to bring the Flyer back to America, stating that the Flyer would always be displayed with a tag acknowledging its status as the first true airplane, in response to the Langley controversy, and dismissing the pioneering spirit of any other great inventor. involved in I fly from heavier than air, whoever he is, an American or a foreigner.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>I wonder how many other important scientific reports have been deliberately hidden from the eyes of science because of the policy of a contract?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>For reasons of alignment with American ideals, the director of the museum felt obliged to accept the terms of the contract for the Flyer to return to the United States, even if this was contrary to the scientific purposes of the serious institution.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><b>THE AGREEMENT</b></div><div><br /></div><div>THIS AGREEMENT made by and between HAROLD S. MILLER and HAROLD W. STEEPER as Executors of the Last Will and Testament of Orville Wright, deceased, hereinafter called the <b>Vendors</b>, Parties of the First Part, and THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, hereinafter called the <b>Vendee</b>, Party of the Second Part, WITNESSETH:</div><div><br /></div><div>WHEREAS there is included in the residuary estate of Orville Wright the Wright Aeroplane of 1903, invented and built by Wilbur and Orville Wright and flown by them at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina on December 17, 1903, and</div><div><br /></div><div>WHEREAS it is in the public interest that said plane be pre- served for all time and made available as a public exhibit in an appropriate place and under proper auspices, and</div><div><br /></div><div>WHEREAS the Probate Court of Montgomery County, Ohio, having jurisdiction over the administration of said estate, after full hearing in a proceeding to which all persons and institutions having any interest under the will of Orville Wright were parties and had submitted themselves to the jurisdiction of the Court, has officially found that the known wishes of Orville Wright will be carried out and the highest and best interest of the estate will be served by recognizing the public in- terest and has accordingly authorized and directed the Vendors to enter into this Agreement,</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjru8sfwhRXbX3wmBKAygFoboltY1q7RLEtS5dmK5WpKCTL64iLnx7C9jsclULCbaaok8x5PtX_f8XnkHEuXI5YLiYRTf_n5xNcrm-f1YMmPO7iYE702DKo8u97bMnfGw20UFU1aROhsuIv7cSIiET2KH90mZDAtfBNCLIZNAPAa6hW1gRm1ExN_fZORrI/s1256/numero%209%20no%20smithsonian.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1256" data-original-width="1179" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjru8sfwhRXbX3wmBKAygFoboltY1q7RLEtS5dmK5WpKCTL64iLnx7C9jsclULCbaaok8x5PtX_f8XnkHEuXI5YLiYRTf_n5xNcrm-f1YMmPO7iYE702DKo8u97bMnfGw20UFU1aROhsuIv7cSIiET2KH90mZDAtfBNCLIZNAPAa6hW1gRm1ExN_fZORrI/w600-h640/numero%209%20no%20smithsonian.jpg" width="600" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos Dumont's N9 airship is on display at the Museu Nacional do Ar e Sapce alongside the Flyer by the Wright brothers - from a time when science was not silenced by politics.</span></td><td class="tr-caption"><br /><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br />NOW, THEREFORE, THIS AGREEMENT WITNESSETH:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. For the consideration hereinafter set forth the <b>Vendors</b> agree to sell and do hereby sell to the United States of America, and agree to deliver to the United States National Museum, Washington, D.C., within the current fiscal year ending June 30, 1949, and subject to the terms of this Agreement, the original Wright Aeroplane of 1903.</div><div><br /></div><div>2. In consideration thereof the <b>Vendee</b> agrees to pay to the <b>Vendors</b> the sum of One ($1.00) Dollar in cash and to comply with the following requirements:</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXW2JKEnAOi44YwOp57zaJlwCplbkJtvHoReTtVNjqDQDAuIx-X6LQ9YdcltroeGPCchHrhppd5TVnCU1rh93uXM2CCS6lsdbXyiw4XrhQzhSTdvRYqVY9Eb9w0a4anSf5Ie8OHboQaDzFxzGz-hjmfw_eOfmaXKrKKQulHoC6J4BuPt5WhtWFV8Gcg9Y/s849/Contrato%202.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="849" data-original-width="514" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXW2JKEnAOi44YwOp57zaJlwCplbkJtvHoReTtVNjqDQDAuIx-X6LQ9YdcltroeGPCchHrhppd5TVnCU1rh93uXM2CCS6lsdbXyiw4XrhQzhSTdvRYqVY9Eb9w0a4anSf5Ie8OHboQaDzFxzGz-hjmfw_eOfmaXKrKKQulHoC6J4BuPt5WhtWFV8Gcg9Y/w388-h640/Contrato%202.png" width="388" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pg 2</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div>(a) Said airplane in to be displayed as a public museum exhibit in the Metropolitan Area of the United States National Capital only, and except as hereinafter pro- vided in paragraph (b) is to be housed directly facing the Main Entrance in the fore part of the North Hall of the Arts and Industries Building of the United States National Museum. It shall never be removed from such public exhibition except as may be required temporarily for maintenance or protection.</div><div><br /></div><div>(b) If the proper authorities of the Smithsonian Institution or its successors (acting for the United States of America) at any time in the future desire to remove sold airplane to any other building in the Metropolitan Area of the national capital, such removal shall be permitted on the following conditions:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. That the substituted building shall have equal or better facilities for the protection, maintenance and exhibition of the airplane.</div><div><br /></div><div>2. That the Wright Airplane of 1903 be given a place of special honor and not intermingled with other airplanes of later design.</div><div><br /></div><div>3. That such building be not a military museum but be devoted to memorializing the development of aviation,</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvXpgtmXhiEz3yK5uIHteV8PntCfb4IG4xzQJkZJpte7SLFqQruD21n6KXRjobV8UTMizb7itjFkeGiAwFnPTFirkDxurqdzwT9ZxaT5PsmISthQtgFwMfyy2nqxXc0dbJaJCuW_48ExadQIQ-2csN1gBNj3JFkJOHJuTnlKbn0_x1nNg83WWnltZ5dGw/s1274/langley%20e%20sd.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1274" data-original-width="1179" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvXpgtmXhiEz3yK5uIHteV8PntCfb4IG4xzQJkZJpte7SLFqQruD21n6KXRjobV8UTMizb7itjFkeGiAwFnPTFirkDxurqdzwT9ZxaT5PsmISthQtgFwMfyy2nqxXc0dbJaJCuW_48ExadQIQ-2csN1gBNj3JFkJOHJuTnlKbn0_x1nNg83WWnltZ5dGw/w592-h640/langley%20e%20sd.jpeg" width="592" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Langley, Aimé, Santos=Dumont entre outros pioneiros da aviação - competição nos ares, com muito respeito cortesia e amizade em solo.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>(c) There shall at all times be prominently displayed with said airplane a label in the following form and language:</div><div><br /></div><div>The Original Wright Brothers Airplane</div><div><br /></div><div>The World's First Power-Driven Heavier-than-Air Machine</div><div><br /></div><div>in Which Man Made Free, Controlled, and sustained Flight</div><div><br /></div><div>Invented and Built by Wilbur and Orville Wright</div><div><br /></div><div>Flown by Them at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina</div><div><br /></div><div>December 17, 1903</div><div><br /></div><div>By Original Scientific Research the Wright Brothers Discovered</div><div><br /></div><div>The Principles of Human Flight</div><div><br /></div><div>As Inventors, Builders and Flyers They Further Developed the Airplane</div><div><br /></div><div>Taught Man to Fly and Opened the Era of Aviation</div><div><br /></div><div>Deposited by the Estate of Orville Wright.</div><div><br /></div><div>"The first flight lasted only twelve seconds, a flight very modest compared with that of birds, but it was nevertheless the first in the history of the world in which a machine carrying a man bud raised itself by its own power into the air in free flight, had sailed forward on a level course without reduction of speed, and had finally landed without being wrecked. The second and third flights were little linger, and the fourth last d 59 seconds covering a distance of 852 feet over the ground against a 20 mile wind." </div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPuxwzM93bGVv2u15WDEhnsPDSEq0GiQKGqUS7ig6HD6pv2YFUC1aWfLB7fjbN0n-BLulpDjci4VIPExtENjkTVNuFeP27QEWYTpMDU5A1V1cROrZtwXcz3IUI_swCipXCeD9kQLCwFSbrd66eF-ovrDB6Rij8oddzlkfMh3U8H_EmNWqYu7jmXkPCTwo/s851/Contrato%203.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="851" data-original-width="514" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPuxwzM93bGVv2u15WDEhnsPDSEq0GiQKGqUS7ig6HD6pv2YFUC1aWfLB7fjbN0n-BLulpDjci4VIPExtENjkTVNuFeP27QEWYTpMDU5A1V1cROrZtwXcz3IUI_swCipXCeD9kQLCwFSbrd66eF-ovrDB6Rij8oddzlkfMh3U8H_EmNWqYu7jmXkPCTwo/w386-h640/Contrato%203.png" width="386" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">pg 3</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div>Wilbur and Orville Wright</div><div>(From Century Magazine, Vol. 76, September 1908, p. 649.)</div><div><br /></div><div>(d), Neither the Smithsonian Institution or its successors nor any museum or other agency, bureau or facilities, ad- ministered for the United States of America by the Smithsonian Institution or its successors, shall publish or permit to be displayed a statement or label in connection with or in respect of any aircraft model or design of earlier date than the Wright Aeroplane of 1903, claiming in effect that such aircraft was capable of carrying a man under its own power in con- trolled flight.</div><div><br /></div><div>3. The title and right of possession to be transferred by the <b>Vendors</b> hereunder shall remain vested in the United States of America only so long as there shall be no deviation by the <b>Vendee</b> from the requirements in the foregoing paragraph, and only so long as neither the Estate of Orville Wright nor any person having an interest therein is required to pay and does bear without indemnity an estate or inheritance tax, assessed by the State of Ohio, the United States or any other taxing authority, based upon a valuation of property of the Estate which includes said aeroplane at a value in excess of Gae ($1.00) Dollar.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvWYkVGKJ1cfR_Wdl282U-u1eO9kxcSmXXH-HNtDU68DfRhtniNBQdkc8mNx0PjmS5T4ux1WwnsSwewsXilUpWxzuPm021jl63MZ_hQdqF7tcZbNsV2R9dxknGxInBBTk4EiyIzrCUXp6x4j7cMRSSyb8pww4WKwPU8VCNSMztU29Bi5dgbMOXacfkAbc/s849/Contrato%204.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="849" data-original-width="513" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvWYkVGKJ1cfR_Wdl282U-u1eO9kxcSmXXH-HNtDU68DfRhtniNBQdkc8mNx0PjmS5T4ux1WwnsSwewsXilUpWxzuPm021jl63MZ_hQdqF7tcZbNsV2R9dxknGxInBBTk4EiyIzrCUXp6x4j7cMRSSyb8pww4WKwPU8VCNSMztU29Bi5dgbMOXacfkAbc/w386-h640/Contrato%204.png" width="386" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pg 4</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div>4. Upon the failure of the Vendee to remedy any deviation from the requirements set forth in paragraph 2, within twelve months after written specification thereof shall have been given to the Smithsonian Institution on behalf of the United States or upon (e) the final assessment of any state or federal inheritance, succession or estate tax whereby the Estate of Orville Wright or any person or persons having an interest therein shall be required to pay a higher tax by reason of a valuation of said aeroplane for tax purposes in excess of One ($1.00) Dollar, and (b) the omission of the United States or others on behalf of the United States within twelve months of written notice of the final assessment by the person assessed to provide for the payment thereof by appropriations or otherwise, title to and right of possession of said aeroplane shall automatically revert to the <b>Vendors</b>, their successors and assigns. </div><div><br /></div><div>5. In the event of a termination of title in the United States by reason of an omission on the part of the United States to provide for the payment of a tax assessment a store said, the ted States shall have an option to repurchase the plane at any time a live years of the tax payment by reimbursing the taxpayer in the mount paid with interest thereon at six per cent from the date yment. Upon the exercise of such option, this Agreement, in ballet the term, shell automatically again become of full force and fort WITNESS the due execution hereof in date this 23-4 day November 1948.</div><div><br /></div><div>Harold & miller (SEAL)</div><div>Executors of the Estate of Orville Wright, deceased! (SEAL)</div><div><br /></div><div>UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution </div><div><br /></div><div><b>Conclusion</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>I would very much like to see Santos=Dumont portrayed in the Smithsonian, if the Institute wants to review its position, I am sure that we can create a great exhibition on the achievements of Santos=Dumont, and for this purpose, I am at your entire disposal.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-55040815191285937142022-12-14T09:09:00.014-08:002023-02-27T09:58:36.664-08:00The Guardians of the Museums of Santos=Dumont and Museum of Aeronautics - OCA Ibirapuera<p> </p><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWWQlwScjxDIJVq75iX2V2lKHD-9zIcw_srwJeO9O6oNtvs3dhwfzKRS0dgBc-EbmBo89O97d8nOC08vTpn4czAyA9owkO1OY1EMQanavCD6dq5I57WX0jOsyef3hvwMfyiT7evIxtPIjK-xUm4gDrZJ3w3nBkOPCH0XW_jbIenCqgiu_M9jsiB7_hzQ/s899/Tizuka%20Yamazaki%20Ricardo%20e%20Luiz%20Pagano.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="648" data-original-width="899" height="462" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWWQlwScjxDIJVq75iX2V2lKHD-9zIcw_srwJeO9O6oNtvs3dhwfzKRS0dgBc-EbmBo89O97d8nOC08vTpn4czAyA9owkO1OY1EMQanavCD6dq5I57WX0jOsyef3hvwMfyiT7evIxtPIjK-xUm4gDrZJ3w3nBkOPCH0XW_jbIenCqgiu_M9jsiB7_hzQ/w640-h462/Tizuka%20Yamazaki%20Ricardo%20e%20Luiz%20Pagano.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Luiz Pagano, Tizuka Yamasaki e Ricardo Magalhães - Where is the Santos=Dumont Museum?</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Why does the world believe that the Wright brothers invented the airplane with so much scientific documentation giving the precedence to Santos=Dumont?</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2022/12/o-mito-santos-dumont.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>The answer to this question is simple – we Brazilians are not capable to producing mythology about ourselves. Therefore, the second question to ask yourself is 'where is Our Jack London?</div><div><br /></div><div>The movement called 'the Bandeiras of São Paulo' began their search for gold and precious gems 250 years before the North Americans, generating the first major gold rush in the world, we had another enormous adventure in that sense, in Serra Pelada and nobody/or very little was reported. However, in 1903, the brilliant Jack London enchanted the world with North American audacity and daring in the book The Call of the Wild, reporting myths of an adventure with the same purposes, which does not even compare to Brazilian ones.</div><div><br /></div><div>Ever since the term mouseion, the temple of the inspiring muses, was used for the first time in Alexandria in the 2nd century BC, a space designed to excite the minds of young people with encyclopedic knowledge, in order to consume and generate science, the whole world has known the importance of such an institution, to encourage the culture of a people, except for us here in Brazil.</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1506, the Vatican Museums opened their doors praising popes and Christianity and here in Brazil, the sad history of museology appears with the National Museum, our first, on June 6, 1818, which exactly 200 years after its foundation, demonstrates our ineptitude in dealing with such institutions, when a mega-proportion fire destroyed part of our legacy in 2018.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Legacy and Mythification</b></div><div><br /></div><div>This photo that appears at the beginning of this article, with me Professor Ricardo and film director Tizuka Yamasaki carries a very important symbology, that of 'near execution'. </div><div><br /></div><div>As I said, in this photo we see myself, Luiz Pagano, who writes this blog, my friend Tizuka Yamazaki, director of the classic film from the 80s, Gaijin, who since that time has wanted to make a film about Santos=Dumont and never succeeded, and Professor Ricardo Magalhães, disguised as Santos=Dumont, who strugles tirelessly for the preservation and dissemination of the Father of Aviation.</div><div><br /></div><div>The three of us form a group of “potential Jack London” with the power to mythologize Santos=Dumont, but there seems to be a strange mystical, anti-Brazilian force that prevents us from moving forward.</div><div><br /></div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTKVdbuChiObZfT_PRG1zc3HEg4NirUZCieuIoCjYw1Z3qzRJo0WPaR9JwK8-TD11NUyqJmM4H1MHcuyfNUDOSEBRqVeRkBE_82YG-tveqYSkAnPlMNZtyPiOy9IOKEZ83FoUCYITZiCIz3DbWRtFV0FJKcyjvgE3DXP7DFwWcZNLD4fIaObjZVQ0Qog/s2048/Ada%20Rogato%20e%20Luiz%20Pagano.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTKVdbuChiObZfT_PRG1zc3HEg4NirUZCieuIoCjYw1Z3qzRJo0WPaR9JwK8-TD11NUyqJmM4H1MHcuyfNUDOSEBRqVeRkBE_82YG-tveqYSkAnPlMNZtyPiOy9IOKEZ83FoUCYITZiCIz3DbWRtFV0FJKcyjvgE3DXP7DFwWcZNLD4fIaObjZVQ0Qog/w640-h640/Ada%20Rogato%20e%20Luiz%20Pagano.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">When I was 16, I met one of the most special women in my life, Dona Ada Rogato (pictured, I sit in front of the Cesna 140 she used to circumnavigate the Americas). In 1983, I wanted to work, do something interesting and I volunteered to clean planes at the old Aeronautics Museum, in Oca do Ibirapuera.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7gMqM6MauBMfQN4EQZZ_c8AgvP80B854EEgAF4eMO0ptmnVpOPulKUQrm9Pmik73SGQ_tjJy7r6h129PkLIfI8SOfMdfB9iX8oXXXqrC7A8SAzVBHA0x_G9Mp5j_IgmsS44H-IMmVLr8EKBdFs9g-3gm5en4rJ8bT--J-b22Yuhn0olWxbdJm5FpdVw/s899/Festa%20da%20flash%20Power.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="582" data-original-width="899" height="414" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7gMqM6MauBMfQN4EQZZ_c8AgvP80B854EEgAF4eMO0ptmnVpOPulKUQrm9Pmik73SGQ_tjJy7r6h129PkLIfI8SOfMdfB9iX8oXXXqrC7A8SAzVBHA0x_G9Mp5j_IgmsS44H-IMmVLr8EKBdFs9g-3gm5en4rJ8bT--J-b22Yuhn0olWxbdJm5FpdVw/w640-h414/Festa%20da%20flash%20Power.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">In this other photo, by coincidence, the other most important woman in my life, my wife (the one in the middle) at the last party that took place at the Museum of Aeronautics, at the Flash Power Energy Drik in the late 1990s.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>If there is a man who loves and fights for Santos=Dumont, that man is my big brother, Professor Ricardo Magalhães, who, along with me, Marcos Villares, great-grandnephew of the aviator and a select group of friends, does not think twice about to dedicate time and money to the effort to keep the memory of Santos=Dumont alive and intact.</div><div><br /></div><div>In the middle 1930s, the Museum of Ipiranga was experiencing difficulties, three years after the death of Santos=Dumont, Arnaldo Villares, Jorge Dumont Villares and his brother-in-law Ricardo Severo, donated a good sum to the museum for the creation of the Santos Dumont Room, with thousands of items that belonged to the aviator.</div><div><br /></div><div>The collection consisted of a set of 1,670 pieces of various types, such as three-dimensional, iconographic and textual documents that belonged to the inventor or were produced in his honor. The following year, under the management of Affonso de d'Escragnole Taunay, the "Sala Santos Dumont" was created. The museum's renovation works were also carried out and financed by the Dumont family.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY49-j07Zaj6RLkUohM9Sg8IL8IYPL9JPUb3VYFEsC9WFPrQTQGOzPe7y-jA4n_Ivc3es5GWuotDuoZbFK6Y9vFAlb4j5aJrOaSGYQIPfcrBbp-3iKZINI07Hh6mwvtLjYu4lRmzSPsBwtv7PoccHQy33jL7KDFZ0SuluG1YCzjwoaN1SBIDIheYg8XQ/s1984/Comar%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1984" data-original-width="1724" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY49-j07Zaj6RLkUohM9Sg8IL8IYPL9JPUb3VYFEsC9WFPrQTQGOzPe7y-jA4n_Ivc3es5GWuotDuoZbFK6Y9vFAlb4j5aJrOaSGYQIPfcrBbp-3iKZINI07Hh6mwvtLjYu4lRmzSPsBwtv7PoccHQy33jL7KDFZ0SuluG1YCzjwoaN1SBIDIheYg8XQ/w556-h640/Comar%201.jpg" width="556" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Photo of my visit to the former IV COMAR on October 19, 2016, with objects that belonged to Santos=Dumont</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>The making of the exhibition furniture was custom-made at the Lyceum of Arts and Crafts of São Paulo (my great-grandmother, Giulia Maiello, says that my grandfather, Nicola Maiello, came from the Province of Caserta, in Florence, to sculpt furniture for this undertaking).</div><div><br /></div><div>Anyway, the inauguration took place on October 23, 1936 and since then it has been very difficult to maintain the room and the aviator's memory.</div><div><br /></div><div><div>At that time there was also the idea of creating a space to honor Santos Dumont in the new Ibirapuera Park, which was being conceived. Political instability in Brazil during the Vargas era postponed the project by 20 years, and it was only inaugurated on October 16, 1960, (at that time the Santos=Dumont foundation already existed, created in the 1950s) on the floors of the Pavilhão Lucas Nogueira Garcez, better known such as Oca, designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer in Ibirapuera Park.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_MybxFjfhLZsC9TJxd9KsKAsIAKMpcrsr9w3R5406EcMGxqSPJEbEEiqGNZE8cIeuK6pnlMUi_0cf03CnWy9Crj_NaoMf7PKjI_Yv4-PiSjjS7QsdVq4TKLHNGXtj0jkpK-_yNxq4k708VnSDXlsrbDe8CpGmeSVf4gBwj4B5Jlt63s5KOog2XPBqYg/s1984/Comar%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1984" data-original-width="1724" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_MybxFjfhLZsC9TJxd9KsKAsIAKMpcrsr9w3R5406EcMGxqSPJEbEEiqGNZE8cIeuK6pnlMUi_0cf03CnWy9Crj_NaoMf7PKjI_Yv4-PiSjjS7QsdVq4TKLHNGXtj0jkpK-_yNxq4k708VnSDXlsrbDe8CpGmeSVf4gBwj4B5Jlt63s5KOog2XPBqYg/w556-h640/Comar%202.jpg" width="556" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Photo of my visit to the former IV COMAR on October 19, 2016, with objects that belonged to Santos=Dumont</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>Maintained by the Secretary of Culture of the State of São Paulo, the Museum of Aeronautics also had the support of the Ministry of Aeronautics and private companies.</div><div><br /></div><div>The museum had its doors closed to the public in 1996 and started to host only a few private events, such as the two-year Flash Power Energy Drink party promoted by Paulinho Machline, Udo Holler and Arnaldo Waligora, which took place on March 30, 1999, the company my wife worked for at the time.</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0Ofw7UEpQnPBDuP7jPhYPtPvGNLUR4SV4UWT6hs0F0D84yu6z3XI7cpl7O_mEv92aUQG4BffOm0WLIxyAitguWcYfwl7_VD8Pn9CfUNbYiHxFLAT6tyVaA6g3It1q0nA9OeSRV_If3sBBd2IR8W6hQbLIH4WPK_q8IfLrsd9B1piwD-p10KA0q_Syxg/s2048/Avioes%20da%20Oca%201.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0Ofw7UEpQnPBDuP7jPhYPtPvGNLUR4SV4UWT6hs0F0D84yu6z3XI7cpl7O_mEv92aUQG4BffOm0WLIxyAitguWcYfwl7_VD8Pn9CfUNbYiHxFLAT6tyVaA6g3It1q0nA9OeSRV_If3sBBd2IR8W6hQbLIH4WPK_q8IfLrsd9B1piwD-p10KA0q_Syxg/w640-h640/Avioes%20da%20Oca%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Internal map of the Museu da Aeronautica / Oca - The P47 Thunderbolt was at the TAM Museum (today they are in the Company's collection), the replica of the 14 Bis and Demoiselle, also at the TAM Museum, the IPT Glider and the Ypiranga at the Revoar Project</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>The museum was definitively closed in the year 2000, allegedly due to the mega exhibition "Brasil+500 - Mostra do Reescobrimento", which also included the Bienal Foundation building and the Manoel da Nóbrega Pavilion and brought together works from the pre-Cabraline period to the 20th century. The OCA at Ibirapuera began to be used on a large scale for exhibitions by "maecenas" Edemar Cid Ferreira, from the "controversial" Banco Santos.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjV6H6D37QxiMnc44hlPuGx3htz_0trXLGVoUsXAHO8L8uuk2xA0SrRN2SOABZmouzca4xfnFMWkB6BMZzU7R9Y4SGQDsKqbkKjoZxRWFNbJs3AXQTSedkRJVDla0f5LoE0fAeHE9gaFksSIAQkE5fzq3if5EVZVzRJYBZiekg5Dya8oQ1MsrXl51mmA/s2048/Avioes%20da%20Oca%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjV6H6D37QxiMnc44hlPuGx3htz_0trXLGVoUsXAHO8L8uuk2xA0SrRN2SOABZmouzca4xfnFMWkB6BMZzU7R9Y4SGQDsKqbkKjoZxRWFNbJs3AXQTSedkRJVDla0f5LoE0fAeHE9gaFksSIAQkE5fzq3if5EVZVzRJYBZiekg5Dya8oQ1MsrXl51mmA/w640-h640/Avioes%20da%20Oca%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Internal map of the Museu da Aeronautica / Oca - The Gloster Meteor MK-8, Jahú was duly recovered and is safe in the TAM Museum collection, the PT- 19 and Muniz are in Project Revoar</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>With the revocation of the concession for the space occupied by the Aeronautics Museum in the park, the Santos Dumont Foundation and the City of São Paulo transferred the entire collection to a reserved area in CEMUCAM Park, in Cotia, which was renamed Parque Santos Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0A1MReuSA62YSRwxwVkQaKqaX2WIoCZCcAqdznSP8MFfIi0E951JSIO3mf0JS99HZwPxjam_sh4vxPqxfDv3HEreZeYIJrJVIvJUgRP_IxmDOYqOymUPcEOIhYsinzKDA2w908Ac3bg7fmtlDqXNanXDMDqcFrtXeSdaKwwWDNp8g5t2_9OFgler7Lg/s2048/Avioes%20da%20Oca%203.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0A1MReuSA62YSRwxwVkQaKqaX2WIoCZCcAqdznSP8MFfIi0E951JSIO3mf0JS99HZwPxjam_sh4vxPqxfDv3HEreZeYIJrJVIvJUgRP_IxmDOYqOymUPcEOIhYsinzKDA2w908Ac3bg7fmtlDqXNanXDMDqcFrtXeSdaKwwWDNp8g5t2_9OFgler7Lg/w640-h640/Avioes%20da%20Oca%203.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Interior map of Museu da Aeronautica / Oca - P-47 Thunderbolt, Curtiss-Wright Corporation, “Brasil”, a 90 HP Cessna 140-A that belonged to Dona Ada Rogato, North-American T-6 Esquadrilha da Fumaça and a Waco Aircraft Company C.S.O.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>In 2002 a new museum opened in Guarulhos, and part of the collection was taken there, as seen in this year's ASAS magazine.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg2Fqij9m-0O3ND5bhyC2nSJQv_58ZHWGGgZ3M9SHkRxTlYu5eh-IebKc0x3GHNRiX8scexbfVNXMRd81m5RFdR491KMR3BSgWWAzTPskvBAiRPyCaas6Si1n8XWvVddWUmzFtF4RefHQ5xN-wpoeTQaCFi0LU_NqNM0AgPgB8Wf6yKVASyp_NFQ8a5g/s1117/Revista%20Asas.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="956" data-original-width="1117" height="548" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg2Fqij9m-0O3ND5bhyC2nSJQv_58ZHWGGgZ3M9SHkRxTlYu5eh-IebKc0x3GHNRiX8scexbfVNXMRd81m5RFdR491KMR3BSgWWAzTPskvBAiRPyCaas6Si1n8XWvVddWUmzFtF4RefHQ5xN-wpoeTQaCFi0LU_NqNM0AgPgB8Wf6yKVASyp_NFQ8a5g/w640-h548/Revista%20Asas.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><b>Transcription of the Article</b></div><div><br /></div><div><div>The commander of BASP cel. Lima de Andrade, and the mayor of Guarulhos, Eloi Pietà, inaugurate the new museum.</div><div><br /></div><div>Inauguration of the Guarulhos Aeronautical Museum</div><div><br /></div><div>In one of the most popular events, the newest Brazilian aviation museum, the Aeronautical Museum of Guarulhos, was inaugurated on the morning of December 5, 2002, the result of an agreement between the São Paulo Air Base (BASP), the Santos-Dumont Foundation and the Municipality of Guarulhos (see ASAS n°10). The new museum is located in BASP itself and, in this first phase of implementation, has a hangar where a Fairchild PT-19, a Muniz M-7 biplane and the North American T-6D Texan piloted by Col. Braga na Esquadrilha da Fumaça) and a large air-conditioned exhibition hall with a snack bar and magazine shop. In this hall, in excellent exhibition conditions, protected in glass showcases, there are several pieces of great historical importance referring to Alberto Santos-Dumont, such as the nacelle of 14-Bis, the basket of the balloon Brazil (also used in the dingivels N° 1.2 and 3). parts of his clothing and used by him on the flights, original documents and other items In addition, suspended, an original Demoiselle is on display.</div><div><br /></div><div>With the inauguration of the museum, the population of Greater São Paulo (metropolitan area) once again has a genuine historical space dedicated to aviation, something that it had been deprived of since the regrettable closure of the museum in Ibirapuera Park.</div><div><br /></div><div>The new museum is completely open to the public, open from Wednesday to Sunday from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with access through Gate G-3 of the São Paulo Air Force Base (BASP). The path is along Avenida Hélio Smidt, which goes to São Paulo International Airport (Cumbica), where signs inform the exit to BASP and the museum.</div><div><br /></div><div>------------</div><div><br /></div><div>Another great preserver of aircrafts is Commander Cesar Pulschen, from Projeto Revoar.</div><div><br /></div><div>He who has already flown for Varig, Vasp, Gol, ABSA and currently operates in executive aviation. A fan of vintage aircraft, Pulschen has a PT-19 from 1942, a PA11 from 1949, a Cessna 170 from 1954 and a N3N biplane from 1940. "My pleasure is restoring and maintaining the planes in their original form. All they are in flight condition. I travel a lot to go to meetings with old planes", says the captain, who has had a house with a hangar in the Eldorado Valley since 2000.</div><div><br /></div><div>After that, most of the collection that was at the São Paulo Air Base in 2007, in terrible conditions, as well as the part that was in CEMUCAM, library and smaller materials, which belonged to the Santos Dumont Foundation, with Brigadier Major José Vicente Cabral Checchia headed the Santos-Dumont Foundation at the time.</div><div><br /></div><div>Professor Ricardo Magalhães, Secretary of the Board of Trustees of the Santos Dumont Foundation, was responsible for transferring everything to Santos, with his own resources, which received several relics that were added to the collection of the Museu de Aeronáutica de Santos, the so-called 'Museu Aéreo da Baixada Santista ', curated by Ricardo himself, managed at the time by Lieutenant Colonel Jorge Tebicheranede, from 2007 to 2008.</div><div><br /></div><div>Changes in aeronautics, which transformed the Santos Air Base into the Air Base Nucleus, with a consequent reduction in personnel, caused the museum to be deactivated and the collection taken back near the Ipiranga museum, the initial destination of the 1930s, in the 4th COMAR, under the administration of Lieutenant-Brigadier Marcelo Kanitz Damasceno.</div><div><br /></div><div>There, a report by the Santos=Dumont Foundation was made with pieces from the collection, accompanied by Ricardo Magalhães, who, with the help of a team from USP, carried out the transfer.</div><div><br /></div><div>Created on March 27, 1942, the Fourth Regional Air Command (IV COMAR), headquartered in São Paulo (SP), ended its activities in August 2017 becoming COMGAP, and with that the collection was taken to the Yatch Club of Saints.</div><div><br /></div><div>With the arrival of the pandemic in 2020, under the administration of Brigadier Major Paulo Roberto Pertusi, part was transferred back to the São Paulo Air Base (this blog did not have access to where the other part was taken).</div><div><br /></div><div>Some of the items from the former Aeronautics Museum, such as the Jahu seaplane, used by Commander João Ribeiro de Barros to cross the South Atlantic, guaranteed restoration promoted by the Foundation to be exhibited at the then TAM Museum, in São Carlos (city in the estate of São Paulo).</div></div></div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="506" data-original-width="899" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghzofKPH_kCM83KNR51RChIioEQvEx5CT1971LIRFYzaefsn4Yn9I5UkscvoeOLbZezPwd87y2atHqc4gNbyA9fyFK2jTfUMDYCq9lfFzJItYK_so2IvNCS-Nj8cw4_PBboN4pPzyCr7gDjbUWpNxm9vMZxHJWvBELF1CSlEse5CHlqkruT9ZdX9tP8g/w640-h360/Luiz%20Pagano%20e%20Tizuka%20Yamazaki%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Luiz Pagano and Movie director Tizuka Yamasaki </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghzofKPH_kCM83KNR51RChIioEQvEx5CT1971LIRFYzaefsn4Yn9I5UkscvoeOLbZezPwd87y2atHqc4gNbyA9fyFK2jTfUMDYCq9lfFzJItYK_so2IvNCS-Nj8cw4_PBboN4pPzyCr7gDjbUWpNxm9vMZxHJWvBELF1CSlEse5CHlqkruT9ZdX9tP8g/s899/Luiz%20Pagano%20e%20Tizuka%20Yamazaki%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"></span></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>The great dream of Commander Rolim Adolfo Amaro, founder and president of TAM Linhas Aéreas, and of his brother João Francisco Amaro, the TAM Museum, inaugurated experimentally on November 11, 2006, in the district of Água Vermelha, in São Carlos, Attached to São Carlos Airport and LATAM MRO, it operated for 10 years, growing from 32 aircraft to 100 of them. Continuing the endless back-and-forth of museum closures, this one was also deactivated in January 2016 with the transfer of the TAM Museum collection to new facilities, May 12, 2018, to be built in the place where the Memorial is located Aeroespacial Brasileiro, in the city of São José dos Campos.</div><div><br /></div><div>Today the collection is at the headquarters of Embraer and the Department of Aerospace Science and Technology (DCTA), attached to São José dos Campos Airport. The agreement was reached in the presence of the president of the Tam Museum, João Amaro, the mayor of São José dos Campos, Colonel Ozires Silva and other museum and city authorities.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Irreparable losses</b></div><div><br /></div><div>It is evident that in each of these displacements, regardless of the endeavor of Ricardo, mine and the effort of our friends, much is lost. As everything is done with own resources and sometimes, without the consent and prior knowledge issued by the Brazilian Air force, the difficulty multiplies.</div><div><br /></div><div>I hope with all my heart that one day we can have the security and pleasure of having a worthy museology system, as well as the exaltation of our myths in a way comparable to those of the north-Americans, so that we can finally tell our history with more respect, increasing the love and dedication of the Brazilian people to science and culture.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>References</b></div></div><div><br /></div><div>AERO Magazine, Inner Editora</div><div><br /></div><div>BUENO, Eduardo - Presentismo e Presentificação do Passado: a Narrativa Jornalística da Historia na Coleção Terra Brasilis – 2010; </div><div><br /></div><div>FAB, Força Aérea Brasileira | CPDOC». cpdoc.fgv.br.- Fundação Santos Dummont». www.santosdumont.org.br; </div><div><br /></div><div>Folha de S.Paulo - Descobrimento: Brasil 500 Anos vai expor carta de Caminha - 03/06/1999». www1.folha.uol.com.br;</div><div><br /></div><div>GALANTE, Alexandre (15 de maio de 2018). «Museu Asas de um Sonho será instalado em São José dos Campos (SP)». Poder Aéreo - Forças Aéreas, Indústria Aeronáutica e de Defesa;</div><div><br /></div><div>MEMORIAL 0122A - Lucas Nogueira Garcez ZH 2014;</div><div><br /></div><div>MUNDO Educação. - Como surgiu o avião? - Mundo Educação»;</div><div><br /></div><div>Revista Turismo - Parque do Ibirapuera. www.revistaturismo.com.br:</div><div><br /></div></div><div><br /></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-3500508986654569342022-11-07T11:38:00.034-08:002023-08-28T08:20:35.008-07:00Santos Dumont and Apple at 114 Champs-Élysées, home to the world's greatest innovations<p> </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguEn9q6i0afxiwQ8KSaq7sVKKy_oY8g9Jfa2lFq3lmvx4xcE6vQQfu3PGB06CJLsQYoQflBqYAhy3vuPeL_5GshvqwpB-ZFmhm6GbjHme8hMIY1S2nryhLXdwZSAGFXRs12seOYFaLHpgf9k5i8qv-M_cf6CNACl7tEEBm4chNIt1OySza41LzQcsGkA/s3948/Sala%20de%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2352" data-original-width="3948" height="382" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguEn9q6i0afxiwQ8KSaq7sVKKy_oY8g9Jfa2lFq3lmvx4xcE6vQQfu3PGB06CJLsQYoQflBqYAhy3vuPeL_5GshvqwpB-ZFmhm6GbjHme8hMIY1S2nryhLXdwZSAGFXRs12seOYFaLHpgf9k5i8qv-M_cf6CNACl7tEEBm4chNIt1OySza41LzQcsGkA/w640-h382/Sala%20de%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont's office in his apartment on the Champs-Élysées rendered from photos of the time, superimposed on current ones</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><div><br /><div><div>It was at number 114 on the Champs-Élysées that Santos=Dumont invented the greatest number of aerial machines - innovation continues at this address with the Apple store (a full plate for those who credit him as a creative egregore).</div><div><br /></div><div>Much can be said when analyzing the photos of Santos=Dumont's apartment at the time.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDqfHcUxjoHqsqziMn5wRe682-2CpAnRuzZ4DSzSNx3gxc68aZOJaa5mlws5LWevd00h2eEUfQeROtSPQlpD5HMkPqCGF_f5zvQtRAgClmh_nYNbjvj9wBJkkY51VUL8re_hi9f7NjmKRyLc6ew0RxAHqFkLHvYj9wPlVM022EFKu2QH7ipKuef5gHCTTD/s755/Sala%20jantar%20nas%20alturas%20hoje.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="606" data-original-width="755" height="514" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDqfHcUxjoHqsqziMn5wRe682-2CpAnRuzZ4DSzSNx3gxc68aZOJaa5mlws5LWevd00h2eEUfQeROtSPQlpD5HMkPqCGF_f5zvQtRAgClmh_nYNbjvj9wBJkkY51VUL8re_hi9f7NjmKRyLc6ew0RxAHqFkLHvYj9wPlVM022EFKu2QH7ipKuef5gHCTTD/w640-h514/Sala%20jantar%20nas%20alturas%20hoje.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Dining Room in the Sky circa 2020 - Apple store</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div></div><div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2022/11/objetos-contam-que-uma-historia-na-casa.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont's life could have been better documented, were it not for the episode in which Santos sets fire to several documents, <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2011/06/santosdumont-erases-part-of-his-history.html">in the backyard of his house in Benérville, in August 1914, when gendarmerrie agents suspected that he might be a spy of war (learn more)</a></div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaknxNBS1mc4g66yo9lYPAQrlUk396tGIwMshqEloctCWDXXJX9zvKi71kTV4JT61gYwEeq7GtLEJjE9mtelqcSJbkOkUGtFpVMgzgutQIAANIAqNwskz-tOk9KgruDyUzSIjOwFRzXA0NbpK5e1vRJf6jqX1ORHiuCFMBotbNE4arYbFGXGR6ZSv12Q/s1189/Luiz%20Pagano%20na%20frente%20do%20ap%20de%20SD.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="1189" height="620" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaknxNBS1mc4g66yo9lYPAQrlUk396tGIwMshqEloctCWDXXJX9zvKi71kTV4JT61gYwEeq7GtLEJjE9mtelqcSJbkOkUGtFpVMgzgutQIAANIAqNwskz-tOk9KgruDyUzSIjOwFRzXA0NbpK5e1vRJf6jqX1ORHiuCFMBotbNE4arYbFGXGR6ZSv12Q/w640-h620/Luiz%20Pagano%20na%20frente%20do%20ap%20de%20SD.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Luiz Pagano at Avenida Champs Elysées, 114, on the corner of Rue Washington, Santos Dumont's address in Paris</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">You that are reading this article may have already noticed that much of the information we see in biographies seems to be repeated from book to book, with a lot of data about some events and, on the other hand, huge gaps, of up to decades, with lost events.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2012/02/santosdumont-apartment-in-paris.html">I myself wrote an article about Santos+Dumont's apartment in 2012 (learn more)</a></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVa54k-pnjs5gUYLJd5RKokGNVYSZ48GLBWJPEnWvII7bB1yaexuY4z3FnV_ElVwgyky03ZAm7_8rxJ6q0n-mjlMebhmjmESP5PCRHgOqrcPOMjG1t4LVGenQ_kVwnAa-cqCbpiqNHx3xhWwCa1TlvLKdQW_l12vocYPkxpu0i6pFzZWyuuHXiOj-qcPEh/s2000/Casa%20de%20S=D%20mapa.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVa54k-pnjs5gUYLJd5RKokGNVYSZ48GLBWJPEnWvII7bB1yaexuY4z3FnV_ElVwgyky03ZAm7_8rxJ6q0n-mjlMebhmjmESP5PCRHgOqrcPOMjG1t4LVGenQ_kVwnAa-cqCbpiqNHx3xhWwCa1TlvLKdQW_l12vocYPkxpu0i6pFzZWyuuHXiOj-qcPEh/w640-h640/Casa%20de%20S=D%20mapa.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Description of the environments at the time when Santos=Dumont lived in the apartment, we can see the "roundabout" oval room, the office next to the facades of Rue Washington and Champs Élysees and, in the background, the staff and guest room, kitchen and bathrooms.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>One can compensate for some of these losses simply by analyzing the various photographs, especially those taken in his apartment on Rue Washington.</div><div><br /></div><div><div>In the photos of the time, we see basically four environments:</div><div><br /></div><div>1 - Rotunda or Oval Room: This is a central and prominent space in the apartment. The oval shape provides a sense of fluidity and elegance to the environment. Possibly the oval hall was used to receive guests and hold meetings. With its unique shape, it sings with sophisticated furniture carefully to suit the room's aesthetic and purpose;</div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYfD6E59MuZSfDgfJ8oA_Q0WJXPm32e-5qM2F1sVBPKdQGnQ-gF10hHaJlKyrikDZuGu8os5kmJRK-16hwl2uMP-f1CAfmDpyrZ9kFWoL_tIIXmdOESPqwChp9yp-T-W7WUBeJh6qUjGclnfJGD38IZdvXdcbYM4YycSUBm1eOqqBkOFUb6s07rs7WX6Tf/s3168/Sala%202%202.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2772" data-original-width="3168" height="560" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYfD6E59MuZSfDgfJ8oA_Q0WJXPm32e-5qM2F1sVBPKdQGnQ-gF10hHaJlKyrikDZuGu8os5kmJRK-16hwl2uMP-f1CAfmDpyrZ9kFWoL_tIIXmdOESPqwChp9yp-T-W7WUBeJh6qUjGclnfJGD38IZdvXdcbYM4YycSUBm1eOqqBkOFUb6s07rs7WX6Tf/w640-h560/Sala%202%202.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">2- The Office of Santos=Dumont, photo overlooking the shelf, detail for the large amount of paper on the table, among them journalistic articles, flight photos, envelope cutting templates and models of nacelles for his airships, etc.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdgBnBbNxpMWd9VVhX2r8X2JIW9ex_3tFPSWWJJf85-XUCUAwzKtyRUcfDf-NF3F_baQGWZRgC2aeYA5ViTvVe7lOTo26IACiI0zfKN8-3IOCCNC_OgOSivLgeaJqxcqb1T4em2kTmnKocaca2bBt5KVQhkrgFwFQ8nJj9qWjqjO1Tlw23z9KzJlkwVKe/s1275/Sala%202%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1275" height="602" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdgBnBbNxpMWd9VVhX2r8X2JIW9ex_3tFPSWWJJf85-XUCUAwzKtyRUcfDf-NF3F_baQGWZRgC2aeYA5ViTvVe7lOTo26IACiI0zfKN8-3IOCCNC_OgOSivLgeaJqxcqb1T4em2kTmnKocaca2bBt5KVQhkrgFwFQ8nJj9qWjqjO1Tlw23z9KzJlkwVKe/w640-h602/Sala%202%20Santos%20Dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont's office front photo - S=D evaluates a metal piece, details to be observed: wallpaper with an owl motif, the radica table, lamp and art nouveau frame<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicmzE0j1lFPFP0K1CX4_l68V-rL2WDXyhhdn34FP3ePZlMBvq-60NFZ6s-zI5u_3v0pwZ1mxlfUrzk4M7F7ysSLHji86kL0jptkT7h09pmEhgrvqEAri20X5F0sweC9b5-BbwDI7ZhMre9KXgh_tOtNd4eZvt6xfnUxLHsW2O5MRmN7YP-Sq6UPWeRuXLb/s873/escrit.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="873" data-original-width="866" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicmzE0j1lFPFP0K1CX4_l68V-rL2WDXyhhdn34FP3ePZlMBvq-60NFZ6s-zI5u_3v0pwZ1mxlfUrzk4M7F7ysSLHji86kL0jptkT7h09pmEhgrvqEAri20X5F0sweC9b5-BbwDI7ZhMre9KXgh_tOtNd4eZvt6xfnUxLHsW2O5MRmN7YP-Sq6UPWeRuXLb/w634-h640/escrit.jpg" width="634" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">S=D analyzing a project in the office next to a model, moments before going to engineering.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><div><br /></div><div><div>2 - Office: In the office, Santos=Dumont dedicated most of his time to reflection and planning. The bookcase suggests that this was a space where he studied and did research. It may have contained books on aviation, science and technology, reflecting Santos=Dumont's intellectual and creative interests;</div><div><br /></div><div>3 - Engineering: The engineering room was a place of action and experimentation. It was where he began to turn his ideas and projects into reality.</div></div><div><div><div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDqDhtjviGhTNyhfy0Tjw8uRfEvyRXX-K4iFArc-bgmXAxrq92QucA5zp2oaJdxWFxqGTu2wv_pktbLazxnmZGtpwwmA-rukTsYEAjtnLViDl8GN1FOygDBUh14BK6UC1b3DpGBgTU9eBHM_3zqdKwSd_EAxyavCyvoPLTs_RTt5EglLjfGSo0Ji_D1vJU/s3393/Sala%203%20Santos%20dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2331" data-original-width="3393" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDqDhtjviGhTNyhfy0Tjw8uRfEvyRXX-K4iFArc-bgmXAxrq92QucA5zp2oaJdxWFxqGTu2wv_pktbLazxnmZGtpwwmA-rukTsYEAjtnLViDl8GN1FOygDBUh14BK6UC1b3DpGBgTU9eBHM_3zqdKwSd_EAxyavCyvoPLTs_RTt5EglLjfGSo0Ji_D1vJU/w640-h440/Sala%203%20Santos%20dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont's third room would be the equivalent of engineering. Place where he designs the technical part of his aircraft, maintains ropes, cables and fuel, spare parts, as well as builds and makes his models.</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div><div><br /></div><div>Gym equipment, including the rowing machine and weights, suggest that he also valued physical health.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbZ_Qh1fp_QbahW9oKvjfAiz87BuSce5WZ6Mfi5ktdNGMZQ8B6cfKZsl0qBa9xi7KoTRXysBMYR9a6hrZhx2sQaY81301Ie1BuKHj5sAgBLssMZieZlAixKIXwvcHzOFktX3r5HWXJJj1L2JV_-1F2Cjm9ldCjpKmZDcLJvlIeXKTZ1E9N_zc3v0yDzggc/s1007/escrito%CC%81rio.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1007" data-original-width="1007" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbZ_Qh1fp_QbahW9oKvjfAiz87BuSce5WZ6Mfi5ktdNGMZQ8B6cfKZsl0qBa9xi7KoTRXysBMYR9a6hrZhx2sQaY81301Ie1BuKHj5sAgBLssMZieZlAixKIXwvcHzOFktX3r5HWXJJj1L2JV_-1F2Cjm9ldCjpKmZDcLJvlIeXKTZ1E9N_zc3v0yDzggc/w640-h640/escrito%CC%81rio.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>The presence of an engine and battery above the fireplace indicates Dumont's continued focus on innovation and technology;</div><div><br /></div><div>4 - Dining Room in the Heights: This unique space is where Dumont enjoyed his meals, the billiard table adds a touch of entertainment and relaxation to the room;</div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqRcpsFXoGndUr-FuC4lXfdMC3x47aG3CZ079Q2hIdZQW8c3cfiCjqn2x29BZddbihD5W-GEtFT7jRBbv2NkXosCT7qugHxOa0yGsP3mVfhE2C6e5S7clDyKnm0_6WjI3WUq9AfSCjJEFLtJHt_pSvjuAWDj198tIc5xyqsrfwrgmAepj01EEHD94hlbY/s3000/Sala%204%20old%20new.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3000" data-original-width="3000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqRcpsFXoGndUr-FuC4lXfdMC3x47aG3CZ079Q2hIdZQW8c3cfiCjqn2x29BZddbihD5W-GEtFT7jRBbv2NkXosCT7qugHxOa0yGsP3mVfhE2C6e5S7clDyKnm0_6WjI3WUq9AfSCjJEFLtJHt_pSvjuAWDj198tIc5xyqsrfwrgmAepj01EEHD94hlbY/w640-h640/Sala%204%20old%20new.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">4 - Dining Room in the Heights, circa 1904</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>These four environments combined offered Santos=Dumont a versatile environment that reflected his multifaceted interests, his creativity and his quest for innovation both in aviation and in other aspects of his life.</div></div></div></div></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNjFZwYWxRz4mK0QFmAPWKEaGCXokdZ0u_D9ahW-klLsAhs59Dt6S4W8kxThoJtgOV8nlZR1lgas0WKOZN0o9qyM4IU1uSVDrJZ8wV43AHKcXUP6UNgk2tKL_ORQqpm47uyjCE9xCBH0x7EN9Sqb-whJgV9QR8-HZ_5geS6eDo6Z1GDvivibYoGWiwZQ/s1490/Foto%20do%20ap%20de%20Santos%20Dumont%20a%20rue%20washingot.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="950" data-original-width="1490" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNjFZwYWxRz4mK0QFmAPWKEaGCXokdZ0u_D9ahW-klLsAhs59Dt6S4W8kxThoJtgOV8nlZR1lgas0WKOZN0o9qyM4IU1uSVDrJZ8wV43AHKcXUP6UNgk2tKL_ORQqpm47uyjCE9xCBH0x7EN9Sqb-whJgV9QR8-HZ_5geS6eDo6Z1GDvivibYoGWiwZQ/w640-h408/Foto%20do%20ap%20de%20Santos%20Dumont%20a%20rue%20washingot.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont's office in his apartment on the Champs-Élysées</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>On the wall of one of the rooms, there is a picture behind a table, for example, with stars nailed to the frame that showed one of the pyramids of Egypt and a people riding camels.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaxEh8sllQgnzD4TkGHVvEpt7xV2c-KJC3IpTnLD_ozhEnRW4Wz0I9e1lrF-JJKB21fLkgFF_eK9bOzwBgVT42GhYHNbJF6MKZ1Kd9oemUwiNprXu0lNwFsN1_W22HYRlkqhgkjBY6xWyXPrwMLvZp8FjIrQr7OWKnlUTTzZPMRfDJkCCMuIikztYrIg/s2048/Santos=Dumont%20e%20o%20enigma%20da%20%20pira%CC%82mide%20de%20Gize%CC%81%20no%20Egito.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaxEh8sllQgnzD4TkGHVvEpt7xV2c-KJC3IpTnLD_ozhEnRW4Wz0I9e1lrF-JJKB21fLkgFF_eK9bOzwBgVT42GhYHNbJF6MKZ1Kd9oemUwiNprXu0lNwFsN1_W22HYRlkqhgkjBY6xWyXPrwMLvZp8FjIrQr7OWKnlUTTzZPMRfDJkCCMuIikztYrIg/w640-h640/Santos=Dumont%20e%20o%20enigma%20da%20%20pira%CC%82mide%20de%20Gize%CC%81%20no%20Egito.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Santos=Dumont & o enigma da pirâmide de Gizé, no Egito</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Who would those be?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>To try to solve this charade, I analyze another photo of Santos=Dumont in Egypt, from a trip we know almost nothing about. In it seem to be Santos=Dumont, someone who looks a lot like Henri Deutsch de la Meurthe, Mr Henrique Dumont (except that the dates don't match as he died in 1891) or even the tutor/protector Garcia.</div><div><br /></div><div>On page 230 of the biography Santos=Dumont e a conquista do ar (Santos=Dumont and the conquest of the air) by Aluizio Napoleão (1941) appears one of the few references to him in North Africa “Santos Dumont was beginning to get tired of life, Paris betrayed him. </div><div><br /></div><div>In vain he crossed the Mediterranean, traveled through North Africa and had his portrait in Tunis, dressed as a sheikh, by Albert, Rue Diazira "photographe de Son Altesse, le Bey". In vain he played in car racing, in engine handling. Interviews with journalists were becoming rare. He was undoubtedly "a character en vedette. But he was not "the" character en vedette.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw2ATLm_hqu2ONB-QXdAKw0frGN_LP4SfGdgHYY--O0xvLZOZtHAoDENy2V09b973cghn5YSN5GfdlJHym0o30drf-D0sl-GyzGok4pOwNyk2DUJJVuyar5MR6R4T-jth0lGpC9I7bmq5MdWaCcAlgD_STBBXJukRQpRka2JbXxuBfa-me9RyCz1CGGcEy/s1600/Piramide.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw2ATLm_hqu2ONB-QXdAKw0frGN_LP4SfGdgHYY--O0xvLZOZtHAoDENy2V09b973cghn5YSN5GfdlJHym0o30drf-D0sl-GyzGok4pOwNyk2DUJJVuyar5MR6R4T-jth0lGpC9I7bmq5MdWaCcAlgD_STBBXJukRQpRka2JbXxuBfa-me9RyCz1CGGcEy/w640-h480/Piramide.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">1<span style="font-size: xx-small;">9th century photograph: Egypt circa 1880 - Pyramid of Cheops, Giza, Egypt, 1890 photo by Lekegian studio.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>As for the photo of the pyramid in the background, behind Dumont, there was no one known from S=D there, it is a photograph from the 19th century: Egypt around 1880 - Pyramid of Cheops, Giza, Egypt, photo from 1890 by the Lekegian studio.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Whose picture is on the desk?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>In 1917, the New York Journal's European correspondent sent a note about Santos=Dumont's engagement to Miss Edna Powers. Edna was an American who lived in Paris with her parents. The text is in the Aerospace Museum of Rio de Janerio.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAmvrR9Q7LDrTHvJJP9hHvelnzJovtrWmqGuzQdiNjAfi1unMiep3ZbSdGGivOkuwyFggtCbxUV52oYf8FqPxKsAQiKPriglTlYeqe4NOg2ogAlYzCEpBzoeOm4I-PgAczeitYFm8mshyZMmsZRQsaqkmTVTHPnfWbsUyXKp2XGBN9tEbS3miKCNz_Mwc/s2048/whoose%20picture.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAmvrR9Q7LDrTHvJJP9hHvelnzJovtrWmqGuzQdiNjAfi1unMiep3ZbSdGGivOkuwyFggtCbxUV52oYf8FqPxKsAQiKPriglTlYeqe4NOg2ogAlYzCEpBzoeOm4I-PgAczeitYFm8mshyZMmsZRQsaqkmTVTHPnfWbsUyXKp2XGBN9tEbS3miKCNz_Mwc/w640-h640/whoose%20picture.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Aida d'Acosta, Edna Powers or another woman? - According to the newspaper República, it was Edna Power - but in the close-up photo you can read the dedication in English "To Santos = Dumont", something illegible, and the signature, which can be either Edna or Lurline (depending on how you analyze it the graphology of the "E" or "L").</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>Or it could also be Aida d'Acosta, the first woman to fly a blimp through the French skies (in the world)</div><div><br /></div><div>But according to S=D, he was already married to his aircraft family.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><div><div><b>Edna or Lurline</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Who else should have had the photo on Santos=Dumont's desk was the American millionaire Lurline Spreckels, according to biographer Cosme Degenar.</div></div><div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXigfWBKGNGaEwCBE_KvIKvEubPjNmwzKX4Obltr5Bq6wMOhlp61HhWCF1jVj6XaEPr8TY3osLVYXJlqaeu9uBzMoDGx6ylP5mGpdHMhj9WTkryd1uGjNDXp1IQdisBUbCJTZ09DJFGLBI3D5VuSddnYXPx9oy71tBrJH7QMuomxfecJjNdVbPpLyekt6M/s834/Lurline.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="834" data-original-width="688" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXigfWBKGNGaEwCBE_KvIKvEubPjNmwzKX4Obltr5Bq6wMOhlp61HhWCF1jVj6XaEPr8TY3osLVYXJlqaeu9uBzMoDGx6ylP5mGpdHMhj9WTkryd1uGjNDXp1IQdisBUbCJTZ09DJFGLBI3D5VuSddnYXPx9oy71tBrJH7QMuomxfecJjNdVbPpLyekt6M/w528-h640/Lurline.jpg" width="528" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=dumont and Lurline Spreckels</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div>Dumont was engaged to her until her mother forbade the engagement, believing Dumont to be a dowries hunter.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQvIrl2pJuo7B0tLyuFC_lLWA_v-AwtLnjEgpCzREefJx4pDVwRG-X6wuMgC4Yo2_Ja_3vJozulWKDgPeluEcQaRDS0X_6UmC9Qvg-J2-e8JHsJmvOTL1y4Y8-l8yF_Veq3qAIjVaeei8w_xdW-4cTSjFS5UEbwowTryLNolPs0urmwS1ME6Um01c9T7fP/s2000/Santos%20Dumont%20e%20Lurline.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQvIrl2pJuo7B0tLyuFC_lLWA_v-AwtLnjEgpCzREefJx4pDVwRG-X6wuMgC4Yo2_Ja_3vJozulWKDgPeluEcQaRDS0X_6UmC9Qvg-J2-e8JHsJmvOTL1y4Y8-l8yF_Veq3qAIjVaeei8w_xdW-4cTSjFS5UEbwowTryLNolPs0urmwS1ME6Um01c9T7fP/w640-h640/Santos%20Dumont%20e%20Lurline.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Other photos that belonged to Santos=Dumont with Lurline Spreckels</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>On December 21, the Republic newspaper, from Saint Louis, in the United States, informs that “the king of the air is going to marry a beautiful Yankee”. it was not Lurline Spreckels, but another American, Edna Power. The article says that Santos=Dumont's fiancée belonged to the American colony in Paris and “lost her heart” for him when she heard him recount the adventures of his escapes. “And he, in his loneliness away from his Brazilian home, lost his heart to her because she was brilliant, understanding and ingratiating.”</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXO23dl7tMHOkI3echgOLPefXtHdk9EBJtQDFX8gMUUpt7e_EKs0OIT1sGTfe4Emit-LbU6s65cgylmK4FOolczkK5AdwTEGxmLYvDD4j6wLHSegdpuH6gSZ319OKfWOkCUdtXom08YhTeBmk-8PRYRGTMEcOINcwAFccR_axd0liVbUOL7eZdErEkdyTk/s811/Edna.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="811" data-original-width="317" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXO23dl7tMHOkI3echgOLPefXtHdk9EBJtQDFX8gMUUpt7e_EKs0OIT1sGTfe4Emit-LbU6s65cgylmK4FOolczkK5AdwTEGxmLYvDD4j6wLHSegdpuH6gSZ319OKfWOkCUdtXom08YhTeBmk-8PRYRGTMEcOINcwAFccR_axd0liVbUOL7eZdErEkdyTk/w250-h640/Edna.jpg" width="250" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">On December 21, the Saint Louis newspaper Republic reported that Santos=Dumont was going to marry Edna Power.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>Coincidence or not, Santos=Dumont writes two days later, on December 23, 1901, a letter to his Brazilian friend Pedro Guimarães in which he mentions being in a dilemma – loving and selfish, financially speaking. He does not mention Edna Powers by her name, but refers to "darling".</div></div><div><br /></div></div><div> A short distance away, on a black plinth more than a meter long, was a white marble bust of Victor Hugo, the aeronaut is known to have had great admiration for the poet of the Chansons des rues et des bois. In fact, the two had many affinities: they were dreamers, visionaries and possessed of a fertile and powerful imagination.</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibXBIimZOVwuq9QVJgaBoWEaf-8JfUHG0PaesUKOS_8ehxOHBbJLO5PrsqNgyDs9E-YWR6pI3dbJfQDdRnE_W2H3d_7AgdzBPlNEWfNnGqkabyAKfeRRkZr7InRZqagGrBW9kKhT9S2ydI2pQZKPWmkBEOwXQf3LJrja998CIPPrW1ssqKCH8CV2PmyA/s2048/Objetos%20de%20Santos%20Dumont%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibXBIimZOVwuq9QVJgaBoWEaf-8JfUHG0PaesUKOS_8ehxOHBbJLO5PrsqNgyDs9E-YWR6pI3dbJfQDdRnE_W2H3d_7AgdzBPlNEWfNnGqkabyAKfeRRkZr7InRZqagGrBW9kKhT9S2ydI2pQZKPWmkBEOwXQf3LJrja998CIPPrW1ssqKCH8CV2PmyA/w640-h640/Objetos%20de%20Santos%20Dumont%20.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><div><br /></div><div>In October 1901, the Brazilian colony in France, presented S=D with a replica of the statue of Jean-Antoine Injalbert (1845–1933), "La Renommée" (the fame), replicated by the talented artist Thiebaud, leaning against the mirror.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjetkgH_1tofwyGdmQxk3x0uKlvPySJKw2PFQXUZKs-bq5H5sKfP3J1_ofiih1dHaFqMqfN2I9_gVT95rNvnbqY236k8FBuD5TZnnUTOPXgvM5SoSV2sSLZZE16VSMPW6nVHEl4RvXdRARIS2J62zSO-i5AyBGQRXscRKG8Olrl12aLwL4-CusobJc8Ag/s2048/objetos%20de%20SD.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjetkgH_1tofwyGdmQxk3x0uKlvPySJKw2PFQXUZKs-bq5H5sKfP3J1_ofiih1dHaFqMqfN2I9_gVT95rNvnbqY236k8FBuD5TZnnUTOPXgvM5SoSV2sSLZZE16VSMPW6nVHEl4RvXdRARIS2J62zSO-i5AyBGQRXscRKG8Olrl12aLwL4-CusobJc8Ag/w640-h640/objetos%20de%20SD.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><div>In this photo we see the large windows with balconies overlooking the Champs-Élysées, one of which has a well-known photo in which S=D explains the operation of the balloon with guide rope to his brother-in-law, Mr. Carlos de andrade Villares, married to Gabriela.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>The Various Environments of the Noble Address</b></div></div></div></div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWrYlrKtLWrmFJHwi0OAMyi8vPtscDbBO_hnsMgljLQTMP59Ls9wQxGRqB6TGrNIebLRaRbJswyWPvfCjVDq0TRPUYB113FtwKE-9HZ6oRy30HcmKeOXO2bzMa5bqo19MzXgrymEKq1nHH7ZrZx0xnPB2AObuU9i2GQmX2O-OAjIf4XwHFlZzxG4Kv/s2048/Same%20address%20many%20inovations.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWrYlrKtLWrmFJHwi0OAMyi8vPtscDbBO_hnsMgljLQTMP59Ls9wQxGRqB6TGrNIebLRaRbJswyWPvfCjVDq0TRPUYB113FtwKE-9HZ6oRy30HcmKeOXO2bzMa5bqo19MzXgrymEKq1nHH7ZrZx0xnPB2AObuU9i2GQmX2O-OAjIf4XwHFlZzxG4Kv/w640-h640/Same%20address%20many%20inovations.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small; text-align: left;">On the corner of Champs-Élysées and Rue Washington lived Santos=Dumont, who made the feat of parking the Dirigeable #9 to have a coffee, Luiz Pagano had dinner with fans of this blog at Le Mood in 2014 and is currently the Apple Store in Paris</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><div>The noble address on the corner of Champs-Élysées and Rue Washington, has already had several opportunities to be visited, whether by the 2010 ballad 'Le Mood'.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEileaG5bLS7oG_kvDereuuDSbs2g-vDR-KJsVHHAJiLLeD2BLB7ZWNj_sMDCIZvpod64OMRzmbofbGGxxP7bpr-oC3kv1Vz6vfhkfbEyuDwqdcl_ea4DjF6loztAJE4s6hwuTVdEieNUuIRgRxGBCFSIF0tnoo0dgbU9oDo1Vi4X9YYVejjgSjoBd6avoQu/s2000/Casa%20de%20S=D%20as%20diversas%20modificac%CC%A7o%CC%83es.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEileaG5bLS7oG_kvDereuuDSbs2g-vDR-KJsVHHAJiLLeD2BLB7ZWNj_sMDCIZvpod64OMRzmbofbGGxxP7bpr-oC3kv1Vz6vfhkfbEyuDwqdcl_ea4DjF6loztAJE4s6hwuTVdEieNUuIRgRxGBCFSIF0tnoo0dgbU9oDo1Vi4X9YYVejjgSjoBd6avoQu/w640-h640/Casa%20de%20S=D%20as%20diversas%20modificac%CC%A7o%CC%83es.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">These are the various tenants of the famous property, Le Mood from 1913, the Apple store and in the days of Dumont</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>But nothing makes more sense than Santos=Dumont's great expression of genius in giving way to the also innovative Apple store.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8LGtIOcnDAyE_uK1paVpIRHQwj0_0se53CqjO8oeOM06YJL4Bs5pHqzE3zPYBZ09i6OGiUp-JpgDbxiiZRpXkjwLqXYaPnMshOIdbJtKUfeiN8cWbm4HwqBOrJNJIQY-5MZizvR1G2qEk7F2Uld7_bxdUZ-92qjltJqx1pXg_ugkTuetI-NojOHQ9/s2048/The%20right%20address%20for%20world%20innovation.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8LGtIOcnDAyE_uK1paVpIRHQwj0_0se53CqjO8oeOM06YJL4Bs5pHqzE3zPYBZ09i6OGiUp-JpgDbxiiZRpXkjwLqXYaPnMshOIdbJtKUfeiN8cWbm4HwqBOrJNJIQY-5MZizvR1G2qEk7F2Uld7_bxdUZ-92qjltJqx1pXg_ugkTuetI-NojOHQ9/w640-h640/The%20right%20address%20for%20world%20innovation.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">For those who believe in creative egregore, perhaps this is the most iconic place in the world! - It was on this table that in 1910 Santos Dumont created his wonderful inventions of air navigation, taking great steps to bring flight to humanity, opening up perspectives of integration and entertainment never seen before. In 2018, Steve Jobs' Apple brings the coolest and most fun innovations the world has ever seen to the same place. There's no denying that big innovations seem to haunt the iconic apartment 114 Champs-Élysées</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Elegance that comes in generations - the Apple Watch is inspired by Cartier Santos</div><div><br /></div><div>Perhaps the choice of Santos=Dumont's apartment in Paris to be the location of the Apple store was not coincidental, Johnny Ive, Apple's head of design, said that when details of the Apple Watch development process were emerging, Marc Newson, who had recently joined Ive's team at Apple, was greatly inspired by the vintage Cartier Santos wristwatch. </div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjW6rCpcNXjaohuA-k7DSiIHBw80HkcDuKq3rZ1vUPMFMLVn-sk8LTxkXT50r4UliBphaBfghPj1TRMmDY79Tx08rj5A_Qy1t-9NCchelJiPYhA3ctLcKhljPww7ay7hhuUB1pl03t5WGUroc_zNb-B4JzbyBP1Oi2Rafi9YCpD1heRfJaMZeHX7Ta/s1258/Apple%20watch%20cartier%20santos.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="909" data-original-width="1258" height="462" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjW6rCpcNXjaohuA-k7DSiIHBw80HkcDuKq3rZ1vUPMFMLVn-sk8LTxkXT50r4UliBphaBfghPj1TRMmDY79Tx08rj5A_Qy1t-9NCchelJiPYhA3ctLcKhljPww7ay7hhuUB1pl03t5WGUroc_zNb-B4JzbyBP1Oi2Rafi9YCpD1heRfJaMZeHX7Ta/w640-h462/Apple%20watch%20cartier%20santos.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Apple Watch inspired by Cartier Santos</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>Like the Apple Watch, the IkePod also adopted Cartier's classic square dial Santos, Ive also revealed that the Apple Watch was positioned as a premium smartwatch that would compete with a Rolex, Cartier or Omega.</div><div><br /></div><div>The Apple Watch uses extremely premium materials, similar to Rolex watches, but has been positioned at a lower price point than these high-end luxury items.</div><div><br /></div><div>Ive, like Santos=Dumont is a car enthusiast, owned a Bentley Mulsanne and an Aston Martin DB4.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>Watches</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxtai1b1MnvQ6qPg--fKm2tb5s3YDI4JMAUk9bbf2ycf9zfXBbCuAVi82Lw4aDw9A9x4tkOe-B12Vh3jfZEy4iRtIKhE_s49X6vjJAIz1boes4SuSvXwExa3XlkJtEc_IwZpYOhkANa3JVuvlrG6x8aciUQmHEAxkHGkFnmddWfHIG0LljRFkrpGuK/s640/Relo%CC%81gios.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="457" data-original-width="640" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxtai1b1MnvQ6qPg--fKm2tb5s3YDI4JMAUk9bbf2ycf9zfXBbCuAVi82Lw4aDw9A9x4tkOe-B12Vh3jfZEy4iRtIKhE_s49X6vjJAIz1boes4SuSvXwExa3XlkJtEc_IwZpYOhkANa3JVuvlrG6x8aciUQmHEAxkHGkFnmddWfHIG0LljRFkrpGuK/w640-h458/Relo%CC%81gios.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">João Villares, great-nephew of Santos Dumont, holds a watch that belonged to his relative Alberto Santos=Dumont. An interesting curiosity is that João keeps on the dial 16:45, the time when the aviator took off on November 12, 1906, at Campo de Bagatelle, in Paris - picture Rubens Cavallari</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><b>Room 4 - Engineering</b></div><div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="PT-BR"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDqDhtjviGhTNyhfy0Tjw8uRfEvyRXX-K4iFArc-bgmXAxrq92QucA5zp2oaJdxWFxqGTu2wv_pktbLazxnmZGtpwwmA-rukTsYEAjtnLViDl8GN1FOygDBUh14BK6UC1b3DpGBgTU9eBHM_3zqdKwSd_EAxyavCyvoPLTs_RTt5EglLjfGSo0Ji_D1vJU/s3393/Sala%203%20Santos%20dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2331" data-original-width="3393" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDqDhtjviGhTNyhfy0Tjw8uRfEvyRXX-K4iFArc-bgmXAxrq92QucA5zp2oaJdxWFxqGTu2wv_pktbLazxnmZGtpwwmA-rukTsYEAjtnLViDl8GN1FOygDBUh14BK6UC1b3DpGBgTU9eBHM_3zqdKwSd_EAxyavCyvoPLTs_RTt5EglLjfGSo0Ji_D1vJU/w640-h440/Sala%203%20Santos%20dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Santos=Dumont's fourth room would be the equivalent of engineering. Place where he designs the technical part of his aircraft, maintains ropes, cables and fuel, spare parts, as well as builds and makes his models.</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Sources and Bibliographies</b></div><div><br /></div><div>- GRAHAL, Étude historique et documentaire, 2015.</div><div>- Pascal Payen-Appenzeller et Brice Payen, Champs-Élysées: Dictionnaire historique, architectural et culturel, Paris, Ledico éditions, 2013.</div><div><br /></div><div>The plenary session of the Old Paris Commission met on June 24, 2016 at the Hôtel de Ville under the chairmanship of Mr. Bernard Gaudillère, Councilor of Paris.</div><div>The resolutions taken by the Commission were published in BMO No. 58 of July 22, 2016.</div></div><br />Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-23509999908895408932022-05-10T13:39:00.009-07:002022-05-10T18:11:43.009-07:00Santos Dumont and his wearable aircrafts<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji8YpkFgXY-aTnqE2B6I4BvwdNRvgYvw-DU0Dh3nJrqD8Qam_rUYH7nE_enJ0LUxVuWlTyCl06_erHd1SGJ_0cuCYdMAq9cYUGdHutHzxeDoZZwvC1q2K8mTqWn6QpuWxAvnhs6xvP7ovFcNID_3wfye-GOzxEql-dBcQMx_OYGjZ2Tx4O3nvEFSq1/s2048/Santos%20Dumont%20and%20his%20wearable%20aircrafts%20capa.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji8YpkFgXY-aTnqE2B6I4BvwdNRvgYvw-DU0Dh3nJrqD8Qam_rUYH7nE_enJ0LUxVuWlTyCl06_erHd1SGJ_0cuCYdMAq9cYUGdHutHzxeDoZZwvC1q2K8mTqWn6QpuWxAvnhs6xvP7ovFcNID_3wfye-GOzxEql-dBcQMx_OYGjZ2Tx4O3nvEFSq1/w640-h640/Santos%20Dumont%20and%20his%20wearable%20aircrafts%20capa.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"> When observing birds, Santos=Dumont developed systems of controls that involve his entire body, in which, instinctively, he can, in coordinated and reflexive acts, dominate the dynamics of flight – in that sense, we may say that “Santos=Dumont created wearable aircrafts”, paraphrasing Professor Miguel Nicolelis' grandmother Lygia - his handlings were body centric, all controls were mere extensions of Santos=Dumont's body.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2022/05/santos-dumont-e-suas-aeronaves-de-vestir.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>In other articles on this blog I described how Santos=Dumont was not only the <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2012/03/tom-edison-airships-talk-with-santos.html">father of aviation but also the father of biomimetics and the Wiki philosophy, </a>in this article I tell how he may well have been the father of ergonomics, since it is the scientific study of the relationship between man and machine, aiming at safety and efficiency, as well as bionics, as it is the technique of applying knowledge of biology in the solution of engineering and design problems.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwoRIYM0bcay-WJ-hDlLEQCIs13LFtNdzmuyEGLlGB2idOwfkjbZN2bmkUAp29mNM0zNNvnf5zYTxFJOYdKHMtFxCD4VnODevV6Y7bVfeLxhldXFz7pi9Ibfvqe_dkV6Fh9-YkHopya-zGfv-vLrfAVUIoXkZILXhcf-N4Ha0nWrARRsdFH-XbLEjI/s2048/Santos%20Dumont%20and%20his%20wearable%20aircrafts%20copy.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwoRIYM0bcay-WJ-hDlLEQCIs13LFtNdzmuyEGLlGB2idOwfkjbZN2bmkUAp29mNM0zNNvnf5zYTxFJOYdKHMtFxCD4VnODevV6Y7bVfeLxhldXFz7pi9Ibfvqe_dkV6Fh9-YkHopya-zGfv-vLrfAVUIoXkZILXhcf-N4Ha0nWrARRsdFH-XbLEjI/w640-h640/Santos%20Dumont%20and%20his%20wearable%20aircrafts%20copy.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Santos=Dumont, sewed a wooden "T" device in his jacket from which thin rings connected to the control cables that acted on the "ailerons". Tilting his shoulder to the right, he could command the left aileron, and vice versa, reacting both surfaces, in a coordinated manner, according to the inclination of the aviator's body.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>As different bird species adapted over millions of years through evolution to specific environments, prey, predators and other needs, they developed specializations in their wings and tails in order to acquire different forms of flight.</div><div><br /></div><div>By observing the flight of birds, one of the most complex forms of locomotion in the animal kingdom, Santos=Dumont created intuitive ways to make the necessary movements, including taking off and landing, tasks that involve many complex movements.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Controls attached to the 14-Bis jacket</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont, still not knowing a good <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2011/11/flight-of-santosdumont-14-bis-airplane.html ">part of how to control a heavier-than-air aircraft, made his first flight with the 14-Bis on September 7</a>, around 5 pm: It reached a height of about 2 m and realized that it should place ailerons in the outer cells of the wing, to control the rotational movements.</div><div><br /></div><div>The only problem is that all his limbs were occupied with other controls, it was then that he decided to put a piece of wood sewn to the back of his jacket and started to control the screw movement by tilting his body to the left or to the right, as we see in Santos Dumont Book - Helio Paes de Barros – 1973 Ed. Federal University of Pernambuco.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmi5sROYHRsHF1LwXxkb_vtWjGWXAq-mpsvo0MIZf-lBoPuHU4B2kOvQL97HNIVFYbUfRfY-lowFtUPilT65T97p-i1pr0UgCjgM5e2uVMiCNdtCnJOYA4hPm0WGaUNWaMWLQRQEDSOAo1AvEAtry3VThjhuAXZyBfRvtZGJHzQR1N4GE85cfD54hl/s2048/Santos%20Dumont%20and%20his%20wearable%20aircrafts%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmi5sROYHRsHF1LwXxkb_vtWjGWXAq-mpsvo0MIZf-lBoPuHU4B2kOvQL97HNIVFYbUfRfY-lowFtUPilT65T97p-i1pr0UgCjgM5e2uVMiCNdtCnJOYA4hPm0WGaUNWaMWLQRQEDSOAo1AvEAtry3VThjhuAXZyBfRvtZGJHzQR1N4GE85cfD54hl/w640-h640/Santos%20Dumont%20and%20his%20wearable%20aircrafts%201.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>“...Therefore, SANTOS DUMONT had solved the problem of flight in a heavier-than-air device: the "14-Bis... As he had both hands occupied in the various controls of the plane, Santos=Dumont, sewed a wooden "T" device in his jacket from which thin rings connected to the control cables that acted on the "ailerons". Tilting his shoulder to the right, he could command the left aileron, and vice versa, reacting both surfaces, in a coordinated manner, according to the inclination of the aviator's body.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont had the objective of flying like Icarus, individually, and he evolved the wicker basket in order to fulfill this dream – he did it several times to perfection, mainly with the Balladeuse N.9.</div><div><br /></div><div>Nowadays it is not uncommon to see such adaptations as expensive American military helmets. One example is the helmet or head-mounted display (HMD) developed by Rockwell Collins Enhanced Vision Systems, a joint venture between Rockwell Collins and Elbit Systems, which costs $400,000, a price that is significantly higher than that of a Ferrari.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>* Article published on the G1 News Portal on November 04, 2006 - The man who dressed himself as an airplane, giving wings to the mind</b></div><div><br /></div><div>October has arrived and with it the chance to once again celebrate two of the most important achievements in the history of Brazilian science.</div><div><br /></div><div>In fact, I would say more.</div><div><br /></div><div>If we could choose a single month that represented the daring and creativity of Brazilian national science, it wouldn't be for anyone. October won by rout!</div><div><br /></div><div>All because this month we celebrate two of the most famous feats of Alberto Santos-Dumont, the greatest of all our scientists. The one that amazed the French people live, with the precision of his daily flights through the skies of Paris, and fascinated the whole world with the realization of humanity's collective dream of flying.</div><div><br /></div><div>On the afternoon of dubious weather and treacherous winds on October 19, 1901, Santos-Dumont took off from the Saint-Cloud countryside towards the most imposing symbol of French modernism at the time: the Eiffel Tower. After circling it with elegant and precise maneuvers, Santos-Dumont returned to the take-off point to the delirious applause of the crowd that took to the streets of Paris.</div><div><br /></div><div>The first great aeronaut demonstrated to anyone who wanted to see that the mixture of daring, tenacity and passion makes us fly.</div><div><br /></div><div>Literally.</div><div><br /></div><div>And that is precisely what Santos-Dumont did.</div><div><br /></div><div>He promised he would fly and he did.</div><div><br /></div><div>Like no one had ever done.</div><div><br /></div><div>In just over 30 minutes, there he was. Momentarily back on the ground, a hostile environment for this birdman, he listened to the crowd demanding that he be awarded the first grand prize in aviation: the Deutsch de La Meurthe Prize.</div><div><br /></div><div>But it was not easy to make history. It never is.</div><div><br /></div><div>Due to a controversy regarding the precise moment of the race's conclusion, Santos-Dumont and the Parisians had to wait until the beginning of November to celebrate the official decision of the Air Club of France.</div><div><br /></div><div>And how Paris celebrated! As promised, Santos-Dumont divided the 100,000 francs (plus interest) earned from the prize, half among his mechanics and the rest among 3,950 poor people in Paris.</div><div>Five years later, on October 23, 1906, Santos-Dumont once again amazed Parisians by flying 60 meters aboard his legendary 14bis plane.</div><div><br /></div><div>When I was a boy, and the 23rd of October arrived, the greatest neuroscientist I've ever met, my dear grandmother Lygia, always said to me:</div><div><br /></div><div>“Today we celebrate the day when man dressed up as an airplane.”</div><div><br /></div><div>Lygia said this because she knew that, since his first airships, Santos-Dumont had created a complex and efficient system of ropes, pulleys and levers that allowed him to feel and control, as no one had done before, all the main components of each one. of your aircraft. There were so many control instruments that many who inspected these aircraft thought it was impossible for a single man to handle them.</div><div><br /></div><div>One hundred Octobers later, neuroscience may be able to explain this phenomenon.</div><div><br /></div><div>Today we know that through a process called neural plasticity (or neuronal, for good measure), multiple areas of the brain that contain complete representations of our body continually change these representations (or maps) throughout our lives. Such alterations occur due to changes that can be commonplace (changes in weight) or more dramatic and rare (amputation of a limb) in the spatial configuration of the body. Most of the time, however, these brain maps change due to constant practice of specialized motor tasks, or as a result of changing habits of tactile exploration of the environment. For example, throughout their lives, pianists and violinists develop brain representations of their fingers that are much larger and more elaborate than most of the population.</div><div><br /></div><div>Recent results suggest that these brain representations of the body also undergo changes correlated with the type of tool used on a daily basis. For example, due to constant practice, professional tennis players are likely to incorporate their rackets as simple extensions of the brain representations of their arms and hands.</div><div><br /></div><div>In other words, creation becomes part of the creator.</div><div><br /></div><div>According to this theory, the more efficient the incorporation of the tool by the brain, the better the dexterity and precision with which the operator would use it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, it is plausible to postulate that, throughout his aviator career, with the practice of constant flights, Santos-Dumont's brain probably developed the ability to incorporate all the components of his aircraft; stabilizers, wings, tires, as if they were nothing more than part of your own body.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1heKSw0fJjltfFJEt7nd1fKv19df6_jhwNB2tLFVcOGdPxMRXdbIV6LrWT4IRoz7T9OlDHg_VvX3GkrMrkhHzHF9wRq_N700is6DyL38O4P5ZLT4j9QNUxAUdy-TCCZyXfqaTJzLc_xtAxibE3UEvtmRHUdEB7z0dOoMQgpXyA8BTEa9O3GBYCwLV/s640/Nicolelis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1heKSw0fJjltfFJEt7nd1fKv19df6_jhwNB2tLFVcOGdPxMRXdbIV6LrWT4IRoz7T9OlDHg_VvX3GkrMrkhHzHF9wRq_N700is6DyL38O4P5ZLT4j9QNUxAUdy-TCCZyXfqaTJzLc_xtAxibE3UEvtmRHUdEB7z0dOoMQgpXyA8BTEa9O3GBYCwLV/w640-h640/Nicolelis.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">From left to right Professor Ricardo Magalhaães, the great-grandnephew of S=D, Professor Miguel Nicolelis. creator of the exoskeleton that allows Juliano Pinto (sitting) to walk after spinal cord injury and Luiz Pagano, writer of this blog. Both professor Nicolelis and patient Juliano sign the handkerchief that belonged to Santos=Dumont - this handkerchief, whichsymbolizes the milestones of Brazilian technological achievements, it already has the signature of Marcos Pontes, the 1st Brazilian astronaut who took it into space aboard the ISS, along with an S=D hat, and the illustration of the 'ALADO HEART OF SANTOS=DUMONT' ' by Romero Brito, an artist who well represents Brazil abroad.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div><div>In this way, through brain plasticity, when climbing on his pegasi made of Japanese silk and piano strings, the slender fellow countryman suddenly became a pioneering giant.</div><div>Humanity aeronaut.</div><div><br /></div><div>Brazilian scientist.</div><div><br /></div><div>Airplane body.</div><div><br /></div><div>Brain with wings.</div><div><br /></div><div>Dona Lygia, who would have thought, was once again right.</div><div><br /></div><div>Unmissable readings for this more than historic October:</div><div><br /></div><div>"O que eu vi, o que nós veremos." Alberto Santos-Dumont (French. Ce que j’ai vu, ce que nous verrons) Published by Hedra, São Paulo, 2002.</div><div>"Santos-Dumont and the invention of flight". Henrique Lins de Barros. Jorge Zahar Editor, Rio de Janeiro, 2003.</div><div>"Wings of Madness". Paul Hoffman. Editora Objetiva, Rio de Janeiro, 2004.</div><div> </div><div>Miguel Nicolelis, for the G1.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div><div><br /></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-3763132504896185362022-01-17T13:13:00.003-08:002022-01-18T08:01:21.462-08:00Santos Dumont according to Nature invented the plane, not the Wright's brothers – Final Part & Conclusion<div style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg5WY5EG48oDBFODcqUyVk4B03IZmDRAstenZGhDKftF1HElinE1b1-Ul-qsYfM8jaKk29Tft9NaD2k3ABe9jfXPxOSKtVFzLyrciIjYHXuNFAa-n6xRRqkkfrCBmif2QaiulMiyHaWxL9sOtIyRa21Q558v7U1cpeFY0_cT2tmENw_W2WzoiLFpPAh=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg5WY5EG48oDBFODcqUyVk4B03IZmDRAstenZGhDKftF1HElinE1b1-Ul-qsYfM8jaKk29Tft9NaD2k3ABe9jfXPxOSKtVFzLyrciIjYHXuNFAa-n6xRRqkkfrCBmif2QaiulMiyHaWxL9sOtIyRa21Q558v7U1cpeFY0_cT2tmENw_W2WzoiLFpPAh=w640-h640" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>After the <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-or-wright-brothers-who.html">previous article</a>, in which we see that Santos=Dumont made his flights accompanied by the scientific community, tested and questioned to exhaustion, while the Wrights, supposedly flew away from the public eye. As we saw in the <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-or-wright-brothers-who_13.html">other article</a> that several pioneers relied on weak testimonies in beautiful stories, which seem more like legend than science, such as of the Shivkar Bapuji Talpade and Wright’s, who seem to have been chosen the first to fly as a mere matter of 'American national agenda', we will see in this last and conclusive article the definitive 'birth certificate of the flight', reported by none other than the journal Nature - since always, the most respected magazine in the scientific world.</div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2022/01/santos-dumont-ou-os-irmaos-wright-quem.html">leia esta matéria em Português</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>Read and follow what happened in 1906, when Santos=Dumont was in the spotlight of the human-flight vanguard, in its most diverse forms, while no one had ever heard of the Wright Brothers.</div><div><br /></div><div>The First “Manned” Flying Machine - Issue Date</div><div>08 November 1906</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhho9Vs9XfDIvHSPUH5hgY5BIVnsU7Urled1_bWqy0Q1JcZ8N2870H1nR6RA1xRrbswgKgq4H5cvzK1VAopDn57vwS234h7JkxAarLvvI8iyPL8g4FsIwdlLnapibg5ODHadi04zMQYVRm7nV52yLO7JF2rJoMK52R1NT4s02KT52DsPLUPByRRwaWo=s1280" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="960" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhho9Vs9XfDIvHSPUH5hgY5BIVnsU7Urled1_bWqy0Q1JcZ8N2870H1nR6RA1xRrbswgKgq4H5cvzK1VAopDn57vwS234h7JkxAarLvvI8iyPL8g4FsIwdlLnapibg5ODHadi04zMQYVRm7nV52yLO7JF2rJoMK52R1NT4s02KT52DsPLUPByRRwaWo=w480-h640" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div>THE FIRST “MANNED" FLYING MACHINE. </div><div><br /></div><div>OCTOBER 23 of the present year will be remembered as a red-letter day in the history of flying machines, for it was on that day that the first flying machine, constructed on the “heavier than air” principle, successfully raised itself and its driver from the ground several feet, and transported itself by means of its own power over a distance of eighty yards.</div><div><br /></div><div>In this his first successful flight with this machine, M. Santos Dumont is to be sincerely congratulated, for he has accomplished a performance which many workers in different parts of the world have been striving after for many years past and failed. M. Santos Dumont's machine is built on the aëroplane principle, and mounted on two wheels. It is fitted with an eight-cylinder, 60 h.p. motor weighing about 170 lb., and drives an aluminium fan, which makes 1000 to 1500 revolutions a minute. The motor is the work of the Adams Manufacturing Company, England. With its driver the machine weighs about 750 lb. </div><div><br /></div><div>The aëroplane is shaped like a large T placed horizontally. The short arms of the T are slightly inclined upwards, and are each composed of three compartments, like three box-kites tied together side by side. At the base of the T is a large compartment, also like a box-kite, and by manipulating about a horizontal axis the upper and lower surfaces act as a powerful rudder. This rudder arrangement is at the front end of the aëroplane, and the operator stands on a platform midway between, and nearly on a level with, the lower surfaces of the two main inclined arms. The driven fan is situated at the rear of the machine, just behind the operator, at the junction of the two main inclined arms. </div><div><br /></div><div>Now that success has rewarded this daring investigator, it is of interest to take a cursory glance at the steps which ultimately led the way to success. </div><div><br /></div><div>One naturally, in the first instance, calls to mind the very interesting experiments carried out in 1893 by Herr Otto Lilienthal near Berlin (NATURE, vol. xlix., p. 157), because Santos Dumont's aëroplane is, generally speaking, somewhat after the style of the gliding machines used by him. Lilienthal's experiments were confined to trying to learn soaring, and he employed slightly curved wings having a surface of about 15 square metres. With this inclined planes, and eventually vertical and horizontal rudders, he started from the top of a hill, and after a few steps forward jumped into the air and glided sometimes 250 metres. Lilienthal depended for the success of his apparatus on himself, trusting to his instinct to be able to keep his balance by making the necessary compensating adjustments by moving his own centre of gravity. In later experiments he employed some mechanical aid to assist him in sustaining himself longer in the air. This consisted of a small machine driven by compressed carbonic acid gas, and operating a series of feather-like sails which were capable of flapping. He found that occasional flapping of these wings helped him to cover longer distances. </div><div><br /></div><div>In 1895 he adopted a new principle, and instead of using one large framework, employed two smaller ones, placed parallel one above the other; this method he found distinctly advantageous (NATURE, Vol. lii., p. 300). </div><div><br /></div><div>About this time Lilienthal's soaring experiments began to be taken up both in this country and in America. Mr. Percy 'S. Pilecher in England gained considerable experience both in the making and in the handling of these aëroplanes (NATURE, vol. Ivi., p. 344). Unfortunately, as in the case of Herr Lilienthal, an accident during his experiments re sulted in his death. Pilcher, however, was quite aware of the importance of using some motive power, and some time before his death proposed to employ, and actually began to make, a small and light engine, indicating about 4 h.p., to drive a fan, this being considered by him as more than sufficient for flights of moderate length. With this advance it was hoped that much greater distances could be covered, and a nearer approximation to a flying machine attained. </div><div><br /></div><div>There is little doubt that if Pilcher had been spared he would soon have constructed and made use of the latest and lightest form of motor, and probably been led to use the double-decked form of aeroplane adopted by Santos Dumont. </div><div><br /></div><div>By embodying the best ideas of his predecessors and using his own ingenuity to make the aëroplane a practical flying machine, Santos Dumont has advanced the science of aëronautics a very considerable step. The petrol motor has no doubt helped greatly in facilitating this progress, since high-powered engines of comparatively very light weight can be constructed.</div><div><br /></div><div>In this pioneer work of navigating the air the work of Hiram Maxim and S. P. Langley must not be forgotten. Maxim made numerous attempts to drive his flying machine at such a speed that it would be lifted off the rails on which it ran, but on fully accomplished. Further, it was not known whether it would capsize or not if it was set free. Langley, on the other hand, was undoubtedly the first to demonstrate that a machine heavier than air could be made to travel in the air driven by its own all "unmanned," but nevertheless much valuable in- formation was accumulated. </div><div><br /></div><div>This the last achievement of Santos Dumont will no doubt give a fresh impetus to the problem of flight, and those who have the money and time have now before them a successful aëroplane that can serve as a starting point. </div><div><br /></div></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-45458515080769882372021-11-13T10:10:00.021-08:002021-11-17T06:01:55.864-08:00Santos Dumont or the Wright Brothers, Who Really Invented the Airplane Part 2<div style="text-align: left;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2WgzoCw2baAw85d8Slk1Hz9e9uiVhOqINIQBlMVXpHUudbVv4-N9ScmeQJdKYB4dNzi7Gjr351EGKJH4UPu29_CnEWRUEUeCwzmeTVZ6fCbWfiVhZYQBr7OkHkpH_udM4zok6uXLDqmE/s2048/Santos+Dumont+or+the+Wright+brothers+The+issue+of+primacy+parte+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2WgzoCw2baAw85d8Slk1Hz9e9uiVhOqINIQBlMVXpHUudbVv4-N9ScmeQJdKYB4dNzi7Gjr351EGKJH4UPu29_CnEWRUEUeCwzmeTVZ6fCbWfiVhZYQBr7OkHkpH_udM4zok6uXLDqmE/w640-h640/Santos+Dumont+or+the+Wright+brothers+The+issue+of+primacy+parte+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div>The subject of the 'primacy of flight' gained new momentum in Brazil after the controversial statement made by the respected aircraft scholar, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29GhiJdAtUg">Lito, from Aviões e Músicas at his Channel on Youtube</a>, who believes in the version that the Wright Brothers were the first to fly, while one of pioneers in civil space flight and Virgin Galactic's credentialed space agent, Marcos Palhares vehemently disagrees. <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-or-wright-brothers-who.html">If you did no read the first part of this article, please click here.</a></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-ou-os-irmaos-wright-quem_13.html">leia essa matéria em Portugês</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>After an exhaustive documentary research, which included reading several newspapers of the time, written in several languages, including all editions of L'Aérophile, a French magazine specialized in the subject of the time, from 1902 to 1910, as well as a CD-ROM with all the clipping from the Wright brothers, painstaking work never before done on the subject. Palhares definitively exposes the facts, and shows us in a documentary way that Santos=Dumont was, without a shadow of a doubt, the inventor of heavier-than-air <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtwkNha7Ks4&t=418s">(watch the LIVE in Portuguese).</a></div><div><br /></div><div>The Wright brothers' first effectively public flight took place only on August 8, 1908, in which they were duly accompanied by a scientific committee, documented by photos and filmed in the presence of the general public. Prior to that, all other alleged flights had no proper documentation, were merely based on out-of-context allegations and photos, not different from flights performed by pioneers prior to Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><div>Here I make an overview of the argument that Marcos Palhares, defending pimazia by Santos=Dumont, presented in a live made on November 12th, in celebration of the 115th anniversary of the first flight of 14-Bis, beside me, Luiz Pagano writer of this blog and of Henrique Lins de Barros, greatest specialist and biographer of Santos=Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><div>It all started when Palhares visited The National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC, he was looking for something about Santos=Dumont, and was enormously frustrated to find only a small model and with sayings that disparaged the Santos=Dumont flight compared to the Wright brothers . The institution had a strong connection with Santos=Dumont in the past, in part due to the friendship of Dumont and Samuel Pierpont Langley, another great pioneer of American aviation and third secretary of the Smithsonian, occupying the position from 1887 to 1906.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3wGcIS0yBW89NNvHc3JgE75EsupDtN_JGItq9VsHqExfwgeTkMQZcfaqui8jpZNDsm0BA_HaSDJLuKyNi4RcQysV757wBUo8qVIsjR1YQbyQ1t12oWkSIur4MDi-xgzIsoA8jmHq4Bn6e/s1279/live+Marcos+palhares+Luiz+Pagano+e+Henrique+lins+de+barros.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="779" data-original-width="1279" height="390" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3wGcIS0yBW89NNvHc3JgE75EsupDtN_JGItq9VsHqExfwgeTkMQZcfaqui8jpZNDsm0BA_HaSDJLuKyNi4RcQysV757wBUo8qVIsjR1YQbyQ1t12oWkSIur4MDi-xgzIsoA8jmHq4Bn6e/w640-h390/live+Marcos+palhares+Luiz+Pagano+e+Henrique+lins+de+barros.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Live commemorating 115 years of the 14-Bis flight - Luiz Pagano, Marcos Palhares and Henrique Lins de Barros</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br />We know that airship #9 belongs to the museum, among other marvels made by the aviator – why then are they not exposed?</div><div><br /></div><div>The truth is that there was in the United States the so-called 'Patent War', started by the Wright brothers, in which the magistrate ends up benefiting the secret and implausible Wright flights, reducing the importance of other really important American pioneers, like Langley himself, and the incredible Glenn Curtiss, completely ignoring events in France and the rest of the world.</div><div><br /></div><div>These were flights defended by judges of law and not by scientists.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Who Was Glenn Curtis</b></div><div><br /></div><div>To understand why it's important to 'some' Americans that the Santos=Dumont story be obliterated, it's important to know who Glenn Curtis was.</div><div><br /></div><div>Glenn Hammond Curtiss (May 21, 1878 – July 23, 1930) was perhaps the most important pioneer of American aviation and founder of the US aircraft industry. He began his career as a rider and bicycle builder before moving into motorcycle racing, in 1904 he began manufacturing airship engines and in 1908 Curtiss joined the Aerial Experiment Association, a pioneering research group founded by Alexander Graham Bell in Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, to build aircraft.</div><div><br /></div><div>Curtiss worked in daylight, created the Curtiss Airplane and Motor Company. His company built aircraft for the US Army and Navy, and during the years leading up to World War I, his seaplane experiments led to advances in naval aviation.</div><div><br /></div><div>The Wright brothers, for their part, who claimed to have made the self-propelled flight on December 17, 1903, never had an engine (which makes such a flight an absolute impossibility). A patent applied for by the brothers called U.S. Patent 821,393, granted on May 22, 1906, shows a glider, not different from the one the Ukita Kōkichi used to jump off the Ashigawa River Bridge 118 years earlier <a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-ou-os-irmaos-wright-quem.html">(see the first part of this article).</a></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Inexplicable gaps</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Since the alleged 1903 flight, as well as the Wrights' own plane called the 'Flyer', everything was hidden from the public and the attempted flights only appear in the form of newspaper notes, never with photos, while their fellow countrymen Curtiss and Langley tried their flights in a scientific way, sharing and publishing their results in extensive reports with diagrams and photos, in magazines respected by the medium such as Scientific American and Nature.</div><div><br /></div><div>That's when the 1904 Universal Exposition, also called the St. Louis World's Fair, was born, a world fair that took place from April 30th to December 1st, 1904, in conjunction with the Olympic Games, an ideal moment for the Wrights to show his invention since the organizing committee would even give prizes to whoever flew at the event – but they didn't go to the Fair.</div><div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjyhwv8yljlCRAtWQlfegdvPv6HWohn3JcqkpNC_ooV779w3jnPNUh0IKrZHxNVA7jCa6LcD3bYCCVHU9KIoSevE304PgsooZOLa2qnemDqkF3_8gFrsPsK-MUtQ9icDpZOr6_iuJoVFko/s2048/Glenn+Curtiss.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjyhwv8yljlCRAtWQlfegdvPv6HWohn3JcqkpNC_ooV779w3jnPNUh0IKrZHxNVA7jCa6LcD3bYCCVHU9KIoSevE304PgsooZOLa2qnemDqkF3_8gFrsPsK-MUtQ9icDpZOr6_iuJoVFko/w640-h640/Glenn+Curtiss.jpg" width="640" /></a></div></div><div><br /></div><div>Hamburgers, soft drinks and Hot Dogs were popularized at this fair, which had enormous cultural importance for American history, which was attended by Langley, Thomas Baldwin and William Avery.</div><div><br /></div><div>Santos=Dumont went but had his airship #7 cut by a knife, possibly in an act of sabotage, on June 26, 1904, and the long-awaited presentation he would make, enormously anticipated by the American public, who by now loved Dumont , cannot see his flight (see https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2012/02/como-santosdumont-fara-seu-voo-sobre.html )</div><div><br /></div><div>What then explains the fact that the Wright brothers didn't show their plane at the event? Wouldn't a flying demo help them sell their airplane? Could it be that they weren't interested in the prize?</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1905 the brothers claim to have flown for 38 minutes, and no one knew which engine they would have done it with, but in the 1908 public demonstration, in which the plane was catapulted into the air, they could not stay in the air for more than 2 minutes per launch, losing altitude with each flight until landing.</div><div><br /></div><div>At the same time, in addition to the first documented flight in history on November 12, 1906 made by the 14-<i>Bis</i>, Farman won the third Archdeacon award using an Antoinette engine, for performing the first circular flight, Louis Bleriot and Joseph Lagrange who also used a Antoinettes also flew and remained in the air longer than the Wrights.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>So why then did public opinion decide to accept the Wright brothers as the first to fly at the expense of all the others who were far more successful and scientific?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The answer to that question is simple! The Wrights filed patent applications, paid lawyers to redeem their rights against anyone who claimed to diminish or equal their deeds, it was said at the time that no one could wave their arms, imitating the flapping of their wings, as they ran the risk of being sued by the Wright.</div><div><br /></div><div>Even so, the Smithsonian maintained as an aviation pioneer, believe it or not, Samuel Langley, who even without having had absolute success with his 1903 flight, received the title of 'Father of American Aviation', and then in 1914, Gleen Curtis successfully reproduced the Aerodome flight with modifications made in order to fly. This title lasted until the year 1948 – until that point in american history, the Wrights brothers did not have the scientific recognition of the Smithsonian Institute.</div><div><br /></div><div>Another important point to note here is that, while the Wrights defended their meager feats with animalistic aggression, Domont, as always, elegantly wrote in his book O Que Eu Vi O Que Nós Veremos, Santos=Duomnt 1918:</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGWfUohL0WJVOjZ11z5rKo2hSjcSIYsFS2xdOtjPcaKbPOl_dBn1RQJkEi251Mtrameh0ynXAWnWhl5k67dTW9euKKbcH0TpG3inZiAXkgnN5zsYpTiQce_CH6iEf-uyi9UbwL6x6QCXM/s2048/Louis+Ble%25CC%2581riot.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGWfUohL0WJVOjZ11z5rKo2hSjcSIYsFS2xdOtjPcaKbPOl_dBn1RQJkEi251Mtrameh0ynXAWnWhl5k67dTW9euKKbcH0TpG3inZiAXkgnN5zsYpTiQce_CH6iEf-uyi9UbwL6x6QCXM/w640-h640/Louis+Ble%25CC%2581riot.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>“The following year the Farman airplane made flights that became famous; it was this inventor-aviator who first got a round-trip flight. After him came Bleriot, and only two years later did the Wright brothers make their flights. It is true that they claim to have made others, but in secret.</div><div><br /></div><div>I don't want to disparage the achievements of the Wright brothers, for whom I have the greatest admiration; but it is undeniable that, only after us, they presented themselves with a device superior to ours, saying that it was a copy of one they had built before ours. Right after the Wright brothers, Levavassor appears with the airplane "Antoinette", superior to anything that existed then; Levavassor had been working on solving the flight problem for 20 years; he could therefore say that his apparatus was a copy of one built many years before. But he didn't.</div><div><br /></div><div>What would Edison, Graham Bell or Marconi say if, after they presented the electric lamp, the telephone and the cordless telegraph in public, another inventor presented himself with a better electric lamp, telephone or wireless telephone apparatus saying that he had them built before them?!</div><div>To whom does humanity owe air navigation for the heavier than air?</div><div><br /></div><div>To the Wright brothers' experiments, made on the sly (they are the ones to say that they did everything possible so that none of the results of their experiments transpired) and which were so ignored in the world, that we see everyone qualifying mine as "memorable minute in the history of aviation," or is it the Farmans, Bleriot and me that we did all our demonstrations in front of scientific committees and in full sunlight?"</div><div><br /></div><div><b>General considerations</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Anyone who sees Palhares' exposition of facts gets immediately convinced that Dumont was without a doubt the inventor of heavier-than-air.</div><div><br /></div><div>Why then do we let the world believe it was the Wrights?</div><div><br /></div><div>The answer to this question may generate revolt in some of us Brazilians, as it is closely linked with the self-inflicted "stray mutt complex" that some Brazilians voluntarily submit themselves to when compared to the rest of the world, with self-sabotage and limitless destructiveness power, which greatly delays our development and seems to cause a kind of collective schizophrenia, as well as a setback karma, very difficult to be redeemed in several generations.</div><div><br /></div><div>It's very important for us, Brazilians, to take this scolding and start to change, because right now there are Brazilians, as or even more remarkable than Santos=Dumont, working on ingenious discoveries, aimed at the good of humanity, which deserves our full support (eg Professor Nicolelis, Ester Caldeira Sabino, Jaqueline Goes, etc.).</div><div><br /></div><div>At this very moment, I'm doing a research and developing a production process for 'Cauim', with the objective of bringing this ancestral alcoholic beverage from South America to be consumed by the general public through modern production processes, (traditional indigenous beverage made out of fermented manioca, Brazilian kind of casava), with socio-cultural purposes of great value to Brazil. </div><div><br /></div><div>Over the last 10 years, I have encountered all kinds of barriers to advancing the project, mainly on the part of inspection departments, without the slightest incentive to technological development, having to pay for research, experiments and travel out of my pocket, having to deal with the enormous bureaucracy, which has already delayed the launch by more than 5 years, with no prospect of a date for the creation of a new category by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), It is a drink widely known by Brazilians, perhaps even more popular than chachaça, certainly more Brazilian than cachaça, which predates the arrival of settlers in the Americas.</div><div><br /></div><div>Why is this beverage still not available to the general public?</div><div><br /></div><div>Cauim has the potential, for ethnic groups that decide to join the project, of promoting their culture in a sustainable way, maintaining and even expanding the areas of standing forest, generating a return of socio-economic resources in a way that is unprecedented in our history.</div><div><br /></div><div><div>Another experience I had with our people's disregard for our own legacy and culture, as well as the issue of museum management and our cultural heritage, happened when I was 15~16 years old, when I worked with Mrs. Ada Rogato, brazilian pioneer of aviation that in 1951, made the famous flight across the three Americas, with a Cessna 140.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi87e3L26RAKftKi7wcR0-vOf5EqYIcW71EjDB6GZV5laUDUILRDEiZV8toxkLg8yUbqqrpzayw0Aezt_R_KpkySsDeoUPYi7igcfnQ0qErFo_gw-6NkePh-P-YTrxIWWljMuO1KiFPbbs/s2048/Ada+Rogato+e+Luiz+Pagano.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi87e3L26RAKftKi7wcR0-vOf5EqYIcW71EjDB6GZV5laUDUILRDEiZV8toxkLg8yUbqqrpzayw0Aezt_R_KpkySsDeoUPYi7igcfnQ0qErFo_gw-6NkePh-P-YTrxIWWljMuO1KiFPbbs/w640-h640/Ada+Rogato+e+Luiz+Pagano.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Luiz Pagano and the Cesna 140 that belonged to Dona Ada Rogato - - "How can this plane survive its owner?! - When I was 16, I met one of the most special women in my life (I apologize to my wife Jane for that), it was Dona Ada Rogato. In 1983, I wanted to work, do something interesting - I started as a volunteer cleaning planes at the old aeronautics museum, in Oca do Ibirapuera, in São Paulo ,Brazil. The two other guys who cleaned planes with me, 'Colina' and 'Odilon', gave the following suggestion: -Go and ask that little lady, a bucket and solvent, to erase the scribbles of this Cessna." I never thought that anyone could curse me more than she... It was the plane that Dona Ada used to circumnavigate the Americas, every place she stopped, the locals signed and posted affectionate messages. Before leaving the museum, we stayed with her to hear one of her various adventures, in which she often had to put her life at risk because of that plane and its signatures."</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>I volunteered to clean the museum and the aircrafts, and the only payment I got was listening to the amazing stories Mrs. Ada use to tell us, every day at the end of the working hours. She literally carried the museum on her back. After her death, the museum left Oca do Ibirapuera and the collection was spread out in a very irregular way, without us knowing where and how they are kept.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>While people from other nations fight for their scientists to shine in the academic world and gather together to inscribe them for the Nobel Prize, we here give little importance to this and keep our hands in our pockets asking “when will a Brazilian receive a Nobel Prize? ”</div><div><br /></div><div>While in the United States there are landmarks and memorials of the Wrights' achievements in Dayton, Washington and practically all other states, here in Brazil the museum of the oca was closed and its collection was inadvertently spread throughout Brazil. We allowed the Cabangu Museum to be closed due to lack of funds and for the National Museum in Quinta da Boa Vista to go up in flames on the last 2nd of September 2018.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4w7mx3JZpN5hFwg84iqU9IDX87W3dlez_2yyEnxV2uVsXh353FJCmvzb0pSweAzv1NDw2-4cNs7UUx6r93IFoaHe_uKL5ZPdDECA72gC-LlCzlG9gIDR-BwWt4MX8celi3s2rGAvsHss/s2048/Henry+Farman.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4w7mx3JZpN5hFwg84iqU9IDX87W3dlez_2yyEnxV2uVsXh353FJCmvzb0pSweAzv1NDw2-4cNs7UUx6r93IFoaHe_uKL5ZPdDECA72gC-LlCzlG9gIDR-BwWt4MX8celi3s2rGAvsHss/w640-h640/Henry+Farman.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>While Tom Crouch, curator of the Sithsonian since 1974, has written two books about the brothers and defends the Wrights' achievements tooth and nail, here we have a leadership of museums that barely know the story of Santos=Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><div>I was flattered by the invitation, together with Henrique Lins de Barros and Marcos Palhares, rescuing the importance of this Brazilian hero to inspire new generations, on the day commemorating the 115 years of the first flight of Santos=Dumont, it was a beautiful moment in my life. </div><div><br /></div><div>This post is a mere summary, reporting my impressions of the LIVE - I strongly suggest that you watch it in full so that you can draw your own conclusions.</div><div><br /></div></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-36320160240137066712021-11-10T06:51:00.038-08:002023-07-20T11:04:44.269-07:00Santos=Dumont or the Wright Brothers, Who Really Invented the Airplane - Part 1<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig5D2QUON2eiheSUBR4dwsFDyY4K-6cFY1OHi6ufrLi99Gz47hyphenhyphenNyXwnXVYyVROhSAZUsVljff0yPJX9I8DF12gZzOo9teWrePAj-S6EW7wHPSVgYpFVeOhaQL2Ct-BKfiQIEDYHUkShk/s2048/Santos+Dumont+or+the+Wright+brothers+The+issue+of+primacy.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig5D2QUON2eiheSUBR4dwsFDyY4K-6cFY1OHi6ufrLi99Gz47hyphenhyphenNyXwnXVYyVROhSAZUsVljff0yPJX9I8DF12gZzOo9teWrePAj-S6EW7wHPSVgYpFVeOhaQL2Ct-BKfiQIEDYHUkShk/w640-h640/Santos+Dumont+or+the+Wright+brothers+The+issue+of+primacy.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"> The issue regarding the 'primacy of flight' - who in fact invented air navigability, and brought us all the benefits of the magnificent invention of devices that allow human flight, is a subject that is debated a lot in Brazil today, but it seems to be a question closed in the United States - it is even considered a taboo.</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-ou-os-irmaos-wright-quem.html">leia este artigo em Protuguês</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>I avoid this issue whenever I can, especially when there are American friends in the conversation, but this week I was put up against the wall and had to say my opinion about it. I was with João Villares, great-nephew of Santos=Dumont, whose physical resemblance to the inventor always moves me (see photo), some Brazilian air force officers, friends and a group of reporters at the São Paulo Air Force base, who tirelessly searched for answers.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtwkNha7Ks4">After that, in a meeting with friends 'Dumontologists', Marcos Palhares, Astronaut of Virgin Galactic and Henrique Lins de Barros, greatest and most respected scholar, specialist in Santos=Dumont, (you can watch this LIVE here)</a>, I decided to make this post, reluctantly, as I much prefer to show on my blog the 'wonderful life of Santos=Dumont', as the title says, than to keep bringing up issues that allow for the already fierce dispute and divisions that have polluted the pages of social networks lately.</div><div><br /></div><div>“So, OK” I said, “let's go back to October 23, 1906, at the Campo de Bagateli in Paris...”</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhElyjNe4FYk3b4hUh18MIpBaM9_dWaBbkts0UPEdmNbKy55VT9d8yBS4FilWxw0FTU4b1mO00PBfc362kt9Mm1jx8VsuT4SVHHFutKF523FBOm_RIfDgWqR6l6pieulMVr-hxVDeZR93g/s2048/Luiz+Pagano+ao+lado+de+Joa%25CC%2583o+Villares+Santos+Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhElyjNe4FYk3b4hUh18MIpBaM9_dWaBbkts0UPEdmNbKy55VT9d8yBS4FilWxw0FTU4b1mO00PBfc362kt9Mm1jx8VsuT4SVHHFutKF523FBOm_RIfDgWqR6l6pieulMVr-hxVDeZR93g/w640-h640/Luiz+Pagano+ao+lado+de+Joa%25CC%2583o+Villares+Santos+Dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Luiz Pagano and João Villares, great-grand-nephew of Santos=Dumont at the São Paulo Air Force base, in the background Tupi Pop paintings by Luiz Pagano, part of the Aeronautics collection, in the Authorities Room at Guarulhos airport</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>On that day Santos=Dumont has just been recognized as the Archdeacon award holder for having flown 60 meters with an aircraft conceived, designed and piloted by himself. The rules called for the aerial device to take off by its own means, without any kind of outside assistance, have pertinent flight controls, and land without accidents of any kind. S=D did this in front of the judging committee, in the presence of members of the scientific community at the time, photographer reporters and even a cameraman, not to mention the thousands of people present in the park - everyone was celebrating because humanity had just seen the first flight of heavier-than-air....</div><div><br /></div><div>At that moment, a surly fellow approaches, determined to end up with the party’s atmosphere and shouts to the people "wait, wait ... , someone have already flown in America", some three or four people who hear him in the crowd looked at him shocked, and one of them exclaims "what are you saying?", the spoilsport then promptly goes on:</div><div><br /></div><div>Spoilsport - This was not the first flight.</div><div>Perplexed Interlocutor – What are you saying?</div><div>Spoilsport – Two brothers in America already flew, almost three years ago, on a beach in North Carolina.</div><div>Perplexed interlocutor - was it registered by the scientific community, did it have witnesses?</div><div>Spoilsport – Yes, some civil servants, three passersby, a dog and even the president of the city bank.</div><div>Perplexed interlocutor – did the plane take off by its own means?</div><div>Spoilsport - No, the takeoff was carried out through a rail that pulled the plane, without the use of wheels, and threw it into the air.</div><div>Perplexed Interlocutor – Is this reported anywhere?</div><div>Spoilsport – Yes, in their personal diary.</div><div>Perplexed Interlocutor – Do they have a patent, or something that proves the flight?</div><div>Spoilsport - The Wright Brothers filed for patent even before their first trial flight. The application, which included diagrams of the invention, was sent on March 23, 1903.</div><div><br /></div><div>-----</div><div><br /></div><div>This was a hypothetical dialogue, but based on the facts of the time.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>In my defense</b></div><div><br /></div><div>I must say that I really admire the Wright brothers, I consider their work ingenious, as much as that several other aviation pioneers, I love American culture and I envy the way they treat their heroes in America, I even put a replica of Flyer that I nicely illustrated in a comic story that I wrote for a Brazilian magazine called Superinteressante, Issued in February 2002 (see photo).</div><div><br /></div><div>I had the enormous privilege of working for two American companies, firstly as desk dealer the former Chemical Bank, company that I worked for almost three years and a stove manufacturer from Los Alamitos CA called Dynmac Cookins Systems, I have always been very well received in the United States and most of all, I love american people, I would like it very much of having in my country, Brazil, a system that privileges scientists, museums, professors and scientific discoveries as much as the USA does.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnQvy16yJ1OM3uMusBw5xvwR1OZ_ohh5ckspgi7tWcHZ_UuBYBKSgJH1kAvK1inqswYC53jG70JKg74Cb2D5aVglIvr-x1j3_mIC5vnkBVZ7MdgG7VimfablUrlOH4I-shvoNkFgpD8f8/s559/Screen+Shot+2021-11-10+at+10.17.38+AM.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="559" data-original-width="545" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnQvy16yJ1OM3uMusBw5xvwR1OZ_ohh5ckspgi7tWcHZ_UuBYBKSgJH1kAvK1inqswYC53jG70JKg74Cb2D5aVglIvr-x1j3_mIC5vnkBVZ7MdgG7VimfablUrlOH4I-shvoNkFgpD8f8/w312-h320/Screen+Shot+2021-11-10+at+10.17.38+AM.png" width="312" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Illustration by Luiz Pagano for his comic book, with a replica of the Wright Brothers Flyer in the background "I greatly admire and respect the Wright Brothers, as well as the dedication to science of the American people"</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div>Finally, I do not in any way, want to demoralize or reduce the importance of anyone, I simply want to recognize the facts that need to be recognized in the matter of the primacy of flight, in a scientific documental way.</div><div><br /></div><div>That being said, let's get to the facts:</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Why Smithsonian belittles Santos=Dumont?</b></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Marcos Palhares, a Santos=Dumont scholar, visiting the Smithsonian, found that despite having a large collection of pieces from our father of aviation, the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum, the institution that maintains the largest and most significant collection of aviation and space artifacts of the world, fully dedicated to the science of aviation, placed Santos=Dumont in a lower corner of its huge space, with a few models, with the following words:</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIgMBiW-PJIezX711De2uTRWPaaDRYRGgy4TVd8h642vW-11FRZJM3DlVEuf0p4G668_TiBc9LflfYr9pF-hmL3ILa_1HbkPp-D6h-uCzw3PkneyJLoBmSDpJon4gEZmuowcYpDRvGuCU/s2048/Smithsonian+downplays+the+importance+of+SantosDumont.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1303" data-original-width="2048" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIgMBiW-PJIezX711De2uTRWPaaDRYRGgy4TVd8h642vW-11FRZJM3DlVEuf0p4G668_TiBc9LflfYr9pF-hmL3ILa_1HbkPp-D6h-uCzw3PkneyJLoBmSDpJon4gEZmuowcYpDRvGuCU/w640-h408/Smithsonian+downplays+the+importance+of+SantosDumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>"Brazilian Alberto Santos-Dumont made the first public flight of a powered airplane in Europe with his 14<i>-bis </i>on October 23, 1906, covering 60 meters (197 feet). On November 12, 1906, he traveled 220 meters (722 feet), still short of the Wrights' best flight of 1903".</div><div><br /></div><div>*** This article is made up of a <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2021/11/santos-dumont-or-wright-brothers-who_13.html">continuation (Part 2)</a> and its <a href="https://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com/2022/01/santos-dumont-or-wright-brothers-who.html">conclusion (Part 3) </a>- please click on the two previous links for a complete overview.</div><div><br /></div><div>It is quite clear that, unfortunately, the institution omits science in the name of the 'America First' policy and despises the achievements of the Brazilian aeronaut.</div><div><br /></div><div>This kind of attitude only raises suspicion against the American historical context - when comparing the Wrights with Santos=Dumont in such a diminutive way, it is evident that at some point in history, Dumont's multiple achievements caused discomfort to the fragile and untenable position of primacy of the brothers.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><b>The Wrights' Secret Flight</b></div><div><br /></div><div>After the secret flight from Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, the Wright Brothers - Orville (August 19, 1871 - January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 - 30 May 1912) continued work on a cow pasture in Dayton from 1904 and 1905.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy8qO76IfkFEoDyfTS2TmTk4Ssy-XmvViL2-YPTuzLqWuviHEuFySA0xIqbED18fbfHLNA-WzWy9OvTOUH-WN_25uTN4v72Oj3H4oLyJPMynwqxsAT9o-vO3JUW7qv02htUEQKNbv3dqc/s2048/Bedside+clock+that+belonged+to+Santos+Dumont.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy8qO76IfkFEoDyfTS2TmTk4Ssy-XmvViL2-YPTuzLqWuviHEuFySA0xIqbED18fbfHLNA-WzWy9OvTOUH-WN_25uTN4v72Oj3H4oLyJPMynwqxsAT9o-vO3JUW7qv02htUEQKNbv3dqc/w640-h640/Bedside+clock+that+belonged+to+Santos+Dumont.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">João Villares, great-grand-nephew of Santos=Dumont, shows the bedside clock that Santos=Dumont wore on all his trips. on the back the inscriptions "appartenant à Santos=Dumont" - belongs to Santos=Dumont</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div><br /></div><div>The Wrights were terribly concerned about being copied. In no way wanted to reveal their creation without patent protection and a signed sales contract, the brothers remained at the site for the next two and a half years while they tried to commercialize their invention.</div><div><br /></div><div>So it was that, at dawn in 1908, with plane sales contracts to a French union and the US Army finally in hand, the Wrights were ready to take off again that spring. They returned to Kill Devil Hills with a rebuilt version of their 1905 plane - now modified with upright seats and controls, and a second seat for a passenger. On May 14, 1908, Wilbur and Orville took turns taking Charles Furnas, one of their mechanics, as a passenger.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Weight x power ratio</b></div><div><br /></div><div>According to Ozires Silva, co-founder of Embraer, the conglomerate that is the third largest company in its field in the world, the Flyer could never have flown because it violated the laws of physics.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFnuHug6bd6f5dH2BpMRdFFymFtmiOwozcGE9MN_KOfcTLE7cNQZ4v8u-iESO5i5Uv7r7KqsAl54Ug7DdBUFil76nedpSGrsqviAIeyQ2OJ7OpWUwfhCe8CP6wlGzueauoyZ_q7pe_81d3m22b9tWHBA1f1zBrEbAvK8HBaIM_A72EtZ7Xqy1D3FuqryA/s2666/Wright%20vs%20Dumont%20hp%20kg%20ratio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2666" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFnuHug6bd6f5dH2BpMRdFFymFtmiOwozcGE9MN_KOfcTLE7cNQZ4v8u-iESO5i5Uv7r7KqsAl54Ug7DdBUFil76nedpSGrsqviAIeyQ2OJ7OpWUwfhCe8CP6wlGzueauoyZ_q7pe_81d3m22b9tWHBA1f1zBrEbAvK8HBaIM_A72EtZ7Xqy1D3FuqryA/w640-h480/Wright%20vs%20Dumont%20hp%20kg%20ratio.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">The laws of physics states that it takes 1Hp to lift 6 kg off the ground, the Flyer had almost 23 kg per Hp - impossible flight</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>According to him, there is a weight/power ratio of the engine, in which planes heavier than air need to overcome gravity through displacement in the atmosphere - 1 Hp sustaining 6 kg of flight is the limit, the greater the weight per HP, the lower the flight probability.</div><div><br /></div><div>In the case of the 14 bis of Santos=Dumont, we had a 50 Hp engine to sustain an aircraft weighing 290 kg (average 5.8 - within the limit of what is possible). The Flyer, on the other hand, weighed 274.4kg and had a 12Hp engine (average 22.83 - completely out of the possible).</div><div><br /></div><div>The laws of physics speak for themselves.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><b>The Wright Brothers' Public Flights</b></div><div><br /></div><div>It is important to say that the Wright brothers' first effectively public flight took place only on August 8, 1908, in which they were duly accompanied by a scientific committee, documented by photos and filmed in the presence of the general public. Prior to that, all other alleged flights had no proper documentation, were merely based on out-of-context allegations and photos, not different from flights performed by pioneers prior to Dumont.</div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXDcq8lFcyf1PvoCTSwpm6PphsAyPe8zlRsEY1sHz2bYT5QHoZgz7n1kdDSt0IA4scQGxgpBe28-UCsIAF_vaHvKkz2xOX_4Cx7UHiWRYENd8NET3iCLtBC1P9KZI61laEI9FciceEjdU/s2048/replica+flyer+14+bis.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXDcq8lFcyf1PvoCTSwpm6PphsAyPe8zlRsEY1sHz2bYT5QHoZgz7n1kdDSt0IA4scQGxgpBe28-UCsIAF_vaHvKkz2xOX_4Cx7UHiWRYENd8NET3iCLtBC1P9KZI61laEI9FciceEjdU/w640-h640/replica+flyer+14+bis.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Flying replicas - No attempt to replicate the Wright brothers' Flyer's flight took off, as did Ken Hyde of the Wright Experience with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). Meanwhile, replicas of the 14-Bis fly regularly, like this one owned by enthusiast and pilot Alan Calassa, who even wanted to send one of his replicas to the Smithsonian - but unfortunately, the proposal was rejected by the museum.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>The Wrights invited the public, and the media to witness their flights in late May of 1904. About 30 reporters showed up at Huffman Prairie on May 23. The Wrights could not get the airplane motor to run properly, and everyone went home disappointed. </div><div><br /></div><div>A handful came back on May 26, but the Wrights were only able to manage a glide flight of about 25 feet </div><div><br /></div><div>In 1905, after the Wrights felt they had worked the bugs out of their invention and had created a practical airplane, they invited the public back again. They sent out about 30 invitations to people whom they thought would make credible witnesses. Several hundred showed up at Huffman Prairie to watch them fly on October 4 and 5, 1905. On October 5, Wilbur claims to have been able to keep the Wright Flyer 3 in the air for 39 minutes, flying 30 complete circuits of the field and covering over 24 miles -- in public.</div><div><br /></div><div>In short, the Wrights claim to have made at least six flights of varying degrees of success before 1906.</div><div><br /></div><div>If only witness claims serve to attest to the first flight, we must disregard Dumont and the Wrights for electing Clement Ader as the great inventor, who claimed to have made a flight with the Éole (aka Avion) before 1900. Ader, just like the Wrights, was flying in secret to the military.</div><div><br /></div><div>The world only witnessed the Whright brothers' flight in the year 1908, in France, when Wilbur began catapult-powered flight (did not take off by its own means) on August 8, 1908, almost two years after Dumont, on the airstrip of Hunaudières horse racing near the city of Le Mans in France. His first flight lasted just 1 minute and 45 seconds.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Flying Replicas</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div><b>Besides Dumont and the Wright Brothers, which other pioneers claim the title of first to fly?</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div><b>- Abbas Ibn Firnas - </b>The first report of a gliding flight took place in the year 875, in Andalusia, a poet of the time said that it flew faster than the Fenix, but it took much longer than the mytical bird to recover from the terrible accident;</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDnX9bHsOKOjLw0t-puWma_2WJuxp9AwQAQc3gwbg6zOku4sn53Mkp_fMF3NJUfYLziLcixioMabVvy65otWGtLfkW_FwAVRtxDYT45SPe0bOC-R4whzU2mAbtA_BjCzgxvZn7H00fL_0j/s2048/Abbas+Ibn+Firnas.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDnX9bHsOKOjLw0t-puWma_2WJuxp9AwQAQc3gwbg6zOku4sn53Mkp_fMF3NJUfYLziLcixioMabVvy65otWGtLfkW_FwAVRtxDYT45SPe0bOC-R4whzU2mAbtA_BjCzgxvZn7H00fL_0j/w640-h640/Abbas+Ibn+Firnas.jpg" width="640" /></a></div></div><div><br /></div></div><div><div><b>Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão </b>(Santos, Brazil, December 1685 — Toledo, November 18, 1724) was the first Brazilian inventor and scientist, famous for the creation of the hot air balloon in 1709. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEina2aJ7sK5sez0vIn0D3psKQ92ZSwPXxDtbgLoGmVOk5PwWXJSJhiV1YA9pqr5hVm8pyU4zu_VN2IN57JgDIsmRN9C9fsK0ps-OJxieablflRizqYODt9Pmg_lJGnCxuUfD5X3mvd6JrI/s2048/Bartolomeu+Lourenc%25CC%25A7o+de+Gusma%25CC%2583o.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEina2aJ7sK5sez0vIn0D3psKQ92ZSwPXxDtbgLoGmVOk5PwWXJSJhiV1YA9pqr5hVm8pyU4zu_VN2IN57JgDIsmRN9C9fsK0ps-OJxieablflRizqYODt9Pmg_lJGnCxuUfD5X3mvd6JrI/w640-h640/Bartolomeu+Lourenc%25CC%25A7o+de+Gusma%25CC%2583o.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>For the design and testing of a scale balloon called Passarola, Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão, nicknamed the flying priest, was considered the father of aerostation. But we must remember that it was the Montgolfier Brothers: Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne, two pioneering French inventor brothers, who built the first manned balloon in the world, which raised Étienne to the skies on June 5, 1783.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>- João de Almeida Torto</b> - was a Portuguese resident in Viseu who in 1540 with the aid of a self-designed flying apparatus, on 20 June, having tried to fly with a wing system manufactured by himself. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-CvCaf-9MXaL1AIDX8pbkH6t7XWZJJ3fSsP_zR2zxCGhQj6ie8qlYlP4WljhAuXxD4j7OLhAwLmndztkfzgYqL4TlZ50bMA6HDZTlBpaJgAKS3SeJnLmC9YhhhEbRIShgcJlNOP2nT9c/s2048/Joa%25CC%2583o+Torto.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-CvCaf-9MXaL1AIDX8pbkH6t7XWZJJ3fSsP_zR2zxCGhQj6ie8qlYlP4WljhAuXxD4j7OLhAwLmndztkfzgYqL4TlZ50bMA6HDZTlBpaJgAKS3SeJnLmC9YhhhEbRIShgcJlNOP2nT9c/w640-h640/Joa%25CC%2583o+Torto.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>It is said that on June 20, 1540, João Torto will have climbed to the top of the Cathedral of Viseu where he had built, with the permission of the Church, a launching ramp.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>-Karl Wilhelm Otto Lilienthal</b> (Anklam, Pomerania, May 23, 1848—Berlin, August 10, 1896), known as the "Father of gliding flight"From 1891, Otto began his collection with more than two thousand flight attempts , in some cases performed up to 80 times a day. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLkOaHstMqjW-HizLWCDemfagahToRF-MP7GSfMrmOOi4jX-ilZX6Ir0JoJnUqN1hyphenhyphenmttIo8jtbpayK5DxUjfvrMD9DsE6xuURURB_HzM_mEFID6xt1GAYTp8FWg9s7O-5RNtApP_ZtQo/s2048/Otto+lilienthal.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLkOaHstMqjW-HizLWCDemfagahToRF-MP7GSfMrmOOi4jX-ilZX6Ir0JoJnUqN1hyphenhyphenmttIo8jtbpayK5DxUjfvrMD9DsE6xuURURB_HzM_mEFID6xt1GAYTp8FWg9s7O-5RNtApP_ZtQo/w640-h640/Otto+lilienthal.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>On several of these occasions the German aviator had a sprained foot and broken arms, in what can be considered the first air accidents.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>- Ukita Kōkichi (浮田 幸吉</b>, 1757 – 1847) was a Japanese aviation pioneer, ancestor of my friend <a href="https://ameobrasil.blogspot.com/2016/03/a-comunidade-japonesa-e-conclusiva-em.html">Yasuyuki Ukita</a>, writer and journalist, great connoisseur of Santos=Dumont, who is often praised for making artificial wings and flying with them. He is considered to be the first Japanese person to fly. He is also known as Chōjin Kōkichi (鳥人 幸吉/Kōkichi the birdman), Hyōgu-shi Kōkichi (表具師 幸吉/Kōkichi the Paperhanger), Sakuraya Kōkichi (櫻屋 幸吉), Bizen'ya Kōkichi (備前屋 幸吉), and Binkōsai (備考斎).</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjdZyYZt-XPdnCJAYhcgSDMPqtwUvdLpcv-vqXb7lpsIDCTKeKLA_XOGPvB84dvE5YOjoBZVE1gpORgiiJdAKTwJSYmKxX7My138RJ2VNtzysFWJ8jvLyiun6ByNeoBY7XShc3DuQFt-c/s2048/Kokichi+Ukita.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjdZyYZt-XPdnCJAYhcgSDMPqtwUvdLpcv-vqXb7lpsIDCTKeKLA_XOGPvB84dvE5YOjoBZVE1gpORgiiJdAKTwJSYmKxX7My138RJ2VNtzysFWJ8jvLyiun6ByNeoBY7XShc3DuQFt-c/w640-h640/Kokichi+Ukita.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Ukita tried flying from a bridge over Asahigawa-river(旭川) in the summer of 1785. Some references say that he glided several meters, but others say that he just fell.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>Several other aviators or their supporters claimed the first manned flight in a powered plane. Claims that have received significant attention are:</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>-Shivkar Bapuji Talpade</b> with his airplane Marutsakhā (1895) - flew 460m at Chowpatty Beach, Mumbai, Indian pioneer with interests in aeronautics and Sanskrit;</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicpR81RCkvMwn5sgSV2q8WEzWm2aj3edxS0x3XM_HaRmBVRCarzpj5rC2Hsz3U3iLaGAhTA36homStQ5-mgLF34mupZAa1UXhGJ-mFj9BPIAfk7MXQ40lUAnFK2gYykpotZLYxMa1dpFY/s2048/Shivkar+Bapuji+Talpade.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicpR81RCkvMwn5sgSV2q8WEzWm2aj3edxS0x3XM_HaRmBVRCarzpj5rC2Hsz3U3iLaGAhTA36homStQ5-mgLF34mupZAa1UXhGJ-mFj9BPIAfk7MXQ40lUAnFK2gYykpotZLYxMa1dpFY/w640-h640/Shivkar+Bapuji+Talpade.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><b>-Clément Ader</b> in 1897 invented and patented an aircraft based on the designs of a pioneer in biomimetics, Louis Pierre Mouillard, called by various names – Éole; Zephyr; Avion, but what the French liked to call the 'énorme chauve-aouris en lin' (the huge linen bat).</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjogd9XFvlsIIqLhnLo3uSL34F38R3eqAEOv4MNLlLOovZepZyTCBsnPu3cKSjb_SPR80DkHcrROZOOyRmawHe3ZiaeKvFtZdUv78rlcv-LE_6CzVEHtgBCoApLpjZCKTo4ZOXruy_FgoQ/s2048/Cle%25CC%2581ment+Ader.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjogd9XFvlsIIqLhnLo3uSL34F38R3eqAEOv4MNLlLOovZepZyTCBsnPu3cKSjb_SPR80DkHcrROZOOyRmawHe3ZiaeKvFtZdUv78rlcv-LE_6CzVEHtgBCoApLpjZCKTo4ZOXruy_FgoQ/w640-h640/Cle%25CC%2581ment+Ader.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div>It had a redesigned light aluminum steam engine, with 4 cylinders and 20hp of power, the Éole Ader flew 100m at a height of 20cm from the ground in Sartory, south of Versailles;</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx30SJigWt7lY7zp4oCK-Uw4lsH2lvF3x3cYYWHu-u6mNrP9qRvFSRgdYrIVv8U14r0XbQGrafUD-6C_5WdjkxZSe-A-Q_u9oXZIb5SH4sdVbKPv_y4NDCyVx0QGNq5fSEBGU3YJrr3Ctt/s2048/Gustave+Whitehead.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx30SJigWt7lY7zp4oCK-Uw4lsH2lvF3x3cYYWHu-u6mNrP9qRvFSRgdYrIVv8U14r0XbQGrafUD-6C_5WdjkxZSe-A-Q_u9oXZIb5SH4sdVbKPv_y4NDCyVx0QGNq5fSEBGU3YJrr3Ctt/w640-h640/Gustave+Whitehead.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><b>-Gustave Whitehead</b>, a German immigrant, residing in Connecticut with the model aircraft 21 and 22 (1901-1903) – the number 21, which had its design inspired by Lilienthal's wing, flew for the first time 201 meters in Fairfield;</div><div><br /></div><div><b>-Samuel Pierpont Langley </b>(1903) - and his airplane called 'Aerodrome A';</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6mWIOxBxv-w8OjrBeuba2eLVPEnitRhCzshaH_CgJadxJSMswuLPOkxSzsJGuucbyZPhrGHjMRjt-KkW83t6VGFowkkUt0BHvcu8nYjKYX0kxMlBEfJXfDbTK5nokmPEIWl8a7PKL51o/s2048/The+Langley+Aerodrome.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6mWIOxBxv-w8OjrBeuba2eLVPEnitRhCzshaH_CgJadxJSMswuLPOkxSzsJGuucbyZPhrGHjMRjt-KkW83t6VGFowkkUt0BHvcu8nYjKYX0kxMlBEfJXfDbTK5nokmPEIWl8a7PKL51o/w640-h640/The+Langley+Aerodrome.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><b>-Karl Jatho</b> (1903) - On August 18, 1903, 4 months before Orville Wright, Karl-Jatho, born in Hanover February 3, 1873 - Hanover, took off from flat ground with the sole impetus of his engine. 18 meters on his first flight, with a tricraft, three meters above the ground, in November 1903, still a month before Wright, he performed a series of flights over 200 feet and over 10 feet above the ground.</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw_5WSjZZdxwiB2jO101M39hmgJEDRpKwVj_d2nTTEZXya1Axw0yRlHt6qqHIgel3tLBFBFA5JnRwFaoftx07Y89PArgrTd52Rezf5VJCKvAWl-c5oSsc6Dn1zXkK_ZWp19wuqCAGLyxU/s2048/Karl+Jatho.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="2048" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw_5WSjZZdxwiB2jO101M39hmgJEDRpKwVj_d2nTTEZXya1Axw0yRlHt6qqHIgel3tLBFBFA5JnRwFaoftx07Y89PArgrTd52Rezf5VJCKvAWl-c5oSsc6Dn1zXkK_ZWp19wuqCAGLyxU/w640-h640/Karl+Jatho.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div>Since we can accept accounts and the testimony of bystanders as evidence, I don't see why we can't accept Shivkar, Ader or even Whithead as having been the first to fly, they all came before Dumont and the Wright Brothers, they're all awesome and genius, and all of them have wonderful flight reports.</div><div><br /></div><div>All these pioneers mentioned above have their flights reported by witnesses, as valid as the Wright brothers' witnesses, but with the exception of Santos=Dumont, none of them flew in the presence of other scientists, journalists, technical committees, who validated their flights based on scientific methods, with reliable, extensive and secure documentation. Santos=Dumont was the first to have his flights filmed.</div><div><br /></div><div>---</div><div><br /></div><div>The brothers Louis and Auguste Lumière projected a film for the first time in 1895, filming and projecting movies was already a reality, from the first flights and it is excellent scientific evidence - why then has never been cinematographically documented any flight of these other pioneers?</div><div><br /></div><div>If we are going to use the proper and perfect use of the scientific method, taking into account the problem solving approach, where scientists ask pertinent questions and carry out different tests, demonstrate the discovery in front of experts, capable of evaluating all steps on a scientific basis, without prejudice or interests other than science - there is no doubt that Santos=Dumont was the first man to fly with the heavier-than-air, to bring to humanity all the benefits of air transport and to inspire a whole generation of new pioneers.</div><div><br /></div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-12581924492631916522018-06-23T11:11:00.007-07:002023-08-28T08:14:12.184-07:00Santos=Dumont and his Aerial Dinner Parties<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsKOTIsofkhoZpvFWK1LlMsJaJiGCajEXjLM9TVDsW4mvYr97y3fQi207dUeKtr4i_GQz2GpU0g-1facT5GodVVP_auYgo93gymPYvTJS4gSbwkH06qrefGq8Ll8AOeZzeN6ggqnCXREps/s1600/Aerial+Dinner+Parties+2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsKOTIsofkhoZpvFWK1LlMsJaJiGCajEXjLM9TVDsW4mvYr97y3fQi207dUeKtr4i_GQz2GpU0g-1facT5GodVVP_auYgo93gymPYvTJS4gSbwkH06qrefGq8Ll8AOeZzeN6ggqnCXREps/s640/Aerial+Dinner+Parties+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Santos=Dumont sitting at his high tables with guests</td></tr>
</tbody></table><br /><div>There are reports that when he lived in Paris, in the early 1910s, Santos=Dumont had tables two meters high made, accompanied by small stairs, so that the guests could climb on the high chairs, as well as, so that the waiters could serve them. He placed these tables in his apartment on the Champs Élysées and hosted some meals for very special guests.<div><br /></div><div>Other reports say that only a table set with four chairs was made.</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2018/06/os-incriveis-jantares-aereos-de-santos.html">leia essa matéria em Português</a></span><br />
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Unfortunately, we do not have many references to how, when, and why Santos=Dumont promoted these "Dinners in the Heights", the few that come to us end up being distorted, incomplete, biased and pejorative.</div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJi3to5CZVHoO3zNUc-3lSV3cwEjwWdIlcwTbnEze1VzFW6THblHUn6ZupGxoO95xnoG5NysjJRBa1PV74s99ecoRLGvrRZsJTR6rAsiRkvBacW7rkESso6PpLRYHZy5DIUgMHC9Pjn1cTKxJ_3rBiNSnlzzhav5dXhUolO0O9gWaUqVewTneOoaJOg-M/s3000/Sala%204%20old%20new.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3000" data-original-width="3000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJi3to5CZVHoO3zNUc-3lSV3cwEjwWdIlcwTbnEze1VzFW6THblHUn6ZupGxoO95xnoG5NysjJRBa1PV74s99ecoRLGvrRZsJTR6rAsiRkvBacW7rkESso6PpLRYHZy5DIUgMHC9Pjn1cTKxJ_3rBiNSnlzzhav5dXhUolO0O9gWaUqVewTneOoaJOg-M/w640-h640/Sala%204%20old%20new.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Reconstitution of the dining room in the heights based on photos from the time.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>
But I have no doubt that they must have been very extravagant, sophisticated and therefore unforgettable events.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgH3vWjaVYRsqax9TSgFKFeyi2ouHgBYQ_CIXwe4QbzZ1Z7Om97YLogFj-7HnAhIjBvGTS4ol69rRUn83jMXkp5ta5HOtp0wx_PaqZvb5QEBEW8PM6-zZJVyfO6W9kdBU9ID_AP7GEvZvse/s1600/Aerial+Dinner+Parties+4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgH3vWjaVYRsqax9TSgFKFeyi2ouHgBYQ_CIXwe4QbzZ1Z7Om97YLogFj-7HnAhIjBvGTS4ol69rRUn83jMXkp5ta5HOtp0wx_PaqZvb5QEBEW8PM6-zZJVyfO6W9kdBU9ID_AP7GEvZvse/s640/Aerial+Dinner+Parties+4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Santos=Dumont's appreciation of experiencing unique meals, and living a life-style worthy of what he use to read in the adventures of Jules Verne, came to be known later when he frequently stopped his dirigible#9 in the restaurant 'La Grande Cascade' , or in front of his elegant apartment in Paris, just to have a coffee with friends, and return to his flights.<br />
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But it was with the Aereial Dinner Parties (eventually called "L<i>'incroyable diner dans le ciel</i>" or "<i>diner aérien</i>" by the Parisians) that Santos=Dumont won the heart of the elegant dandies of his time.<br />
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Among the best articles that I’ve found about these and other dinners parties promoted by him, I begin by quoting Jorge Henrique Dodsworth, Santos=Dumont’s nephew: "Head in the heights, dinner in the heights. He had dinner tables and special chairs arranged in order to give to the aristocratic guests the feeling of being in the air. "<br />
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Yolanda Penteado describes her "Tio Alberto, ("Uncle Alberto, in Portuguese" as she affectionately called him) and little bit about who these guests might be: "Santos-Dumont was extremely elegant and refined. Impeccable, he was a fashion influencer of his time: Santos-Dumont collar, Santos-Dumont hats, ... eccentric and vain. Because he was small in size, he wore <i>elevated boots</i>. Or as they will be called later, platform shoes (...) in the early years of the twentieth century, Santos-Dumont was, indeed, the number one figure of Paris. He was, sort to speak, star in time when fabulous people like, Marcel Proust, Guy de Moupassant, Toulouse-Lautrec, glowed on boulevards, cafes and halls. (...) The famous caricaturist SEM registered him in a cafe next to Lautrec ".<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEif0ezrwcDZt0JZKEjcSqRjVRpFi-fAY-D0U7mrHeaZ24Rw2th7Az9PDJHp1vXWV4scbJzPfuRS0HqocQDv0wC0u9Q6NThkSVDd0O45OyAjmEAT2gp5YxuJcZ1Wz2xh8BL-Xk2qtynt2nAr/s1600/Aerial+Dinner+Parties3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEif0ezrwcDZt0JZKEjcSqRjVRpFi-fAY-D0U7mrHeaZ24Rw2th7Az9PDJHp1vXWV4scbJzPfuRS0HqocQDv0wC0u9Q6NThkSVDd0O45OyAjmEAT2gp5YxuJcZ1Wz2xh8BL-Xk2qtynt2nAr/s640/Aerial+Dinner+Parties3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Yolanda also talks about other eccentricities and sophistications of Dumont in relation to the meals he was serving, "Once [Santos-Dumont] invited us to go to Petrópolis ... we were invited to lunch, and it was, not to my astonishment, when we saw the table lined with folded violets of Parma, very pretty Royal Dalton pottery, in red. A huge black guy brought a tray with a huge turkey. The black guy was so big that almost did not fit into the room (A <i>Encantada</i> - the Enchanted in Portuguese, was house of Santos=Dumont in Petrópolis, with very small dimensions) it was really a scene, when he tried to cut the turkey. Mr Alberto served only champagne. There was also a violet inside the champagne glasses.<br />
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As for the aviator's life in Paris, and the privacy of him in his apartment, we have the reference of the New York Mail and Express reporter, who had once been sent to Paris to describe his personality. It is important to note that this descriptions may be somewhat biased, since Santos=Dumont was a close friend of James Gordon Bennett, a celebrity and millionaire living in Paris, owner of the competing newspaper, The New York Herald.<br />
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Paul Hoffman in his book, Wings of Madness, painstakingly describes the decoration of Santos=Dumont's apartment, described by a reporter: “in a profusion of pastel, blue and white, pink, golden, silk-lined walls, large bowls. He also says that it was Dumont himself who knit, he was very knowledgeable in the art of tapestry, and he had embroidered his own towels and napkins”.<br />
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It is also possible that Dumont made his own tablecloth, since the embroiderers of the Dumont family in northwestern Minas Gerais (Estate located in southeast region of Brazil) have tradition in this sort of art, making Irish lace towels, lace sheets, cross stitch pillowcases, using centuries old techniques, among many others in Brazil.<br />
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The knitting, crocheting and embroidering are part of the feminine tradition in Brazil, nevertheless it is known that the mathematics skills and the art behind such task, was learned in family, very often by men who, of course, did not publish that sort of feat, to avoid prejudice among male community, and it is currently practiced by many men and women now days in order to develop mental abilities, control stress and obviously, for its beauty.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgH5ELf7TBIf7Ki08wKkQx6wkD2sffdbuMFVUYPHYiSr6WNAxXMIk22UrqqYxygcFosHrUOnYcnMhVSXq4hQ5fHiWahGpnOM6Wdinh1yj9J_9LYrfCbWd2pQe7s5L79JNYqDA-w8Knmxw7P/s1600/Aerial+Dinner+Parties+1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgH5ELf7TBIf7Ki08wKkQx6wkD2sffdbuMFVUYPHYiSr6WNAxXMIk22UrqqYxygcFosHrUOnYcnMhVSXq4hQ5fHiWahGpnOM6Wdinh1yj9J_9LYrfCbWd2pQe7s5L79JNYqDA-w8Knmxw7P/s640/Aerial+Dinner+Parties+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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In the book "La Demoiselle et la Mort", Michel Bénichou describes the inventor, and his life in his apartment, practicing this art: "In the white room, where the setting sun shines in golden reflexions, Alberto Santos-Dumont turns his back on the window. Standing in a golden armchair in front of a pink curtain under an embroidered veil, he faces his world, a bundle of trinkets over some collection of little ‘<i>guéridon</i>’ tables, he is gazing into nothingness. From his little hieratic body, only the hands are shaken in a regular fashion. He is knitting. The ticking of their needles competes with the faint ticking of a clock. When the time comes, he looks at it, counts the meshes with the tip of his thumb, folds and arranges them, rises and walks with sudden vivacity up to the room"*.<br />
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I also know that many readers of our culture tend to have such ‘macho impulses’ with regard to his abilities with needles, and with respect to his sexuality, which is caused by pure ignorance, but in France this ability is well known and respected. In this sense, I strive to address such subject, in a spirit of journalistic investigation and free of prejudice.<br />
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Being invited to such an event, having a meal at the home of one of the greatest personalities of the early twentieth century, promoted by the genius of the air, the Brazilian father of aviation, and still experience his unique gastronomic experiences on the heights, in such luxurious and exotic atmosphere, happened more than a hundred years ago, and nothing to this day could match it - if you, who are reading this blog wants to invest in such format of restaurants, you should count on me to be your business partner :).<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">*<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>original article in French - « Dans le salon blanc, où le soleil couchant fait étinceler les dorures, Alberto Santos-Dumont tourne le dos à la fenêtre. Immobile, assis bien droit sur une fine chaise dorée, devant un voile de guipure drapé et son rideau de soi rose, il fait face à son monde, théorie de bibelots sur collection de guéridons, les yeux fixés sur le néant. De son petit corps hiératique, seules les mains sont agitées de saccades régulières. Il tricote. Ses aiguilles opposent un tic-tic affaire au langoureux tic-tic d’une pendule. Quand sonne l’heure, il abaisse le regard vers elles, compte les mailles du bout du pouce, replie l ouvrage, le range, se lève et marche avec une vivacité soudaine vers la chambre ».</span><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br />Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-24556026816127339882018-06-16T15:52:00.000-07:002018-06-24T07:25:43.926-07:00Gago Coutinho & Sacadura Cabral<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNAR22-09FCAjR6Omepw620m4pSIrl76NK7AGC09Mv0Y3aXbsdf9GEaN0vc3g_g1PjKO80P3G4t030ta-7bPXhVYXHXtdBVyiZjPhDgHANHVTZZN1gl_1b3H8LSe-6g8FpIHiLl9VRcN8/s1600/Portuguese+Pioneer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNAR22-09FCAjR6Omepw620m4pSIrl76NK7AGC09Mv0Y3aXbsdf9GEaN0vc3g_g1PjKO80P3G4t030ta-7bPXhVYXHXtdBVyiZjPhDgHANHVTZZN1gl_1b3H8LSe-6g8FpIHiLl9VRcN8/s640/Portuguese+Pioneer.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Portuguese Pioneers of Aviation Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral</td></tr>
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The town of Sagres, located on a peninsula that juts out into the Atlantic Ocean, Cape St. Vincent; it’s the southwesternmost tip of Portugal and the whole European continent. It’s an incredibly special place, with 250-foot cliffs that plunge down into the sea, and for a long time people believed it was the end of the world.<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com/2018/06/pioneiros-portugueses-da-aviacao-gago.html">leia essa matéria em Português</a></span><br />
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A Portuguese prince, Henry the Navigator (Infante Dom Henrique in Portuguese), had a school there; you can still visit the ruins. He had the latest nautical charts, celestial maps and navigation equipment. It’s where explorers would meet and share knowledge and information before setting sail across the ocean.<br />
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Being there made me think about Columbus, Magellan and Vasco da Gama, brave men who took great leaps into the unknown to discover new worlds. Sagres was the Johnson Space Centre of its day.<br />
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As all real discovery begins with romantic daydreams, the Portuguese were the first to put their dreams into practice - legend has it that Portuguese aviation history may start to be told with the "deeds of João Torto",<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkeBC-Ts1G4r-jz8mJfWK_YF0pxsbgwZd5aXjJWajMqriMIe1SY6eNJVzFPui1B9ue3_DKGRlKR9zAHcBYPP7HFFiitR5zDiPPLuPxXtpuD51JjuCCRIatKfU3Qq0oqivKAraii1KYBftF/s1600/Joa%25CC%2583o+Torto.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkeBC-Ts1G4r-jz8mJfWK_YF0pxsbgwZd5aXjJWajMqriMIe1SY6eNJVzFPui1B9ue3_DKGRlKR9zAHcBYPP7HFFiitR5zDiPPLuPxXtpuD51JjuCCRIatKfU3Qq0oqivKAraii1KYBftF/s640/Joa%25CC%2583o+Torto.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">João Torto jumps from the tower of the cathedral in São Mateus square</td></tr>
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Using two pairs of calico cloth-covered wings attached to his arms and an eagle-shaped helmet, Torto jumped from the cathedral tower in St. Mateus square on June 20, 1540 at 5 p.m. in front of a large crowd, and fell a short distance to a nearby chapel.<br />
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Unfortunately, when he landed, his helmet slipped over his face and obscured his view. He fell to the ground, fatally wounding himself.<br />
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Torto a true Renaissance man, was a person of many trades: He was a nurse, a barber, a certified bleeder and healer, an astrologer and a teacher. - he certainly inspired the next aviation pioneers to come.<br />
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Another great pioneer of aeronautics was a Jesuit monk, Bartolomeu de Gusmão, who interrupted his studies at Coimbra University to develop his flying machines. On 5th and 8th August, 1709, the monk demonstrated the principle of lighter-than-air balloon to the King John V of Portugal and his court, and also to the Papal Representative Conti, later to become Pope Inocencius XIII.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqTXpKBUqAgRm28khoNNUVy-Rid9BDcgHGfjMZNCGvKOLEiHtWaGweQ7-DNnX_zfnig77nAiNIKyn4wY3MhyVA7NSeKoeXaanJ231vr5327cO201SCO8zCLP-0mINnZzTV3KY5GZw7zidw/s1600/Passarola+de+Bartoomeu+de+Gusma%25CC%2583o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqTXpKBUqAgRm28khoNNUVy-Rid9BDcgHGfjMZNCGvKOLEiHtWaGweQ7-DNnX_zfnig77nAiNIKyn4wY3MhyVA7NSeKoeXaanJ231vr5327cO201SCO8zCLP-0mINnZzTV3KY5GZw7zidw/s640/Passarola+de+Bartoomeu+de+Gusma%25CC%2583o.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Bartolomeu de Gusmão and his Passarola</td></tr>
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Gusmão demonstrated indoors and outdoors his “hot air balloon” that in one case reached a height of 4.5 meters, carrying the “Passarola” an oneiric bird-like flying ship.<br />
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It is impossible for me not to mention in this blog Santos=Dumont, and his Portuguese maternal side of the family, that he valued so much, using both his Portuguese name "Santos" and also his French "Dumont" separated by a symbol of equal, depicted in his famous signature "Santos=Dumont", in which he equalized the importance of his two ancestries. But Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral were undoubtedly the most important Portuguese aeronauts to this day.<br />
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At this meeting, Dumont provided the pair of avid navigators with important navigation information regarding the use of chronometer and other crucial navigation references that made the difference in air safety for the crossing.<br />
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On march 30, in 1922, the pair of Portuguese aviators, Sacadura Cabral and Gago Coutinho, set off at the Bom Sucesso Naval Air Station in the Tagus, near the Belém Tower in Lisbon, at 16:30 on March 30, 1922, in the Portuguese Naval Aviation aircraft Lusitânia, It was the first flight across the southern Atlantic.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQp5H_HS3MQMGt9gQxyY4CU6sWOW9eIBjJsRxJBqNCj6FDQ3Vd-kYy_w_cihMvMniSg3bAKS5sbnJbEEWx4o_385gD-7FMq1JgWOzHxxZEmccEIT8cVqt6hJ5IpA-CZXmNbeZSF1JFkp1w/s1600/001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="1024" height="374" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQp5H_HS3MQMGt9gQxyY4CU6sWOW9eIBjJsRxJBqNCj6FDQ3Vd-kYy_w_cihMvMniSg3bAKS5sbnJbEEWx4o_385gD-7FMq1JgWOzHxxZEmccEIT8cVqt6hJ5IpA-CZXmNbeZSF1JFkp1w/s640/001.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">O Lusitânia near the Tower of Belêm</td></tr>
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On April 17 they flew to Praia on Santiago Island, and then to the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, already in Brazilian waters, where they arrived on the same day, after flying 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) over the South Atlantic. They had reached that point by relying solely on the Pattern Bubble Sextant with its artificial horizon and the route corrector, both invented by Coutinho exclusively to this travel.<br />
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However, when ditching on the rough seas near the archipelago, the Lusitânia lost one of its floats and sank. The two aviators were saved by the cruiser NRP República, which had been sent by the Portuguese Navy to support the aerial crossing. The aviators were then carried to the Brazilian Fernando de Noronha islands.<br />
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Immediately after that incident, the Portuguese government sent another Fairey III seaplane to complete the journey. The new plane, baptized Pátria (homeland in Portuguese), arrived at Fernando Noronha on May 6. After being refitted, the Pátria departed on May 11 with Coutinho and Cabral on board, departed towards the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago to resume the journey at the point where had been interrupted, but an engine problem forced them to once again make an emergency ditching in the middle of the ocean, where they drifted for nine hours until being saved by the nearby British cargo ship Paris City, which carried them back to Fernando Noronha.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeQlm6XxfH34EsfQEaCElaTgCtMHiO-BaPC5cw0-efQ8fJDzGQhhhKBCHQOVbxEbM8fQ66VT9Zu5qxnMZUXds0hknUU3zTfwzNI88A0KytJws0wUXlcG-kqJkUEmZUzfLO6cPz1chIo2kP/s1600/Fairey+IIID+chega+a+ilha+de+Santa+Cruz+17-06-1922.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="1024" height="374" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeQlm6XxfH34EsfQEaCElaTgCtMHiO-BaPC5cw0-efQ8fJDzGQhhhKBCHQOVbxEbM8fQ66VT9Zu5qxnMZUXds0hknUU3zTfwzNI88A0KytJws0wUXlcG-kqJkUEmZUzfLO6cPz1chIo2kP/s640/Fairey+IIID+chega+a+ilha+de+Santa+Cruz+17-06-1922.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Fairey III arrival in Santa Cruz Island</td></tr>
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A third Fairey III – baptized Santa Cruz by the wife of Epitácio Pessoa, the President of Brazil – was sent out, carried by the cruiser NRP Carvalho Araújo. On June 5, the Santa Cruz was put in the waters of Fernando Noronha and Coutinho and Cabral resumed their journey, flying to Recife, then to Salvador da Bahia.<br />
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They’ve finally finished the 5,100-mile voyage at Rio de Janeiro on June 17, after a total of 62 hours flying, (important to say that British aviators John Alcock and Arthur Brown, made the first non-stop transatlantic flight in June 1919, and arrived in St. John's, Newfoundland, in Candada).<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBsRluU8NUOuGHhsy1xT1q2XnB9Wl6q9WSgPkSsKZz8P22RxgrE3gR3c_YpTPJ9PPK2h1FdDU4ZdVuMR65Hzj4pF8K576y5Tdlwr5vtaygLLsBHwGzRb4xyiYfzw0097zQeW0yPq2i23g/s1600/Coutinho-Pattern+Bubble+Sextant++%2526+Route+Corrector.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBsRluU8NUOuGHhsy1xT1q2XnB9Wl6q9WSgPkSsKZz8P22RxgrE3gR3c_YpTPJ9PPK2h1FdDU4ZdVuMR65Hzj4pF8K576y5Tdlwr5vtaygLLsBHwGzRb4xyiYfzw0097zQeW0yPq2i23g/s640/Coutinho-Pattern+Bubble+Sextant++%2526+Route+Corrector.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> Coutinho-Pattern Bubble Sextant</td></tr>
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Normally used to measure the angle between two objects at a distance, the sextant was the basic tool used by marine navigators, but it was not possible to use it when on board an aircraft, considering the water line and sea level as fundamental points of reference.<br />
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It was then that Gago Coutinho invented the Artificial Horizon Sextant or the Coutinho-Pattern Bubble Sextant and the Path Corrector.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFwlO3CvC23h6c5e3Ty7DJK8oIl05d2YWA9xcT2oKfjnW97GEasNiag3V-eXXRpM_8RnscUdQdCncR9zq6KkCUXB92Vo529WeDjPSoJMF2xRt_KjopE0pLrbq4srnC9dmAtwTOZZQ783hi/s1600/sexx+001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="905" data-original-width="1200" height="482" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFwlO3CvC23h6c5e3Ty7DJK8oIl05d2YWA9xcT2oKfjnW97GEasNiag3V-eXXRpM_8RnscUdQdCncR9zq6KkCUXB92Vo529WeDjPSoJMF2xRt_KjopE0pLrbq4srnC9dmAtwTOZZQ783hi/s640/sexx+001.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Coutinho-Pattern Bubble Sextant </td></tr>
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The Sextant used an ampoule containing an air bubble as a substitute for the water line, following the tradition of experienced Portuguese navigators, the idea to conceive this special sextant was elegant and simple – let’s suppose that a navigator is approaching to the coast of Lisbon, and at a certain distance, he wants to measure the angle between the top of the tower of Belem in comparison with the line of the horizon (water line), win order to stipulate the angle and trigonometrically obtain the distance to the tower:<br />
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1 - At first it starts from scratch on the movable arm and the micrometric barrel, then looking through the telescope, it fits the water line in the small mirror;<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj__rUAwSJ64f3hXoO8MHQsRlBmJAflGG_cxBTMDwLZ2GgQ75caeBYL_ixk7i8Fpcl5eAzgO-aCkMKwsY6ACIAf6RD2ijT-8LBr0DC9fgOqwKkmRnE1N3x86tcQXDgRzaURo77Az0QKg-hY/s1600/sexx+002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="905" data-original-width="1200" height="482" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj__rUAwSJ64f3hXoO8MHQsRlBmJAflGG_cxBTMDwLZ2GgQ75caeBYL_ixk7i8Fpcl5eAzgO-aCkMKwsY6ACIAf6RD2ijT-8LBr0DC9fgOqwKkmRnE1N3x86tcQXDgRzaURo77Az0QKg-hY/s640/sexx+002.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">How does the Coutinho's Sextant work?</td></tr>
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2 - Once well framed, the navigator tightens the clip and loosens the movable arm, turning the micrometric drum until the top of the tower aligns with the water line - at this point he reads the scale of graduate arc.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9hKKHFIzv0pt256drx0gww1zaREKoczpSaRRXnhGgMTPuD6bggmlAkNKYV6yxMC8Znu7EoUR3XNlKKmUaHRycHBiF-AOJNuI4T17Nntqx_rts-ua5JIanV4LJeXy-P_-iD6ZPzzWwwwOT/s1600/partes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="905" data-original-width="1200" height="482" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9hKKHFIzv0pt256drx0gww1zaREKoczpSaRRXnhGgMTPuD6bggmlAkNKYV6yxMC8Znu7EoUR3XNlKKmUaHRycHBiF-AOJNuI4T17Nntqx_rts-ua5JIanV4LJeXy-P_-iD6ZPzzWwwwOT/s640/partes.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Artificial Horizon Sextant, invented by Gago Coutinho</td></tr>
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In the case of the Coutinho-Pattern Bubble Sextant, invented by Gago Coutinho, an artificial horizon (9) was added, a device with an air bubble inside a water vial, which was reflected by an auxiliary mirror, thus replacing the window of the water level. This device made it possible to define a horizontal plane without the need for the visible sea horizon for those naturally positioned at sea level.<br />
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In collaboration with Sacadura Cabral, he designed and built another instrument which they called the “Plaqué de abatimento” or “route corrector”, which made it possible to graphically calculate the angle between the longitudinal angle of the aircraft and the route to be followed, taking the intensity and direction of the wind into account.<br />
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In order to verify the effectiveness of their methods and instruments, Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral made several aerial voyages, one of which was the journey between Lisbon and Funchal in 1921, in approximately seven and a half hours. On this journey, Gago Coutinho performed 15 calculations of straight altitude lines and several observations of the strength and direction of the wind. According to his annotations, the navigation processes used “were sufficient to determine with precision any point away from the earth, as small as it might be, a resource which became essential in a projected aerial journey from Lisbon to Brazil”.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz-uhTip9animPSbdbYJnm_aS7O9uK6K48Ao1sTAN5hyEmhYt2ra0WK1QT4AFK6EQHVzXn6t-pzOu6sO-ifa6ev4dGGV-JgM7XBOJlofzr24IeWVsSq2rEoKESR2JfHe-jI2Gq5DdGjvsQ/s1600/Fairey_IIID+Museu+do+Ar+em+Lisboa+Santa_Cruz_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz-uhTip9animPSbdbYJnm_aS7O9uK6K48Ao1sTAN5hyEmhYt2ra0WK1QT4AFK6EQHVzXn6t-pzOu6sO-ifa6ev4dGGV-JgM7XBOJlofzr24IeWVsSq2rEoKESR2JfHe-jI2Gq5DdGjvsQ/s640/Fairey_IIID+Museu+do+Ar+em+Lisboa+Santa_Cruz_.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Seaplane Fairey F III-D nº 17 "Santa Cruz" (Museum of the Navy of Lisbon)</td></tr>
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The Coutinho and Cabral's saga, the South Atlantic aerial crossing, and the invention of such innovative instruments as well, inspired numerous subsequent transatlantic pilots, such as the American Charles Lindbergh, the Brazilian João Ribeiro de Barros and the Portuguese Sarmento de Beires, all of whom crossed the Atlantic in 1927.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4etf0odiEglbZR0m8odJ6Z2th48tM5Xa-v7pk7Z8zXE0SNzh55-QPCT3-kZoynOyU6Hd6kDkgD5OhIpkdjqSwUiTCYU4dUFKOK3hJYVLkuiWYRgx_TaVfjxw6ijpK-NdY2twGr_KN1ek/s1600/Letter+from+Gago+Coutinho+to+Santos%253DDumont+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4etf0odiEglbZR0m8odJ6Z2th48tM5Xa-v7pk7Z8zXE0SNzh55-QPCT3-kZoynOyU6Hd6kDkgD5OhIpkdjqSwUiTCYU4dUFKOK3hJYVLkuiWYRgx_TaVfjxw6ijpK-NdY2twGr_KN1ek/s640/Letter+from+Gago+Coutinho+to+Santos%253DDumont+.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Letter from Gago Coutinho to Santos = Dumont</td></tr>
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<b>Letter from Gago Coutinho to Santos=Dumont</b><br />
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In an incredible document, kept in the museum of Cabangu there is a beautiful posthumous letter from Gago Coutinho addressed to Santos=Dumont, expressing admiration for the idol, describing the joy when reading about the great man's adventures in the articles of "Vie au grand-air", and affectionately referring to and Santos=Dumont as the father of aviation. Find below the full text.<br />
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"Personally, I admired Santos=Dumont before I met him in person. His aerial adventures were reported to me by the French weekly "Vie au grand-air”, when I was working in the African backlands as a geographer, half a century ago.<br />
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I noticed that he had begun his studies at first, through the spherical balloon. Then he went to the airship, only military, with electric motor. When he made the turn around the Eiffel Tower; from there he passed to the "fire engine" dirigible, which represented the danger of a "fire at the foot of the tow" event, as it was to be seen later.<br />
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And so he was taken to the airplane, already without hydrogen, almost as his vision of the "flying machine" of the future. Finally – after 52 years - Santos, had obtained material result, proving that "Man can fly", and much better than the rivals, the birds. It seems that some people were surprised that he had not made his demonstrations in his homeland, Brazil, as I many times heard 36 years ago, in Rio, causing him dislike ad indifference. But still there were not the resources for his experiences there with light engines, gasoline, in addition to qualified personnel for the construction of balloons, etc.<br />
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But there was still a lack of interest worldwide, as proved by his definitive experience in 1906 in St. Cloud. Here (in Europe) his experiences provoked a public interest in the presence of those interested in the problem, such as Blérriot and others, who saw materially the future that S. Dumont had publicly revealed. And so, his experience soon provoked other Air pilots, who after a few months already knew how to fly, with resources derived from those revealed by the "Father of Aviation", our S. Dumont. So, if others had flown better than their two heliometers - flight that I would like to see repeated every year by this time the concrete fact is that it was their experiences of 1906 the capital step that brought about such a development, as that of Company "Panair do Brasil" demonstrates with its giant airplanes, that ships 70 passengers, every week!<br />
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That's not all. In 1922, S. Dumont offered me, as his fellow experimenter, those two instruments, with which he sought to demonstrate practically the power of Airplane guidance in the Air - similar to that which - centuries later - the "Portuguese Pilots" revealed to the World, at sea. His Chronometer here, and his sextant, which also served to his studies of navigation, I have already offered to the Museum of São Paulo, studies which preceded ours.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU8-ihqBfnq4YTbE5T5IijUPIu8pun7SavX632CbVlBOUHCruSl9D7a3hMu6K5RNcdz440PsMJ1nGLwywYSs4GxuvbLo7Y_C-4ZtSqIGyKgulWWDBZn6DlWNIqT58FtQ0C-BZr8WVQzo6F/s1600/Carta+Gago+Coutinho.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="972" data-original-width="1275" height="486" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU8-ihqBfnq4YTbE5T5IijUPIu8pun7SavX632CbVlBOUHCruSl9D7a3hMu6K5RNcdz440PsMJ1nGLwywYSs4GxuvbLo7Y_C-4ZtSqIGyKgulWWDBZn6DlWNIqT58FtQ0C-BZr8WVQzo6F/s640/Carta+Gago+Coutinho.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Arrangement of the letter originally written in three pages</td></tr>
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And so to speak, in reply, came the occasion when I gave him spiritual pleasure: On the afternoon of June 4, 1931, S. Dumont sailed aboard the ‘paquete’ Lutetia, thus taking him, on his last voyage to Brazil, the Air Pioneer, Santos Dumont; through the ‘paquete’, the giant Airplane D.O.X., flying a hundred meters across the sea, only six meters from the water level. We were racing safely at a hundred knots, and giving him the satisfaction of palpably checking the reach of his initial creation - flying with that machine a hundred times heavier than his "Demoiselle" of Paris. We were flying confident with those instruments, as those he had used, the chronometer and the sextant. This aerial event showed that he had foreseen everything, better than others would have done, without witnesses.<br />
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That's what I noticed, only 25 years after his public flight, definitive. "<br />
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Lisbon, 1958 - Oct. 17 Gago Coutinho</div>
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Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-76784678982189770162016-11-04T11:09:00.000-07:002016-11-04T11:20:47.867-07:00The balloons ‘Brasil’ and ‘L'Amerique’<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBD9UdnwUYlF8NKunQIsgtQra0TI6aJacLPoz5hEeA57VuGoJyToXNGEJgswRQXi5h3vvHUf_du01yZRl_MH2q8unDy7WfxYgtnKXRwhYe-bD3WfrDzqo8P8sWffzlOGCy350g01NE36K-/s1600/03_Primeiro_V_o_3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBD9UdnwUYlF8NKunQIsgtQra0TI6aJacLPoz5hEeA57VuGoJyToXNGEJgswRQXi5h3vvHUf_du01yZRl_MH2q8unDy7WfxYgtnKXRwhYe-bD3WfrDzqo8P8sWffzlOGCy350g01NE36K-/s640/03_Primeiro_V_o_3.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">First flight of Santos=Dumont with balloon manufacturers Lachambre & Machuron</td></tr>
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Soon after his first balloon flight, Santos=Dumont tried to convince the manufacturers of balloon, brothers Machuron and Lachambre, to construct a small individual balloon. It was indeed the first steps to realize his dream of performing individual flight, like the mythological Icarus.<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com.br/2016/11/os-baloes-brasil-e-lamerique.html">leia este artigo em Português </a></span><br />
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"... They’ve tried to prove me that in order to be stable a balloon, needs weight. A 100 cubic meters balloon should be more responsive to movements of an aeronaut inside of the nacelle than a large balloon of currents dimensions.<br />
<br />
In order to prevent that my movements inside the nacelle may alter the center of balance of the balloon, I’ve ordered longer strings; the result was a huge success regarding to the balance and weight distribution.<br />
<br />
When I took Mr. Lachambre my light Japanese silk, he looked at me and said, "It will be very weak." We tested it in dynamometer and the result was surprising. While China silk supports a 700 kilograms per linear meter tension, thin Japanese silk endured tension of 1,000 kg; I mean that proved to be 30 times more resistant than necessary because of the theory of tensions. The result is extraordinary considering that it weighs only 30 grams per square meter!<br />
<br />
A fact that shows how competent people can be deceived when attached to summary judgments is to say that all the balloons of my aircraft are manufactured with the same silk.<br />
<br />
In the meantime, the internal pressure that it must withstand is large, whereas all the spherical balloons are fitted at the bottom of a hole permitting it relief.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">Santos=Dumont 1st Balloon - 'Brasil' </td></tr>
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<br />
Once ready, the "Brazil" showed 113 cubic meters of capacity, which is approximately 113 square meters of silk surface. The entire involucre weighed only 3 and half kilos. Varnish layers made up that weight 14 kg.<br />
<br />
The net (filet du ballon), which often weighs 50 kilos, was not going to only 1,800 grams. The nacelle, which ordinary minimum is 30 kilos, is now just 6kg. My No. 9 had a nacelle that did not reach the 5 kilos. My "guide-rope", thin but very long because average 100 meters, weighed 8 kilos, if at all; its length gave the "Brazil" a good elasticity. I’ve replaced the anchor by a 3 kilos iron harpoon.<br />
<br />
Still, with reference to lightness in every detail, I thought the balloon, despite its small dimensions, would have enough strength to get up with my 50 kilos of weight and 30 more ballast, I got to test a tied bike to the ropes with the intention of returning to distant places to the comforts of home, but unfortunately came very close to the total balloon tare and became infeasible, only returned to do it in my second balloon the L’Amerique. And these weight conditions that made my first air travel.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW7tRuZtvf9ud7q51Oer1D6AKoOE5VhTDijlkNsmnH5r20iZwi5c5h4SLyFsrfdnFZasFX7RO4UjZdpxRXST0p-xic4Ls0StxJde71PACfep9QKCzDOye5ToHk_nGzaIaDMaU9Kuo4-soe/s1600/Bala%25CC%2583o+Brasil+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW7tRuZtvf9ud7q51Oer1D6AKoOE5VhTDijlkNsmnH5r20iZwi5c5h4SLyFsrfdnFZasFX7RO4UjZdpxRXST0p-xic4Ls0StxJde71PACfep9QKCzDOye5ToHk_nGzaIaDMaU9Kuo4-soe/s640/Bala%25CC%2583o+Brasil+2.jpg" width="480" /></span></a></td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">Balloon Brazil with filet du ballon (net used around the enclosure) </span><span style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">inside</span><span style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">- extremely ligh</span>t</div>
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On another occasion, in the presence of a curious French minister to see the smallest of spherical balloons, I almost never took ballast, 4 or 5 kilos only, and nevertheless I had a good rise.<br />
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The "Brazil" was very manageable in the air and very docile. It was, moreover, easy to pack after the descent: It wasn't a rumor spreaded that I even carried it inside a briefcase.<br />
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Before my first ascent in little "Brazil" I performed twenty-five or thirty other rises in standard spherical balloons, all alone, simultaneously captain and passenger in one person. Mr. Lachambre, who commissioned several public ascents, allowed me to do some instead. That's how I came up in several cities of France and Belgium. This attitude avoided work and uncomfortable to Mr. Lachambre, whom I reimbursed for all expenses, gave me pleasure and allowed me to practice this so-called "sport". This gentlemen's agreement pleased both of us.<br />
<br />
I doubt that without a series of studies and preliminary experiments on spherical balloon, a man get any chance of being successful with an elongated dirigible, whose management is much more delicate. Before attempting to drive an aircraft is essential to be on board of an ordinary balloon, learned the conditions of atmospheric environment, made knowledge with the wind whims, penetrated in depth the difficulties that presents the ballast problem under the triple aspect of departure air balance and landing.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRH4wkCoVJfHfRNmt63s3YShSwwH9dparyR1C3hxdvsdEtDyCCPxOfBBnkbUOpbVPsSYUEtHKgQSEo6HJ0194oKMHneKElyvs-aYIGk5r-pxNVsgEMcr3EmXS9jdIeguDUe9-QxNWw5nJx/s1600/Bala%25CC%2583o+Brasil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRH4wkCoVJfHfRNmt63s3YShSwwH9dparyR1C3hxdvsdEtDyCCPxOfBBnkbUOpbVPsSYUEtHKgQSEo6HJ0194oKMHneKElyvs-aYIGk5r-pxNVsgEMcr3EmXS9jdIeguDUe9-QxNWw5nJx/s640/Bala%25CC%2583o+Brasil.jpg" width="498" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">original balloon 'Brasil'</td></tr>
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Having maneuvered personally a spherical balloon is, in my opinion, indispensable preliminary to acquire exact notion of what entails the construction and direction of an elongated balloon, equipped with engine and propeller.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd8GYj6ufzdZuaSQQODW10rV98bVmYi1zNWdJjIGcALwtEwaHIRTaz5wDvluRQ2XZwLPL5YJdfVCVOfxHyOTsCQtsLQacmdUcpnU8bH-NxQMxcyuCht_z_pQEaBXB-qSGAlnU3b27QJNo/s1600/Brasil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhd8GYj6ufzdZuaSQQODW10rV98bVmYi1zNWdJjIGcALwtEwaHIRTaz5wDvluRQ2XZwLPL5YJdfVCVOfxHyOTsCQtsLQacmdUcpnU8bH-NxQMxcyuCht_z_pQEaBXB-qSGAlnU3b27QJNo/s640/Brasil.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">One of the balloon Brazil ascents - great friend of Dumont's the mathematician Emmanuel Aimé took his daughter to the event</td></tr>
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<br />
Notice that I manifest great surprise when I see inventors who never set foot in a nacelle, draw on paper and to execute, in whole or in part, those fantastic aircrafts with balloons cubing thousands of meters, laden with huge engines, completely unable to rise from the ground and provided with such complicated machines that will never work. The inventors of this class never expressed fear because they have absolutely no idea of the difficulties involving of this particular problem.<br />
<br />
If they had started to travel in the air blowing in the wind, facing hostile influences of atmospheric phenomena, they would understand that a dirigible balloon, to be practical, requires first of all an extremely simple mechanism. Some unfortunate builders, who paid with their lives their sad recklessness, had never made an increase in spherical balloon as captain and under his own responsibility. Most of the emulators today, so devoted to their tasks, is still under the same conditions of inexperience. This explains to me their failures. They are in the same situation that, without having ever left the land or set foot in a boat, intended to build and operate a transatlantic ship."<br />
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And then, Santos=Dumont reports the first flight of the small Balloon Brazil<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht8r37F_BtEY7VhXS5A0x-SsLtPHWccONtExs2RFJ99xkRsziKgEm3qcm3pAvnX6fZ64qfI5zR19SZxZo3TT2Sv9G0g97FdOd6xjgm99gTgBHDoC02J7ZmyJKtX7yIEomXGA7FMj7rfkrE/s1600/Santos+Dumont+voo+do+Brasil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht8r37F_BtEY7VhXS5A0x-SsLtPHWccONtExs2RFJ99xkRsziKgEm3qcm3pAvnX6fZ64qfI5zR19SZxZo3TT2Sv9G0g97FdOd6xjgm99gTgBHDoC02J7ZmyJKtX7yIEomXGA7FMj7rfkrE/s640/Santos+Dumont+voo+do+Brasil.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">People present at the inaugural flight of the balloon Brazil on July 4 1898 - Marcelle Grandcey French socialite, the painter Leopold Flammeng, Louis Krieger engineer, responsible for introducing the electric motor drive to Santos=Dumont, Emmanuel aimé among other friends</td></tr>
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"... I did not have to wait long to have a beautiful day with gentle winds, it was a Saturday morning of July 4th , 1898, my sister Virginia had come all the way from Porto city in Portugal only to witness my achievement, the balloon was already connected to the nacelle, the audience was waiting with anxiety and everything was ready, but I could not leave. I had invited Hélène de Raoul to be the maid of honor of this first flight and she was extremely late. When my impatience seemed already evident from my nervousness I see at the distance the beautiful lady accompanied by her chauffeur.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyC2d3gZFjDxhsV_Wcxr1M_r-HnQVxMlb0ekt4aZxNCOSOu20lqE7m6SrmwdnUIhyphenhyphenkN0cKugqhV4tYtOvZx13hMInuDgI8XTNKxtS5KuXiWFHTGNWUAN86JGWzB2Mdinbi0TedmRDg4McI/s1600/He%25CC%2581le%25CC%2580ne+de+Raoul+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyC2d3gZFjDxhsV_Wcxr1M_r-HnQVxMlb0ekt4aZxNCOSOu20lqE7m6SrmwdnUIhyphenhyphenkN0cKugqhV4tYtOvZx13hMInuDgI8XTNKxtS5KuXiWFHTGNWUAN86JGWzB2Mdinbi0TedmRDg4McI/s640/He%25CC%2581le%25CC%2580ne+de+Raoul+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">Hélène de Raoul maid of honor of the inaugural flight of the balloon Brazil</td></tr>
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At that moment my grief had turned immediately in great joy. Hélène justified her delay to the fact that her husband, an officer in the French army, be at the front that morning. The christening ceremony took place as planned; Hélène insisted that the balloon was baptized with her favorite champagne, Dom Perrignon. Then without further ado I took a cup and then went up into the air".<br />
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Helene was indeed very important to Dumont, and apparently, she also had great affection for him, because she ignored the jealous husband's concerns to the aviator, went to the jardin d'Acclimatation in Paris, only to take with S=D a glass of Champagne under the maiden voyage of the balloon Brazil.<br />
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<b>L'Amerique</b><br />
<br />
Dumont got tired to fly alone, and decides to make a slightly larger balloon with 9.8 meters of diameters and cubing 500 m3. He had two basic purposes with that, take passengers on board, and most importantly, thought to increase the strength ascensoral to the point of bringing a light engine and propellers, to make the first experiences with maneuverability.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHAvkVDzwgOVRLmoThWK-83tXWQmE1H8uNloxWOxwn8YZ1946irXm-Xm5EkgMozo-IHdNC-yRqFa7fWYm2AlACXK3wgKyPB0sZqCdyXvGG_d5pVbX4hZKb1XmBBcBqgH7DY_zIajSZGUdL/s1600/Lamerique.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHAvkVDzwgOVRLmoThWK-83tXWQmE1H8uNloxWOxwn8YZ1946irXm-Xm5EkgMozo-IHdNC-yRqFa7fWYm2AlACXK3wgKyPB0sZqCdyXvGG_d5pVbX4hZKb1XmBBcBqgH7DY_zIajSZGUdL/s640/Lamerique.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.800000190734863px;">Balão Esférico L'Ameirque</td></tr>
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L'Amerique made several ascents, on June 12, 1898 was in 4th place in a test drive of 325km and the first in another proof of staying longer in the air, doing extensive 22-hour flight.</div>
Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-42246618891580995642016-03-04T07:39:00.003-08:002016-04-07T20:46:05.345-07:00Japanese community is conclusive in favor of Santos Dumont vs Wright brothers, on dispute 'who gave wings to mankind'<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Japanese community is conclusive in favor of Santos Dumont vs Wright brothers, on dispute 'who gave wings to mankind'</td></tr>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
Last February 11, LIGO experiment has proved that gravitational waves exists and opened a new era of astrophysics, right?</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
- Wrong, two brothers from Dayton, OH, became the first people to prove the existence of such waves, three years ago.</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://ameobrasil.blogspot.com.br/2016/03/a-comunidade-japonesa-e-conclusiva-em.html">leia esta matéria em Português</a></span></div>
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- But they have witnesses?</div>
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- Yes, some people who were near saw it.</div>
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Today an affirmation as these would be considered ridiculous, misplaced and with total lack of criteria - an absurd, but it was exactly what happened to Santos-Dumont.</div>
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The morning of November 12th 1906 the world was in ecstasy, for the first time the man was able to achieve the maximum dream, flying with a self-powered machine heavier-than-air in the presence of the scientific community, reporters from various countries of the world and many more hundreds of people.</div>
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Some days later, American media frivolously discredited him by saying that brothers from Dayton, OH had already flown three years before Mr. Dumont, in the presence of 4 or 5 passers-by.</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
Santos-Dumont has devoted much of his life to the flight, thoroughly studied the birds and the dynamics of flight, flew in several balloons baskets, airships designed by him in 15 years of research, created 14 previous inventions until he could effectively fly that day.</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
But for the sake of history, Japanese community is very careful and devoted to judicious affirmations and is from Japan that comes the rescue of truth.</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
The last edition of AGORA, a magazine for top executives distributed to passengers with a particularly high usage rate from among JAL passengers annually, brings an extensive article that describes the amazing truth about Santos=Dumont’s life, and about the historical distortions that led the Wright Brothers to the improper glory, and thrown Santos-Dumont to oblivion.</div>
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But now, things start to change, the article leaves no doubt:</div>
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“...What really made Santos-Dumont best known all over the world, was his performances in 1906 in the Bois de Boulogne with a funny powered kite-shaped airplane, named (Bis). He flew 60 meters. (The flight of Santos-Dumont was done in front of thousands of witnesses, including scientists and newspaper reporters, whereas the flight 1903 of Wright brothers was attended by only five common people).</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmQNWER1qiZLkNDOXYs5_ZLW_qXkZlv8JuRnxYZg0y9cwdWSMbRZ2IhKJGV82-UMCNalDq0JBZo5Y2jaDeLhAXgoBsRTrA7MHhYkcdE5CuHaSJGcmhPUQBA0_08CVKeT9kgbj8IuKXcHk_/s1600/SD+vc+WRIGHT+4+JP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmQNWER1qiZLkNDOXYs5_ZLW_qXkZlv8JuRnxYZg0y9cwdWSMbRZ2IhKJGV82-UMCNalDq0JBZo5Y2jaDeLhAXgoBsRTrA7MHhYkcdE5CuHaSJGcmhPUQBA0_08CVKeT9kgbj8IuKXcHk_/s640/SD+vc+WRIGHT+4+JP.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Santos=Dumont Club - history of the the man who gave wings to mankind - Santos=Dumont</td></tr>
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Thus, Santos-Dumont becomes adored as the first man to achieve the biggest dream of humanity,</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
'No, the first fly the skies with a precarious flying machine were the Wright brothers, for that no one would have the good sense to question about'</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
This hypothetical "historical fact" is what erroneously remains in people's minds of the XXI century around the world. But "good sense" confirms that the first to have won the heavens was the Brazilian citizen living in Paris, Alberto Santos-Dumont.</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
If 100 years ago, or more, you asked someone anywhere in the world, even in crowded streets of Ginza, "Do you know who Santos-Dumont is?", People probably would say yes. Today perhaps some people might remember him, just because the famous series 'Cartier Santos watches' (in fact, the watch was originally conceived to allow Santos-Dumont to monitor time while maneuvering his dirigible, it was presented by his dear friend, Louis Cartier).</div>
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<div style="text-align: start;">
What remains is that bad feeling that Santos-Dumont is another orphan child left in the immense darkness of history.”</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibitbV-X915e1lDnj37Z86BiFemV0mZdx9XGyW1-JVvUM7_8mjK9a0Cg21lm2COWg8zo5rGYlhzq7cQuMbHJ7bs9IqxWJaZog7TlglAJ3taeZ30zR1tPSrgsdGDqu8rEM58oikeWf7k4yN/s1600/SD+vc+WRIGHT+7+JP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibitbV-X915e1lDnj37Z86BiFemV0mZdx9XGyW1-JVvUM7_8mjK9a0Cg21lm2COWg8zo5rGYlhzq7cQuMbHJ7bs9IqxWJaZog7TlglAJ3taeZ30zR1tPSrgsdGDqu8rEM58oikeWf7k4yN/s640/SD+vc+WRIGHT+7+JP.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Some other Japanese Magazines about Santos=Dumont</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Original article, written in Japanese</div>
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彼の名をさらに世界に知ら しめたのは〇六年一〇月二二日、 ブーローニュの森で箱型凧のよう な奇妙な形の動力付飛行機『 bis』でやってのけた約六〇メ ートルの飛行だった。</div>
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この時、世界はまだライト兄弟のライト・フライヤー号による〇三年の飛行成 功を知らない(サントス デュモ ンの飛行が科学者や新聞記者を含 む何千人という証人の前で成され た一方、ライト兄弟のそれを見た のはわずか五人の一般人だった)。</div>
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為に、サントス デュモンは人類 の夢を叶えた男として大いにもて はやされ、時代の寵児となる。</div>
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行機で空を飛んだのはア メリカのライト兄弟である──こ れは誰も異論を差し挟むことのな い常識だろう。けれども、二〇世 紀初頭のある時期、世界の大方の 人々が信じていたのは別の「歴史 的事実」だった。当時の「常識」に よれば、最初に空を制したのはパ リに住むブラジル人、アルベルト・ サントス デュモンである。</div>
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その頃から一〇〇余年を経た今 日、例えば東京・銀座の街角で一 〇〇〇人に「サントス デュモン を知っていますか?」と訊いて、 いったい何人がイエスと答えるだ ろう? もしかしたら、数人の時 計好きがカルティエのサントス・ ウォッチのことを思い出すかもし れない(その腕時計は、元々ルイ・ カルティエが畏友サントス デュ モンのために、飛行船操縦の時に 便利なようにと考案したものだっ た)。</div>
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こと ほ ど さ よ う に サ ン ト スデュモンの名は歴史の暗がりの 中に置き去りにされてしまった感 がある。</div>
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The Japanese have always given due weight to history and the achievements of Santos-Dumont. In 1976 there was a club exclusively dedicated to the aviation pioneer his noble memory.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNw6eqqoLl-MUiM_7w9pYwk1t4tBevm-IIbRoWm5ARpzShhUhR3d70iIgqcR2i_EipKRydCYdC99Ql9cqyty2lDAOhrujZUDwnU28MDVwLmZqiZ3WguWJ9NE7n1_QOWh3Cu6hG8GQwmhI6/s1600/SD+vc+WRIGHT+2+JP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNw6eqqoLl-MUiM_7w9pYwk1t4tBevm-IIbRoWm5ARpzShhUhR3d70iIgqcR2i_EipKRydCYdC99Ql9cqyty2lDAOhrujZUDwnU28MDVwLmZqiZ3WguWJ9NE7n1_QOWh3Cu6hG8GQwmhI6/s640/SD+vc+WRIGHT+2+JP.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Santos=Dumont Club - Japan 1976</td></tr>
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Led by Master Morita, the club was known for foster interchange of information between the Foundation Santos-Dumont, administrated at that time by deputy president, Fernando E. Lee.</div>
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In 2004, while researching the real history of human flight discovery, two magazines published articles about the life of Santos=Dumont, the Seven Seas magazine dedicated to luxury consumers and members of the Seven Seas Club, which features 45 pages with wonderful photos showing places frequented by Santos=Dumont in Brazil and in the world and a special edition of 世界の腕時計. (The World of watches), both deal with how Santos-Dumont, a creative genius, elegant man who makes insightful research comes inventing the heavier-than-air in a thorough inventive process, but falling in the days public oblivion today, then I transcribe the text of The World of watches.</div>
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“...At October 22, 1906, a bizarre shaped flight machine, such as a box kite took off in the gardens of the Bois de Boulogne in Paris, and flew 60m.</div>
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It was a huge success in Europe's when the first powered flight took place. Designed and maneuvered by Santos-Dumont, the bamboo flying machine had a wingspan of 12m, total length 10m, all covered with Japanese-made silk, the canard style airship called 14-bis (bis means "again”, because it was the 14th attempt to construct a flying machine, completely designed and tested by him).</div>
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Three weeks later he flew 100m with the same airship, and was awarded with the Archdeacon prize, to be given for "the one who first fly an aircraft heavier than air, for more than 100m”.</div>
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But then, the Wright Brothers arrived announcing that they had already flown, on December 17, 1903 in the United States, a successful flight of 12 seconds in the light ‘Flyer1’, at the presence of observers. And thus, Santos-Dumont lost the honor to be the world's first to fly).</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6Uz3MxsxFoMppEghpN285biZkCjk7udGdPRJDhfhv636vT-a9my2AbMLcD2BrJvx6FxZ0QimBbkfI3S0dW-etNjTIPkRj4NL-DVzX0LKhFgg4zpC6bHbs4tnJvosKySLxTvT2CiJgCgCl/s1600/SD+Flying+Hat+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6Uz3MxsxFoMppEghpN285biZkCjk7udGdPRJDhfhv636vT-a9my2AbMLcD2BrJvx6FxZ0QimBbkfI3S0dW-etNjTIPkRj4NL-DVzX0LKhFgg4zpC6bHbs4tnJvosKySLxTvT2CiJgCgCl/s640/SD+Flying+Hat+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Team of Masako Mori and Professor Ricardo Magalhaes, doing their research at S=D museum in Petrópolis</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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Santos-Dumont has emigrated to Paris in 1891, he was a stylished dressed, small statured man who divided his time in car races and dinners in first-class restaurants, and he had always shown great interest in flying through the skies. In 1898 he drifted in empty space, with his first, small balloon, designed by him. After this first invention, he has conceived 14 more flying machines, 10 of them were dirigibles, with the dirigible No 6, and he was the first man to maneuver a dirigible, in a pre-determined route around the Eiffel Tower, in limited time and by this, won the Deutsch Prize. After that he has designed 4 more airplanes, until reach the success in flying with his14-Bis. In 1907 he hits his peak with the invention of his last airplane, with a full-length of 8m, the “Demoiselle”, was both elegant and delicate.”</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL-576vsCtid1z-gvBi6ap-JV3Xdsiws7oMhL-1wjFIoMHQrC5Ta_One7MoVQhqOcFqakMfCwNzDi-TbCW6GY7spzbvhNl8Z7sHwPGnuqcE3jS7I5zdmBfUfyFtAhHQq8g5Ly_qrjIg1Ss/s1600/SD+vc+WRIGHT+3+JP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL-576vsCtid1z-gvBi6ap-JV3Xdsiws7oMhL-1wjFIoMHQrC5Ta_One7MoVQhqOcFqakMfCwNzDi-TbCW6GY7spzbvhNl8Z7sHwPGnuqcE3jS7I5zdmBfUfyFtAhHQq8g5Ly_qrjIg1Ss/s640/SD+vc+WRIGHT+3+JP.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">世界 の 腕時計. (World of Watches) on Cartier Santos Watches </td></tr>
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1906 10 月 22 日、 パリ · ブローニュ の 森で箱凧のような 奇怪 な 形の飛行機械が飛び立ち 、 60mを飛行した 。</div>
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ヨーロッパ 初の動力飛行の成功だった。 操縦するの は設計者でもあるサ・ントス - デュモン 、 飛行機械は竹と日本製 シルクで作られた 翼幅 12m 、 全長 10 m 、 先尾翼機14- ビス ( ビスとは "再び の 意で, 彼 は テスト機 14号篠を設計 し ていた)。 それから 3 週間後 、 彼 は 同じ機体で100 m を飛行 し 、「初めて重航空機で100m を飛行した者」 に与え られた アルクデアコン賞 を受賞した。 しかし 1903 年12月17日に アメ リカで ライト兄弟が ライトフライヤ 1で12秒の 飛行に成功したことが後 に認められ 、 世界初の栄誉 は 逃してしまう。</div>
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1891年、パリに移住したサントス-デュモンは 小粋な身なりをした社交界の新参者であった。 自動車 レースに出たり 、 一流レストランで食事を したりと遊んではいたが 、 彼 のいちばんの興味は空を飛ぶこと。 1898 年には自ら設計した 小型気球 「 ブラジル号 」 でパリの 空を漂った。その後、 14- ビスまでに 10機の飛行船を設計したが 、 なかでも6号機は制限時間内にエッフェル 塔を周回し 、 ドゥーチ 賞を 獲得した 。 14-ビス後、 4機の飛行機を設計した、 いずれも失敗に終わってしまう。 そして 1907年 、最後に設計した全長 8m の華奢で優美な姿の 「 ドゥモアゼル 」 が 飛び上がった。</div>
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'Unsolved mysteries' and 'rewriting the history of aviation'</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhXUjsuCwxAoKnPnIiVmGBOmyz7afWMDcuc37potGLhveqO_u3CbHqGP5qoqd_HSN349XFnmhIP-iu7qYoG1TlgamJXi7BZfJx6JKeVC2NrWZak0HgC2kbLGQ_fvxiFCGXnx9koiNEA7u9/s1600/Brasil+Japa%25CC%2583o+Luiz+Pagano+Ricardo+Magalha%25CC%2583es+e+Masao+Kawanami.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="638" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhXUjsuCwxAoKnPnIiVmGBOmyz7afWMDcuc37potGLhveqO_u3CbHqGP5qoqd_HSN349XFnmhIP-iu7qYoG1TlgamJXi7BZfJx6JKeVC2NrWZak0HgC2kbLGQ_fvxiFCGXnx9koiNEA7u9/s640/Brasil+Japa%25CC%2583o+Luiz+Pagano+Ricardo+Magalha%25CC%2583es+e+Masao+Kawanami.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Japanese community has always had great expressiveness in the Brazilian Aviation, Brazil has the largest Japanese community outside Japan - Ricardo Magalhaes - vice president of the Institute A. Santos Dumont, Luiz Pagano - blogger of Santos-Dumont and the first Japanese descent who reached the highest rank of the institution, Lieutenant-Brigadier of the Air Masao Kawanami - at back, Japanese garden and plaque honoring Japanese-Brazilian community at Medical Center/Hospital Sao Paulo Air Force Base</td></tr>
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Why public opinion worldwide has decided to adopt the brothers’ and to abandon Santos-Dumont?</div>
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To answer this question, I invite the reader to make a more thorough investigation. Nonetheless, I venture to say that the beginning of the century was a time of great discoveries, the supremacy of the countries was evaluated by the way they presented their inventions in world fairs. The United States of America were the inventors of marketing and have always dominated the state propaganda - Why then a man belonging to an unexpressive country, of a newly liberated colony of Portugal, would be entitled to primacy of the flight?</div>
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Publications mentioned in this article</div>
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Agora Magazine – february 27th, 2016 (March issue/16)</div>
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Publishing House - JAPAN AIRLINES CO. LTD</div>
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40-8637 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Higashi 2-4-11</div>
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Report 堀 雅子 (Masako Hori)</div>
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Jornalist Yasuyuki Ukieta, </div>
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Photographer Taisuke Yoshida</div>
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日本 サントス · ドゥモン クラブ -1976</div>
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Santos=Dumont Club Japan</div>
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Directed by Master Morita, in Japan </div>
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Technical partner in Brazil Fernando E. Lee - VP in exercise of the Santos=Dumont Foundation</div>
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Magazine 世界の腕時計 (The World of Watches) – august 20th 2004 </div>
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# 70</div>
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Editorial & Corporate Headquarter 3-39-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-8551 Japan </div>
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Publisher: KESAHARO IMAI</div>
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Editor in Chief TOMOKO KAYAMA</div>
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Seven Seas Magazine (セブン シーズ) – July 7th, 2004 </div>
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# 191</div>
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International Luxury Media and Club Seven Seas</div>
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Publisher: International Luxury Media</div>
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Copyright(c) 2002-2016 Fujisan Magazine Service Co., Ltd. </div>
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Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-51977157920068104202014-11-03T15:13:00.000-08:002014-11-03T15:19:29.350-08:00Speculations on the mechanics of airships of Santos=Dumont - Propeller Shaft and Rudder<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuLrBQWeoQcqhlaeQ4SrKOJLvkfMTvdeWEPC-qa-W1orZIwo5ufGsktwHHioc9Jcqino60XaNul7P0DMxnJ1q-miQ5uTl93KrYtBpasw-zNnDCjUkCaK268ivh7rzOp9aVUia0Dxsc4OI/s1600/Foto+do+Leme_He%CC%81lice.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuLrBQWeoQcqhlaeQ4SrKOJLvkfMTvdeWEPC-qa-W1orZIwo5ufGsktwHHioc9Jcqino60XaNul7P0DMxnJ1q-miQ5uTl93KrYtBpasw-zNnDCjUkCaK268ivh7rzOp9aVUia0Dxsc4OI/s1600/Foto+do+Leme_He%CC%81lice.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In this photo we see the stern of No. 6</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The researchers of
Santos = Dumont knows well the episode of Bénerville
(<a href="http://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com.br/2011/06/santosdumont-erases-part-of-his-history.html">http://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com.br/2011/06/santosdumont-erases-part-of-his-history.html</a>)
in which Santos=Dumont set fire in all his projects, leaving us only with our
assumptions, some texts and photos to fathom the workings of his inventions.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com.br/2014/11/especulacoes-sobre-o-funcionamento-dos.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The only way to
reconstruct his mechanics are doing a composition of texts written by him, with
a deep analysis of old photos and then to extrapolate the remainder from pure
logic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">One of the adaptations
that raises more questions is how the bottom part of the helm of dirigibles No.
6 and No. 9, appear to be connected directly to the propeller shaft. We see old
photos and we get scared when realizing that the rudder cables seem to come
straight from the spinning axis of the helices, which, of course would be
impossible.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFAoxImIdWa1U0tqV1wKV_Jn-kLsUKfe_YtQZgGtXzfo8I5BhngxPvD7zBDZPXDJbDJXWttiHH9zlHhnbR_7DrVverRtjT1Vw6YOss2eXELkDw01lhlh3PQUQBJVyHfdEk7DDQZvzk9uA/s1600/estudo+do+Leme_He%CC%81lice.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFAoxImIdWa1U0tqV1wKV_Jn-kLsUKfe_YtQZgGtXzfo8I5BhngxPvD7zBDZPXDJbDJXWttiHH9zlHhnbR_7DrVverRtjT1Vw6YOss2eXELkDw01lhlh3PQUQBJVyHfdEk7DDQZvzk9uA/s1600/estudo+do+Leme_He%CC%81lice.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Here the stern has its parts was transferred to a software, so that we can study each function separately.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Once you have eliminated
the impossible, like the character of Arthur Conan Doyle, Sherlock Holmes does,
we set out to the unlikely however plausible alternatives. In the case of
Santos=Dumont, the word 'unlikely' should be replaced to 'elegant solutions'.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">That said, we reached
the conclusion that the only way for the rudder cables not curl all around the
propeller shaft would be that the dirigibles mentioned, would use something
equivalent to a "tube-in-tube 'system. A tubular external shaft that
supports the helix, would rotate freely around a internal and thin shaft, firmly
connected to the nacelle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjctTTZ074YXp4xwJVG7XK41V51K0sX6PYpPcJbHIBTPdrDBo2N6mvCkJ8AwUkfWEmNXLsTILozSwYJat-wVodlb-Q7ccOq-zCQ6LB2Jzcli3BH3jLUJbcPl5r5IrTOHYpCQMEIRsY8vOA/s1600/study+rudder+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjctTTZ074YXp4xwJVG7XK41V51K0sX6PYpPcJbHIBTPdrDBo2N6mvCkJ8AwUkfWEmNXLsTILozSwYJat-wVodlb-Q7ccOq-zCQ6LB2Jzcli3BH3jLUJbcPl5r5IrTOHYpCQMEIRsY8vOA/s1600/study+rudder+3.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In this photo we isolated even more the important parts, in order to know how the inner shaft, fixed to the nacelle, holds the rudder cables.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Once formulated this
theory, I pick up a photo of the back of a dirigible, I designed structures
over the photo and extrapolated the 'tube-in-tube' system. The result was
astonishing. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWgukDjEgmeex5Kg6gTLQnaK_A_fbq8yDqIAcWEPjieSJ8XDaWWiRAvAuOP1t5gDXcMq9UuXGLRZP4m2A5Q1zpPLoXJD1eZ6P_zFGAeYUgKnQORFUVvN7NN7CDDUyr9urR6fv88_VTgck/s1600/Tube+in+tube+system.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWgukDjEgmeex5Kg6gTLQnaK_A_fbq8yDqIAcWEPjieSJ8XDaWWiRAvAuOP1t5gDXcMq9UuXGLRZP4m2A5Q1zpPLoXJD1eZ6P_zFGAeYUgKnQORFUVvN7NN7CDDUyr9urR6fv88_VTgck/s1600/Tube+in+tube+system.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In this diagram, we understand even better how the 'tube-in-tube' system works, the outer shaft has at its tip a large cogwheel that spins around the inner shaft, fixed to the nacelle, triggered by the small cogwheel, whose axis comes directly from the engine.</td></tr>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></div>
Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-56658886709564114852014-07-25T08:23:00.001-07:002015-09-13T07:35:48.106-07:00Luiz Pagano receives the medal 'Merit of Cabangu'<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc5QcWs0oq4xhoGHx3QAtVDJPPkQpjrKQ2NqA1XoQlA0cuyjfrk1ewX5GrTTj6cEwh6RKUwR36hmFrqo_g4o0sAHvtlvV3jve8_aNbbjKZShtgXp3QHvopzBuLpHARNm8ioIMVV6aflUJ0/s1600/Luiz+Pagano+recebe+a+medalha+merito+de+Cabangu+de+Tomas+Castelo+Branco.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc5QcWs0oq4xhoGHx3QAtVDJPPkQpjrKQ2NqA1XoQlA0cuyjfrk1ewX5GrTTj6cEwh6RKUwR36hmFrqo_g4o0sAHvtlvV3jve8_aNbbjKZShtgXp3QHvopzBuLpHARNm8ioIMVV6aflUJ0/s1600/Luiz+Pagano+recebe+a+medalha+merito+de+Cabangu+de+Tomas+Castelo+Branco.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Luiz Pagano receives the medal 'Mérito de Cabangú (Merit of Cabangu) from the hands of Mr. Tomás Castelo Branco</td></tr>
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This Friday I had the great honor to receive the medal "Merit of Cabangu" for my work to preserve, disseminate and improve the memory Santos=Dumont (my work could be seen on this blog).<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com.br/2014/07/luiz-pagano-recebe-medalha-merito-de.html">leia este artigo em Português</a></span><br />
<br />
The ceremony took place on July 18, 2014, at the Farm Cabangu in a city called Santos Dumont, in the estate of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was the event tha would celebrate the 141st anniversary of Santos=Dumont birth by Cabangu House Foundation, by the patron Jorge Henrique Dumont Dodsworth, the Preparatory School of the Air Cadets and the Municipality of Santos Dumont - MG. At the ceremony it were handed medals "Merit of Cabangu" and "Merit Santos=Durnont".</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Luiz Pagano and Jane Bieringuer in Cabangu – MG</td></tr>
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The Medal "Merit of Cabangu" was established on April 2, 2005, for the commemoration on birth of Alberto Santos Dumont, on July 20th, 1873 in Cabangu Farm. Was created to distinguish people who have contributed to the preservation, promotion and enhancement of the "Museu Casa Natal de Santos=Dumont" (The Homeland museum of Santos=Dumont). The Medal "Santos Dumont Merit" was established by the Air Ministry Decree No. 39,905 of September 5, 1956 in honor of Alberto Santos=Dumont, in celebration of the 1st flight of the 14 Bis. Brazilian Air Force awards the distinction to citizens who have become entitled to receive the honors.<br />
<br />
On the moment of my arrival I was kindly received by Mrs. Monica and Mr. Tomás Castelo Branco, coordinators of Cabangu House Foundation, and trustees of the namesake museum, amidst a band and military buglers, I was invited to take my place in grandstand.<br />
<br />
The ceremony began exactly 10 o'clock in the morning with military honors and homage to the Patron of the Air Force, The Air Marshal Alberto Santos=Dumont, then they entered into a military formation, in order to begin the reading of the official agenda by the Commander of the Air Force, we sang the Aviators Anthem, and finally the ceremony of delivering of medals, made by Mr. Tomas Castelo Branco<br />
<br />
Among medal recipients of this year, was the astronomer of the Astronomical Observatory of the city of Piracicaba (state of São Paulo), Travnik Nelson, author of the first photograph of the crater on the Moon named after Brazilian Santos=Dumont, taken in 2006, the year of celebrations of the 100th anniversary of the flight of the 14-Bis.<br />
<br />
Other recipients of the medal in previous years were Dr. Henrique Lins de Barros, researcher and biographer of Santos=Dumont with several published works, João Luís Musa photographer who restored and published awesome new photos Aviator and also great biographer Mrs Laurete Godoy , author of seven books on aviation and on Greek mythology.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Luiz Pagano receives the medal 'Merit of Cabangu' - With high collar, Cartier Santos and hat S=D style</td></tr>
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At the end of the medal delivering ceremony, I along with the other holders of medals, which had gone out of military formation to stand at the right side of Brazilian Flag, returned to our seats in the grandstand for the hearing, in my opinion, one of the most exciting moment of the day, when Tomás told us the story of Cabangu Museum.<br />
<br />
Very few people knows that the idea of building the museum, as well as the decision to change the name of the city came on the very same day of the death of aviator (July 23rd, 2932). The name changed in a quickly decision, on July 31, 1932, by the state decree n ° 10.447, the city was no longer called Palmyra in order to become Santos Dumont, but, in other hand, the creation of the museum still follows a much more difficult path.<br />
<br />
A few days after the death of aviator in 1932, some citizens of Palmyra decided to go check on his home and became very sad to see the dilapidated state of the house, inhabited by squatters, with belongings and documents scattered all over the place. They immediately expelled the invaders and proceeded to the guardianship of existing goods in house of Cabangu.<br />
<br />
The statute of the museum was not written until February 9, 1949, but the harsh struggles to protect the house and farm of Santos=Dumont seemed to be an ungrateful task. Without any help from any government agency, the foundation has only had her first visit of the Air Ministry on 23 October 1952, which started to pay attention to the historical legacy.<br />
<br />
In order to celebrate the centenary of the birth of the aviator, in 1973, it was created the National Commission for the Commemoration of the Air Force, then graduated from the House Museum of Santos=Dumont and even a road was built to connect the museum to the road BR 499.<br />
<br />
Finally in 2006 the museum received the first help from Federal Government and a headquarters was built. The dream of Alberto Santos=Dumont, who made clear the intention to transform the farmhouse into a museum, began to take its first steps.<br />
<br />
According to Mr. Tomás, there is still much to be done, and he (like me) hopes one day to see our country giving the due weight to our historical legacy of Santos=Dumont, and other important figures of our history.</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ1VBTeHFAu-HyKlGcZMMDgCCNnMYg37Ltv3USOf0hBg_pdRQCExvLSeySEM_phIBEa956T7Kk3FRysnclOBxLzYzp_trjEwd6P9AEp7locPMXGTFYdfDaJDG7cukxQdOEnA8ArsgmUDME/s1600/medalha+merito+de+Cabangu.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ1VBTeHFAu-HyKlGcZMMDgCCNnMYg37Ltv3USOf0hBg_pdRQCExvLSeySEM_phIBEa956T7Kk3FRysnclOBxLzYzp_trjEwd6P9AEp7locPMXGTFYdfDaJDG7cukxQdOEnA8ArsgmUDME/s1600/medalha+merito+de+Cabangu.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Officials entered into military formation, in order to begin the reading of the official agenda by the Commander of the Air Force, we sang the Aviators Anthem and the event ended with the ceremony of delivering the medals, made by Mr. Tomas Castelo Branco</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
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<span style="text-align: center;">Below, the Aviators Anthem Lyrics in Portuguese</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR">Vamos filhos altivos dos ares</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Nosso vôo ousado alçar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Sobre campos, cidades e mares</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Vamos nuvens e céus enfrentar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">D´astro rei desafiamos os cimos</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Bandeirantes audazes do azul</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Às estrelas de noite subimos</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Para orar ao Cruzeiro do Sul</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Contato, companheiros !</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Ao vento sobranceiros</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Lancemos o roncar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Da hélice a girar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Mas se explode o corisco no espaço</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Ou a metralha na guerra rugir</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Cavaleiros do século do aço</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Não nos faz o perigo fugir</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Não importa a tocaia da morte</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Pois que a pátria dos céus o altar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Sempre erguemos de ânimo forte</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">O holocausto da vida a voar</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Contato, companheiros !</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Ao vento sobranceiros</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Lancemos o roncar</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="PT-BR">Da hélice a girar</span></div>
Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-85634755946446286162014-05-27T18:23:00.003-07:002022-11-10T03:39:52.229-08:00Santos=Dumont - Father of 'Post-scarcity Prospenomics Philosophy'<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuZmpYoQuL66quUiw1Je6LUqea927KAmkUS3649qoNNj7uwxWz5YdsAJ-pDGCwmz1XYFCurIEqiROwpGw911cGLTHhY0iDaJ5eJNsPJy1InVyFGeXvWF0htFUe0mtVNYDS3M5mR-fUGXp6/s1600/Materia+s+sd+no+new+york+evening+journal+30+02+1902.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="464" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuZmpYoQuL66quUiw1Je6LUqea927KAmkUS3649qoNNj7uwxWz5YdsAJ-pDGCwmz1XYFCurIEqiROwpGw911cGLTHhY0iDaJ5eJNsPJy1InVyFGeXvWF0htFUe0mtVNYDS3M5mR-fUGXp6/s1600/Materia+s+sd+no+new+york+evening+journal+30+02+1902.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The idea of Santos=Dumont
to share knowledge, without any compromise with patent laws, focusing only the
sole purpose of conquering the flight, certainly caused the anticipation of discovering
of the aircraft to the beginning of the 20th century. But was also the great
cause of the misinterpretation of Americans conferring to the Wright brothers' the
status of inventors of the airplane.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><a href="http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com.br/2014/05/santosdumont-pai-da-filosofia-pos.html">leia esta matéria em Português</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Santos=Dumont
anticipated the 'wiki' philosophy for over 100 years, in which all the information
about an invention, in a specific development process, are placed at the
disposal of everybody, in order to multiply the chances of advancement -
opening opportunities to a greater number of people involved in the issue, aiming
the final creation of such invention (the term 'wiki' to designate this phenomenon
appears today in the Wikipedia site and also in the book "Wikinomics"
by Anthony D. Williams and Don Tapscott ) - <a href="http://santosdumontlife.blogspot.com.br/2012/03/tom-edison-airships-talk-with-santos.html">know more about Santos=Dumont father of wiki philosophy</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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What is known today as
<a href="http://postscarcityblog.blogspot.com.br/">"philosophy of post-scarcity"</a> was also created by Santos=Dumont ( <a href="economic/political science which Luiz Pagano, the writer of this blog, has updated and modified to a doctrine and onomics that is starting to getting on called PROSPENOMICS - learn more">economic/political science which Luiz Pagano, the writer of this blog, has updated and modified to a doctrine and onomics that is starting to getting on called PROSPENOMICS - learn more</a>) - but
today the term 'post-scarcity' is still taken more like science fiction, than a
science.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The process of
invention/creation through the method of 'post-scarcity' implies in using full
mental devotion, seeking to resolve the issues, concerning the stages of
creation, taking into consideration that "we can find in nature any and
all recourse in order to resolve any and all issue".<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The 'post-scarcity' is
the method in which the profound observation of nature, combined with the most
perfect use of the creative mind, allows to test all possibilities to the
exhaustion, in order to obtain the invention of something in its best form.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span>
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">- scarcity ends at the time when realize the unlimited nature of resources that we consider, in ignorance, as scarce. -</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">As the name says, the
method of 'post-scarcity' also implies in measuring well the use these
resources to avoid waste and misuse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">See the following
article in which Santos=Dumont presents the use of "aeroplanes " as
part of the solution for the development of a dirigible designed to carry
passengers, such as an air bus, and draw your own conclusions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy9scHgCIPfjlfnvSdntNDnDuG_rCjOUAPHqcFa2gLmMPfwVyMUlIy-jRUbtutIAmQOjnfiVk1wJZEj-SXxaHNdC9WL6-v-aVZ9Uj7WB6tquJ47p5F0aE8w25Sf5jd5fR8GDHFRFyuFCUL/s1600/SD+N+10+Blk.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy9scHgCIPfjlfnvSdntNDnDuG_rCjOUAPHqcFa2gLmMPfwVyMUlIy-jRUbtutIAmQOjnfiVk1wJZEj-SXxaHNdC9WL6-v-aVZ9Uj7WB6tquJ47p5F0aE8w25Sf5jd5fR8GDHFRFyuFCUL/s1600/SD+N+10+Blk.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Dirigible Santos=Dumont n.10 - "The Bus" with its "aeroplanes"</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Evening Journal
Artist, Coffin, Interviews Inventor and Explains His Ideas - July 30, 1902<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">By G. A Coffin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Nerve, intellectual
and physical.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">That is the impression
you receive in talking with Santos-Dumont, the Brazilian aeronaut. He is a
fatalist. Generally speaking, navigators of the air will avail themselves of
every safeguard in their dangerous undertakings, but M. Santos trusts entirely
to his airship, discarding the parachute and merely says, with expensive shrug,
when the possibility of an accident during his flight is broached:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">“Well then, it is all
over.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In discussing aerial
navigation, M. Santos is rather cuscreative, He admits that the only way to
carry passengers is an airship is by enormously increasing the size of the
balloon and that of course makes it more unwieldy in unfavorable weather.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The limit of buoyancy
or lifting power has been practically reached by using hydrogen gas for
inflations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Theoretically it might
be possible to obtain a gas that would give an increased lifting power. The
increased power would be small and the cost large. But the saving would be so
doubtful and the results so small that it is useless to figure on it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">So like everyone else
who has studied the subject. M. Santos will find that he must delve in other
direction seeking assistance from some other source.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">His Latest Experiment<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">He informed me that
his balloon “dips” during flights. It rocks as though it were riding a swell of
the ocean. In order to partially rectify this tendency the young aeronaut has
planed two partitions in his balloon, which divide the gasbag into three
compartments. The surfaces of the partitions are not varnished, are holed and
porous, permitting the gas to percolate or pass slowly through, thus avoiding
the evils of gas displacement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">To make his airship
absolutely steady M. Santos is about to add a number of aeroplanes to the
framework. They are simple frames of some light but strong material. Bamboo or
aluminum, on which, light silk is stretched. The adjustment of these at the
will of the operator will prove efficacious in giving greater control of the
airship.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This departure by
Santos-Dumont would seem to indicate no very radical change in construction but
in reality it is a noteworthy alteration of his design.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The young Brazilian,
to some, may seem a very narrow man, but to me his ability to see things one
side only appears as the result of that supreme quality which every successful
man possesses, namely, concentration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Takes One Thing at a
Time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">He looks at things
from one point of view merely as a microscope searches for one small part of an
object. He has devoted himself to the balloon part of his airship and has
exhausted the subject and so turns to some other phase in the construction of
vehicles of aerial navigation. He finds his attention centered in aeroplanes
and for a time he will see nothing but these planes. He will learn all there is
to be learned and put the practical use his knowledge and then divert it to
some other phase and slowly but surely will arrive at practical results that
the whole world will appreciate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">I think that when he
fully realizes the lifting power of aeroplanes he will add great many of them
to his future airship, and discovering that they undoubtedly add greatly to the
lifting power he will eventually be able to construct a ship to carry a number
of passengers without increasing the size o the present balloon. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Another thing that
would greatly assist in his work of navigating the air is the possibility of
liquefying hydrogen. If this can be done on a commercial basis, M. Santos will
merely have to carry a few small receptacles containing liquid hydrogen, and be
releasing a small quantity at a time can keep the balloon filled. There are, of
course, difficulties in the way of even this, but they doubtless will be
overcome, as have others before them.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br /></span>
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">-----------</span><br />
<span lang="PT-BR"><i><br /></i></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi00JzA97CpFBju9WqPd0y3uxYFBwwzUmPTfBtHXYWeOYzEByxUq5372fqHD8sPh6zFZRJ1WG7FgGk5S2dSH0_yLYwCYMFxpC7w5l0JQzMkq5atV6XuYg1TLjraZfd-e-F3oFJmESEvH6BO/s1600/familia.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi00JzA97CpFBju9WqPd0y3uxYFBwwzUmPTfBtHXYWeOYzEByxUq5372fqHD8sPh6zFZRJ1WG7FgGk5S2dSH0_yLYwCYMFxpC7w5l0JQzMkq5atV6XuYg1TLjraZfd-e-F3oFJmESEvH6BO/s1600/familia.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">The 'family' inventions of Santos = Dumont - his own drawing, January 8, 1929</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Logic of
the inventive process of Santos=Dumont <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">
"The man is unable to fly" - that line that was constantly heard by
Santos=Dumont, but it did not discourage him. He knew that the flight was
plausible, all he had to do was to abstract the concept of impossibility. In
his mind there was no shortage of resources, quite the contrary, S=D tested a
huge range of real possibilities of flight.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">These were
the steps taken by Santos=Dumont for his inventions, note that as nature does,
he did not jump from one invention to another. Every discovery was the result
of a process of reasoning (by a privileged mind) applied to practical
situations in a sequence of impeccable logic. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://santosdumontlife.blogspot.ca/2011/06/inventions-of-santosdumont-to-first.html">(See thechronological order inventions of Santos = Dumont) </a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">1 - He
determined that the invention of the airplane, the flight of heavier than air,
was possible, since the birds, insects and other animals’ flies; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">2 - He began
his inventive process from technology in hand, undirigible balloons and steam
engines; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">3 - He
questioned the use of oil engine and step-by-step invented the dirigibility of
balloons;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">4 - His
invention evolved following a logical order of inventions to improve his
airship to the state of the art;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">5 - He
started experimenting with heavier than air, studied the fluctuation of heavier
than air with the help of displacement and handling (n.11 and n.14), and in
tests in the water (n. 18 );<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">6 - Created
the flight of heavier than air (n. 14 Bis);<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">7 -
Improved the flight of heavier than air aircraft in several other airships (no.
15 and n.20);<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>
Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-34914912934983259242012-10-23T12:40:00.003-07:002012-11-21T04:21:07.820-08:00Santos Dumont and the Celebrations for the First Flight of an airplane Heavier than Air<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEsxlzTvO7N3Xu6-k4Z5s8Xy3aJ00PYKU067N2uapZ3Ym3rkpgBvMYnVFvjbg-hQH57ybz-uniQ8x5oyCBhqAY3sdEesKtxVb4M1SrvGmN8y5dneNa4mKr4fdtQvC2mEURo7GtKsY-8Fw/s1600/Sd+Chegando+de+Carro+oficial.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEsxlzTvO7N3Xu6-k4Z5s8Xy3aJ00PYKU067N2uapZ3Ym3rkpgBvMYnVFvjbg-hQH57ybz-uniQ8x5oyCBhqAY3sdEesKtxVb4M1SrvGmN8y5dneNa4mKr4fdtQvC2mEURo7GtKsY-8Fw/s640/Sd+Chegando+de+Carro+oficial.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Santos=Dumont arrives with his 14-Bis dismantled</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
At exactly 106 years
ago Santos=Dumont lived the happiest day of his life; he had made the first
flight with an airplane heavier than air.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<a href="http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com.br/2012/10/comemoracoes-do-primeiro-voo-do-mais.html">leia este artigo em Português</a><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Contrary to many
beliefs Santos=Dumont perform the first flight, differently from the Wright
brothers, Santos=Dumont flew in front of a technical committee, with the
presence of several witnesses and therefore, was homologated as the first
flight of history.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnmftRqfxezP8w77wUScFOe5aD_irTUI_TzQAx3rmS-VCIpRH1WrY_H4quutgmVzz_w4wePUY5tkSWHv9rd2rS_1l2DCgwf2nHeBkhpWGsOhXnoGphzoQF-V_F38EfMa_XhVJ8Hd6vU4g/s1600/Sd+em+voo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnmftRqfxezP8w77wUScFOe5aD_irTUI_TzQAx3rmS-VCIpRH1WrY_H4quutgmVzz_w4wePUY5tkSWHv9rd2rS_1l2DCgwf2nHeBkhpWGsOhXnoGphzoQF-V_F38EfMa_XhVJ8Hd6vU4g/s400/Sd+em+voo.jpg" width="298" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In his book Dans l'air
Santos Dumont reports:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
"Shortly
thereafter, on October 23, before the Scientific Committee of the Aero Club and
the large crowd, I've made the famous flight of 250 meters, which fully
confirmed the possibility of a man fly.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This last experience
and the one of July 12, 1901, gave me the two of the happiest moments of my
life".<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption"><br />
A fan is photographed next to his idol Santos = Dumont shortly after being the first man to fly an aircraft heavier than air - Bagatelle, Paris on October 23, 1906. On that date, Santos=Dumont took off with<br />
his 14-Bis and flew 60 meters in 7 seconds, at a height of 2 meters above the ground, in front of more than a thousand spectators and the Official Committee of the Aero Club of France.<br />
(i.e. mounting illustrative)</td></tr>
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<br /></div>
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Article published in
the Brazilian magazine “O Cruzeiro" recounting the picturesque case in
which a donkey called Kuignot help Santos=Dumont in his experiments.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">14-bis being transported amid the crowd</td></tr>
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<br /></div>
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The fact was reminded
on several different dates, the first Brazilian astronaut, Marcos Pontes in his
mission to space, did the most significant homage.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXxdChr6E79pfM5crKt5l2RLJeEQaFAi6UPJbEvsTHNT0BLxveCmtgGqGDnJhao5mNw2GSVEolYb_5878tNNZWInWPk2eWmDWXC36h1IQUSTPHBg-6cET3JZW1JbFp2DtjnDw5eMa1Zh8/s1600/First+man+to+fly+Santos+Dumont+first+brazilian+in+space+Marcos+Pontes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXxdChr6E79pfM5crKt5l2RLJeEQaFAi6UPJbEvsTHNT0BLxveCmtgGqGDnJhao5mNw2GSVEolYb_5878tNNZWInWPk2eWmDWXC36h1IQUSTPHBg-6cET3JZW1JbFp2DtjnDw5eMa1Zh8/s1600/First+man+to+fly+Santos+Dumont+first+brazilian+in+space+Marcos+Pontes.jpg" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
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At 23h30 min of March
29, 2006, Brazilian astronaut, Lieutenant Colonel Marcos Cesar Pontes, leaving
the Baikonur Base, in Kazakistan, aboard the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TMA-7,
went to the International Space Station, in company of North American Astronaut
William McArthur and Russian Valery <o:p></o:p></div>
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Tokariov. It was
called “Centennial Mission” in honor of the first flight of Santos=Dumont.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY1x7ZCBb99v046C9JIPddFj4yBNNYAaW_IRA4mdc2aGI_FjZras3g94FwqxNPVidsP5sqcCMwvZSq9nutmkLtNKDVOschvqNUiLkA0xOBizURRZdPS293DJ-5hlP-6LcGwJuuJF3_Rds/s1600/Marcos+Pontes+holds+Santos+Dumont+Panama+Hat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiY1x7ZCBb99v046C9JIPddFj4yBNNYAaW_IRA4mdc2aGI_FjZras3g94FwqxNPVidsP5sqcCMwvZSq9nutmkLtNKDVOschvqNUiLkA0xOBizURRZdPS293DJ-5hlP-6LcGwJuuJF3_Rds/s1600/Marcos+Pontes+holds+Santos+Dumont+Panama+Hat.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Marcos Pontes and his homage to Santos=Dumont (with a Panama Hat and a <span style="text-align: -webkit-auto;">handkerchief that belonged to the aviator)</span></span></blockquote>
</td></tr>
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On April 3, 2006 was
sent a interview with a tribute to Santos Dumont, in which Marcos Pontes used
aboard the International Space Station a Panama hat equal to the inventor and a
handkerchief that belonged to Santos=Dumont.<br />
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Handkerchief that belonged to Santos=Dumont with the stamps of the International Space Station and the dated stamp (April 8, 2006) from the Russian segment of the ISS (Российский сегмент Международной космической станции)
<!--EndFragment--></td></tr>
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<br />
Marcos returned to Earth on the
night of April 8, at 20h56 Brasilia time, April 9th Kazakhstan time.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">configuration of the 14-Bis on its first flight.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span lang="PT-BR"></span><br />
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1Wa2aVJseLiQfhqVHLlzVwt_1X4nRJ_cCjkD8FS5J_WVA8tUV1xtXRYj-CMC93sNe76dyrKlAOqJI8fgAbAsE_KCut_p9pzst87jtVksSJL8wVumZ8DkIZxsQgVtgwbcWPaXDCeseUnE/s1600/Ficha+Te%CC%81cnica+do+Numero+14Bis+oct+23+1906.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1Wa2aVJseLiQfhqVHLlzVwt_1X4nRJ_cCjkD8FS5J_WVA8tUV1xtXRYj-CMC93sNe76dyrKlAOqJI8fgAbAsE_KCut_p9pzst87jtVksSJL8wVumZ8DkIZxsQgVtgwbcWPaXDCeseUnE/s640/Ficha+Te%CC%81cnica+do+Numero+14Bis+oct+23+1906.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">with this model S=D won the cup Archdeacon - flew on October 23 1906 60m at 3m high</td></tr>
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<span lang="PT-BR"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1uBYTxMsPkQS4Mo9LyM8FxCcpsIF395NoENs_TvcTSZtwcaUe8FU7i-br3FSIKk3q0w_4msEDtzl3WtSjUv4RNucGHnTZbGt0ilYb88xR1xOSmJWVE04ykWvPyg0BYEXZg-5slBqc7zw/s1600/Ficha+Te%CC%81cnica+do+Numero+14Bis+nov+12+1906.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1uBYTxMsPkQS4Mo9LyM8FxCcpsIF395NoENs_TvcTSZtwcaUe8FU7i-br3FSIKk3q0w_4msEDtzl3WtSjUv4RNucGHnTZbGt0ilYb88xR1xOSmJWVE04ykWvPyg0BYEXZg-5slBqc7zw/s640/Ficha+Te%CC%81cnica+do+Numero+14Bis+nov+12+1906.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">With this model S=D has addapted his latest invention, the Aileron - On November 12 1906, flew 220m at 60 m high</td></tr>
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<span lang="PT-BR"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">S=D also invented the engine starter device for 14-Bis</td></tr>
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<span lang="PT-BR"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></span><span lang="PT-BR"><br /></span><br />
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<!--EndFragment-->Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-86177258216776212622012-07-20T08:11:00.002-07:002012-07-20T08:11:32.258-07:00Santos Dumont Doodle<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm6bHXMTHiSqmSFMhMIJn-Q99VBXLcHh1IWoRKz_afTtTEtzyHusADY4JT4bdIqyMm_C4AgnWNyjxOqiNxQMIHxQfsdMEw7tEMp5oMGTU8CyQ8GnawU26tlgfBEzbYhyphenhyphenbwUTuVMBRNFIA/s1600/Texto+do+Doodle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="580" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm6bHXMTHiSqmSFMhMIJn-Q99VBXLcHh1IWoRKz_afTtTEtzyHusADY4JT4bdIqyMm_C4AgnWNyjxOqiNxQMIHxQfsdMEw7tEMp5oMGTU8CyQ8GnawU26tlgfBEzbYhyphenhyphenbwUTuVMBRNFIA/s640/Texto+do+Doodle.jpg" width="640" /></a><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">I really enjoyed the
homage paid by Google today for the birthday of Alberto Santos-Dumont. This is
perhaps Brazil's most relevant personality, which stand to be the rightful
inventor of autonomous aircraft heavier than air.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Leaving that polemic
aside, I would like to salute Google initiative.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Cheers!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--EndFragment-->Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7509656986934169080.post-87773269973497633832012-06-15T15:53:00.001-07:002012-06-15T15:58:33.586-07:00The science behind involucres and valves of Santos=Dumont Dirigibles<br />
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<span lang="PT-BR">Santos=Dumont used the ascensional force of hydrogen in almost all of his dirigibles. Unlike modern balloons that make use of hot air, the hydrogen envelopes were sealed and the internal pressure should be controlled through valves.</span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR"><a href="http://santosdumontvida.blogspot.com.br/2012/06/ciencia-por-tras-involucros-e-valvulas.html">leia este artigo em português</a></span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR">The technology of gas balloons is quite old; this Illustration from the late 19th century shows Jacques Charles performing an experience with the first hydrogen gas balloon in August, 27th 1783, at the Champ de Mars, Paris.</span></div>
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The system to obtain hydrogen was invented by French balloonist and manufacturer Gabriel Yon (1835-1894). It consisted of placing a bit of iron filings in dilute sulfuric acid inside two large tanks. Hydrogen bubbles were formed and pumped through tubes inside the water to be cleaned of impurities. Finally it was stored in a steel tank under pressure.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdBGNmzlmt9nO6epg_UYdUiUFLfVGIq7a7kCPR3GfcNVPPjY_QPjf1cPr2GMWlP9IUeGmKlcKZjIgtVEzdpJSO5RJJQciBV7slmzfQ-au8OiISSXm6o8_GybIMwO0bUyVwAR-Qcyja_sbv/s1600/Santos+Dumont+quelques+minutes+apre%CC%80s+l'+accident.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="532" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdBGNmzlmt9nO6epg_UYdUiUFLfVGIq7a7kCPR3GfcNVPPjY_QPjf1cPr2GMWlP9IUeGmKlcKZjIgtVEzdpJSO5RJJQciBV7slmzfQ-au8OiISSXm6o8_GybIMwO0bUyVwAR-Qcyja_sbv/s640/Santos+Dumont+quelques+minutes+apre%CC%80s+l'+accident.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></a></div>
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The association hydrogen envelope and petrol explosion engines was very dangerous, dozens of hydrogen dirigibles exploded or burned in the years, the most famous of them was the Hindenburg disaster that took place on May 6, 1937, as the German passenger airship LZ 129 Hindenburg caught fire and was destroyed during its attempt to dock at the Lakehurst Naval Air Station killing 35 people.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This High-speed videography at thousand frames per second makes it possible to observe in detail the sequence of events after the balloon has been lit with a match.</td></tr>
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<span lang="PT-BR">Santos=Dumont made use of the technology available at that time to create dirigibles very safe with regard to anti-flammability and the most perfect envelope was used in his Dirigible Number 6.</span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR">As observed in several accidents that happened before the conquest of the Deutsch prize, Dumont knew that the envelope could not be too long because it ran the risk of bending the middle, as happened with his Dirigible Number 1 and 2. He also knew that he should take a very special care with expansion and contraction of hydrogen at different altitudes as happened with Augusto Severo.</span></div>
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<span lang="PT-BR">Augusto Severo was a Brazilian congressman who devoted his life to dirigibles, he died tragically on May 12, 1902, when he performed maneuvers with his dirigible named Pax in Paris. Fifteen minutes after his takeoff from the Park Vaugirand the rigid envelope broke down due to expansion of hydrogen through the rarefied atmosphere, releasing hydrogen directly over the internal combustion engine and caused a huge explosion, flame debris fell on the Avenue du Maine, causing uproar in the city.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDuBaWDYQri58KIMB93NCn83X3m6INTT8G-4Mq-adh-WLctnj1PxAKozV91IAyeJ2qTyBrNulJEgy4_WcLrWimc643N0vCwyjvLFqOHys8Jf24Dmqsd0b0DY_hnlgygAeFV1OHPartUeCM/s1600/Numero+6+conpensando+fuga+de+hidrogenio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDuBaWDYQri58KIMB93NCn83X3m6INTT8G-4Mq-adh-WLctnj1PxAKozV91IAyeJ2qTyBrNulJEgy4_WcLrWimc643N0vCwyjvLFqOHys8Jf24Dmqsd0b0DY_hnlgygAeFV1OHPartUeCM/s640/Numero+6+conpensando+fuga+de+hidrogenio.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In the chart above shown in Figure 1 a sudden escape of hydrogen and in figure 2 the fan is used to inflate the cuff to prevent the internal envelope fold in half.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In the chart above we see in Figure 1 the Dirigible Santos=Dumont Number 6 ascended up far, the atmosphere was thin and the pressure inside the envelope went high. In figure 2 the safety valve automatically opens to prevent collapse of the envelope.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In the chart above we see in Figure 1 Santos Dumont voluntarily decides to empty the envelope. In figure 2 he turns the fan on to inflate the cuff preventing the envelope fold in half.</td></tr>
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Santos=Dumont knew how to compensate for variations in pressure by safety valves that worked automatically, letting out the gas when the pressure increased significantly and closed automatically when the pressure returned to normal. Manual valves and an inner inflatable cuff was inflated with a fan and emptied directly from his nacelle.</div>
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<span lang="PT-BR">He also took great care with his envelope, demanded that it was always well sewed and varnished to prevent leaks, above we see Santos Dumont at Lachambre & Machuron headquarters overseeing the manufacture of his envelope. He also made sure to keep the balloon far away enough from the engine exhaust pipe, it could burn the delicate envelope made of Japanese silk.</span></div>
</div>Luiz Paganohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08268156299973205226noreply@blogger.com0